LIFE PROCESSES IN

LIVING ORGANISMS-
PART 1
SCIENCE II
CLASS X
Learning Objectives
 The pupil knows about different
processes & energy production in
living organisms.

 The pupil knows about

• Glycolysis,
• Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle &
• Electron Transfer Chain Reaction.
Let’s recap
 What is the importance of balanced diet for
body?
 Which different functions are performed by
muscles in body?
 What is respiration? How does it occur?
 How are the various processes occurring in
human body controlled? In how many ways ?
Lesson Explanation
LIVING ORGANISM
& LIFE PROCESS

Need of
Continuous
Source of Energy
Lesson Explanation
 Energy- It is
harvested by the
mitochondria
present in each
cell.

 Oxygen
Lesson Explanation
LIVING ORGANISM &
ENERGY PRODUCTION

Oxygen and carbon dioxide

are exchanged between
body and surrounding
in case of respiration
occurring at body level.
Lesson Explanation

In case of respiration at cellular

level, foodstuffs are oxidized
either with or without help of
oxygen.
Lesson Explanation
Energy is obtained in the form of ATP ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE

For this purpose, glucose, a type of carbohydrates is oxidized step by step

in the cells.

Aerobic (oxygen
involved)

Cellular Respiration

Anaerobic (oxygen not

involved)
Lesson Explanation
AEROBIC RESPIRATION

Glycolysis

3
IN
Tricarboxylic

EPS ED
Cycle
ST XIDIZ
EO
Electron
Transfer Chain
OS
UC
GL
 Lesson Explanation
GLYCOLYSIS
Glucose is broken down
to produce energy

Takes place in
the cytosol of
the cell cytoplasm

6 enzymes are involved

in the process.

Glucose is oxidized
Lesson Explanation
TRICARBOXYLIC ACID CYCLE
Acetyl-CoA

ENTERS

Completely oxidized

KREB’S CYCLE OR CITRIC ACID CYCLE H2O

CO2

NADH2 Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

FADH2 Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide

Lesson Explanation
ELECTRON TRANSFER CHAIN

ATP ATP
NADH2
ATP Electron transfer chain
reaction is operated in
mitochondria only.

FADH2 ATP ATP

 Lesson Explanation
If there is insufficient amount of carbohydrates in body,

lipids and proteins are used for energy production

converted into fatty acids into amino acids.

oxidation of acetyl-CoA by
Acetyl-CoA the process of Krebs cycle
in mitochondria
Check for Understanding

 What happens when there is insufficient

amount of carbohydrates in the body?

 What are the 3 steps of glucose oxidation?

 What happens in cellular respiration?

Assignment

Explain the glycolysis in detail.

Define: Glycolysis
Aerobic respiration
Cellular respiration

Our muscle cells perform ________ type

of respiration during exercise.