Patient’s Profile

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Name: Arsaman Sahibul

Chief Complaint: Chest discomfort
Age: 40 years old
Blood Pressure: 130/90mmHg
Gender: Male
Temperature: 36.7C
Address: Campo Islam
Pulse Rate: 78bpm
Status: Married
Respiratory Rate: 22bpm
Birthday: 1983
Oxygen Saturation: 97%
Religion: Islam
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Group 1

Rheumatic Heart
Disease
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DISEASE OVERVIEW
• According to WHO, RHD is the most
commonly acquired heart disease in people
under age 25.
• It results from damage to heart valves
caused by one or several episodes of
rheumatic fever, an autoimmune
inflammatory reaction to throat infection
with group A streptococci.
• It can lead to death or life-long disability.
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Pathophysiology

01 Group A Streptococcal
02 Autoimmune
Infections Response

03 Inflammatory Process
04 Valvular Damage

05
Chronic Heart Damage
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RISK FACTORS

• Children and adolescents in low-and middle-

income countries.
• People who live in overcrowded and poor
conditions.
• Where rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart
disease are endemic (sub-Saharan Africa, the
Middle East, Central and South Asia, and the
South Pacific)
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SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
RHEUMATIC FEVER SYMPTOMS SYMPTOMS OF HEART VALVE
CAN INCLUDE: DAMAGE THAT IS ASSOCIATED
WITH RHEUMATIC HEART
• Fever DISEASE MAY INCLUDE:
• painful joints especially knees
• chest pain or discomfort
ankles, elbows, and wrists
• shortness of breath
• ü pain that moves between different
• swelling of the stomach, hands, or
joints
• fatigue feet
• fatigue
• chorea
• rapid or irregular heartbeat
• painless nodules
• heart murmur
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DIAGNOSTICS

Blood tests Electrocardiogram (ECG) Echocardiogram

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TREATMENT

MEDICATIONS SURGICAL

• Antibiotics
• Anti-inflammatory • Heart Valve Surgery
drugs
• Antiseizure drugs
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NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES

01 Administer appropriate
antibiotics
03 Monitor temperature
frequently

Manage inflammation
02 and symptoms with 04 Monitor the patient’s
pulse frequently
anti-inflammatory
medications.
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NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES
Observe for adverse effects of
Administer medications
05 salicylate or nonsteroidal anti-
inflammatory drug (NSAID)
07 punctually and at
regular intervals
therapy

Restrict sodium Explain the need to rest and

06 and fluids 08 assure the patient that bed rest
will be imposed no longer than
necessary.
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NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES
Assist the patient to resume
09 activity very gradually once
asymptomatic at rest

Encourage continuous prophylactic

10 antimicrobial therapy to prevent
recurrence
 Thank You
GROUP 1
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