Complete

Linux Administration
Troubleshooting Skills

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Permissions in Linux

Ownership Permissions File &

of Linux for any file, Directory
files directory attributes

Changing
Access
Permissions Special
Levels & & Permissions
Modes Ownership

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Permissions in Linux

 There are three permissions for any file, directory.

 The following lists the symbols used to denote each, along with a brief description:

 r — Indicates that a given category of user can read a file.

 w — Indicates that a given category of user can write to a file.
 x — Indicates that a given category of user can execute the file.

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Permissions in Linux

 Each of the three permissions are assigned to three defined categories of users.

 owner — The user permissions apply only the owner of the file or directory, they will not
impact the actions of other users.
 group — The group permissions apply only to the group that has been assigned to the
file or directory, they will not effect the actions of other users.
 others — The others permissions apply to all other users on the system, this is the
permission group that you want to watch the most.

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Permissions in Linux

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File & Directory Attributes

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Permissions in Linux
 Chmod – changing file permissions

 The chmod command is used to change the permissions of a file or directory.

 chmod permissions filename

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Permissions in Linux
 There are 2 ways to use the command -

 Absolute mode
 Symbolic mode

 Absolute(Numeric) Mode

 In this mode, file permissions are not represented as characters but a three-digit octal
number.

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Permissions in Linux

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Permissions in Linux
 Symbolic Mode

 In the Absolute mode, you change permissions for all 3 owners. In the symbolic mode, you
can modify permissions of a specific owner. It makes use of mathematical symbols to modify
the file permissions.

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Permissions in Linux

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Permissions in Linux

Chown - Changing File Ownership

 You can change the owner of a file by using the chown command.

 chown user:group filename

 chown sverma:db file

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Thank You

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