Force on a

Moving
Charge

March 6, 2024
© 2016 Cengage Learning
Next Session!

Describe and analyse

deflections of beams of
charged particles by uniform
electric and uniform magnetic
fields.

© 2016 Cengage Learning

© 2016 Cengage Learning
 Electric Field vs. Magnetic Field
Category Deflection of Charge Deflection of Charge
in a Magnetic Field in an Electric Field

Force and The magnetic field can exert a The electric field can exert an
motion of the magnetic force only on a moving electric force on a stationary or
charge charged particle. Stationary charged moving charged particle.
particles experience no force.

© 2016 Cengage Learning

 Electric Field vs. Magnetic Field
Category Deflection of Charge Deflection of Charge
in a Magnetic Field in an Electric Field
Force and field The magnetic force is perpendicular The electric force acts in the direction
to the magnetic field and the direction of the field
of motion of the charge particle.

(see Fleming’s Left hand Rule) (See Law of Electrostatics)


 F
E
qo

© 2016 Cengage Learning

Electric Field vs. Magnetic Field
Category D Deflection of Charge
e in an Electric Field
f
l
e
c
t
i
o
n

o
f

© 2016 Cengage Learning

C
 Electric Field vs. Magnetic Field
Category Deflection of Charge Deflection of Charge
in a Magnetic Field in an Electric Field

Shape of path Circular motion is obtained when a Parabolic motion is obtained when a
charged particle enters a magnetic charged particle enters an electric
field perpendicularly. field.

2
mv
FB  qvB 
r

© 2016 Cengage Learning

© 2016 Cengage Learning
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=54JZ2w5ZXP0
 Deflection of Charges in an Electric Field
Gravitational forces have negligible effect on the motion
of the proton and electron.
• If the particle has a positive charge, then its acceleration
is in the direction of the electric field.
• If the particle has a negative charge, then its acceleration
is in the direction opposite the electric field.


 F
E
qo
 Deflection of Charges in an Electric Field
The radius of curvature for proton is larger because its mass is about 2000 times
bigger than the mass of the electron.
 Deflection of Charges in an Electric Field
When a proton accelerates from rest to
a speed v, the work done by the electric
field on the proton as it moves through
the potential difference V;

The electron-volt is the work done by the electric field on the electron
when it is accelerated through a potential difference of 1 V.
Cathode ray tube
Velocity Selector
An instrument that selects and emits a stream
of electrons of specific velocity.

A uniform electric field is perpendicular to a

uniform magnetic field (cross fields).

When the force due to the electric field is equal

but opposite to the force due to the magnetic field,
the particle moves in a straight line.

Section 29.3
• Only those particles with the given speed will pass
through the two fields undeflected.

• The magnetic force exerted on particles moving at a

speed greater than this is stronger than the electric field
and the particles will be deflected to the left.

• Those moving more slowly will be deflected to the right.

mv 2
FB  qvB  F = Eq
r
 Mass Spectrometry
Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that is used to measure
the mass-to-charge ratio of ions.
 Mass Spectrometer
A mass spectrometer separates ions
according to their mass-to-charge ratio.
In one design, a beam of ions passes through
a velocity selector and enters a second
magnetic field.
After entering the second magnetic field, the
ions move in a semicircle of radius r before
striking a detector at P.
If the ions are positively charged, they deflect
to the left.
If the ions are negatively charged, they
deflect to the right.
Section 29.3
 Mass Spectrometer
 that the radius of the path
is proportional to mass.

mv
r
qB

Section 29.3
s
s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u8l1VSEzhEA
left
Another particle of mass less than the previous one enters the filed, draw the path of the particle?
s
s