POST-CONFLICTURBAN

RENEWAL :
Analyzing the Impacts of UrbanDesign on
SustainablePeacebuilding in Marawi City

Presenter: Mohammad Ali Salem Mauna

Academic Supervisor: Prof. Dr.Eng. Matsuyuki Mihoko

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 OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

SIGNIFACANCE OF THE STUDY

LITERATURE REVIEW

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

RESEARCH TIMELINE

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 Study Area:
• The Islamic City of Marawi is the capital of the province of Lanao del Sur, one
of five provinces of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) in
the Philippines. Located in Mindanao, an island in the southern Philippines; it
is the second-largest island in the Philippine archipelago.

• The city’s central location in the region turned it into a hub for commerce,
governance, and education. Marawi boasted key government offices, regional
private and public service facilities (including the Amai Pakpak Medical
Center), and key secular and Islamic educational centers such as the
Mindanao State University (MSU) and the King Faisal Center for Islamic,
Arabic, and Asian Studies.

• Although Marawi was a main hub in Mindanao for trade and education, six
out of ten persons lived below the poverty line or on less than US$500 a year.

• Predominantly inhabited by Meranao (a Muslim Ethnic minority in the

Philippines)

• Land Area: 87.55 sq. km

• Population: 207,010 (PSA, 2020)

INTRODUCTION TREY 3
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 Background of the study:
• On 23 May 2017, a firefight broke
out between Philippine government
forces and armed non-state actors
in Marawi. The ‘battle of Marawi’
quickly spread throughout the city,
with militants taking over large
areas, including government
buildings.

• The conflict lasted for five months,

and resulted in the mass
displacement of civilians, the
widespread destruction of civilian
infrastructure, and the loss of
civilian lives.

Background of the study TREY 4

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Background of the study TREY 5
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 After 6 years:
26.5% Internally
Displaced Persons
(IDPs)
85% Rehabilitated
as of 2023

Less than 1% of
residents returned i
MAA (Most Affected
Area)

Background of the study TREY 6

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 Significance of the study:
Conflict and violence have prevailed over the last four decades in conflict-affected areas in Muslim Mindanao,
despite the signing of several peace agreements between the Philippine government and Islamic insurgents, and
peacebuilding activities on the ground.

-Miyoko, T. (2019). Rethinking" Liberal Peacebuilding": Conflict, Violence, and Peace in Mindanao. Social Transformations: Journal of the Global South, 7(1).

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 Significance of the study:

Countries recovering from war remain susceptible to the

recurrence of conflict. Historical evidence suggests that
there will be a recurrence in one quarter to one half of
these countries

-United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), CRISIS PREVENTION AND

RECOVERY REPORT 2008

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 Author Research Title Summary Research Gaps
Reflecting on reconstruction implies the analysis of complex decision-making Most Studies are Middle East and European Setting (No
Urban reconstruction as a complex
1 Bocquet, Denis processes and an understanding of the resulting built form, rather than the research studies on South East Asian Countries particularly
process: reflections on post-1945 Berlin
mere projection of static heritage, memories and ideas. in Philippines)

2 Trajano, Julius Cesar I.
This article asserts that the Mindanao peace process is not just about peace
Bottom-up peacebuilding : role of
talks between the government and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, but it Limited research about exploring urban design as
grassroots and local actors in the
should also include the effective participation of grassroots organizations and peacebuilding tool
Mindanao peace process
community-based peace advocates in resolving local conflicts.

The goal of this paper is to show that architecture and urban design should be
The challenge of conflict-affected cities:
Gizem Sucuoglu, Elif Ensari, considered part of peacebuilding efforts aimed at helping find long-term Urban design tends not to be given strong consideration in
3 Building peace through architecture and
Havard Breivik, Can Sucuoglu sustainable solutions to conflict by fostering ownership, cohesion, and conflict-affected cities.
urban design
inclusion.

Urban design and development have experienced significant changes, shifting The concept of an "ecocity" as a transformative solution is
Praxis of Urban Peacebuilding in away from traditional top-down decision-making methods. This shift has introduced, but there is a need for research that delves into
4 Ceren Boğaç
Famagusta Cyprus emphasized the importance of community engagement and participatory the components and characteristics of a holistic "peace
design, particularly in contested cities. infrastructure" within contested cities.

This study is an analysis of the potential consequences of a PCR intervention

Maheshika M. Sakalasuriyaa*, A Conceptual framework to analyse
in the form of soft and hard infrastructure. Adopting a conceptual analytical
5 Richard P Haigha, Dilanthi consequences of post conflict Lack of empirical testing of the conceptual framework
method approach, it highlights the significance of accounting for
Amaratungaa reconstruction interventions
consequences before a PCR intervention.

This paper takes a closer look at the indicators of GPI and PPI, focusing on
PEACE INDEX : A Tool for Urban indicators that can be spatially planned to make a county or city peaceful. To
6 Albina Thekkanath Lack of quatitative assessment on the peace indicators
Planning identify the spatially planned indicators, comparative analyzes were done
between case studies and indicators of peace

Gabriella Esposito De Vita, Community planning and urban design in This paper aims to contribute to filling this gap through the development of a Further research should apply the tool in different contexts,
7 Claudia Trillo & Alona Martinez- contested places. Some insights from novel tool to be implemented during community planning processes in discussing the barriers and opportunities inherent in the
Perez Belfast contested cities, particularly in (visual) mapping processes. complete process with end users.

While the study emphasizes the role of memorialism in

Based on field and archival survey, the article aims to clarify how the recovery, there is a research gap in exploring how the
The Role of Post-war Reconstruction reconstruction process has paved the way for the image-shift of Hiroshima to choice of memorialism contributes to broader processes of
Allam Alkazei , Kosuke
8 Planning in Hiroshima’s Image-shift to a a Peace Memorial City. It argues that Hiroshima’s reconstruction illustrates an conflict transformation. Investigating whether memorial
Matsubara
Peace Memorial City example where reconstruction planning was an actor in the image initiatives foster reconciliation, collective healing, and social
transformation using memorialism as a driver of recovery. cohesion in the aftermath of conflict could be a valuable
avenue for research.

LITERATURE REVIEW TREY 9

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 1. Identify changes in the physical environment in the

RESEARCH Most Affected Area (MAA) particularly public landmarks

after the Marawi Siege and explore drivers of recovery
behind post-conflict reconstruction strategies
OJECTIVES

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RESEARCH 2. Determine the community’s perception of
the redesigned urban public spaces and the

OJECTIVES
spatial changes in the Most Affected Area
(MAA)

3. Analyze the impacts of urban design on

peacebuilding indicators

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 Year 1 Year 2

Activity Spring Fall 2023 Spring Fall 2024

2023 2024

RESEARCH Research Proposal

TIMELINE Literature Review

Framework/Design/
Methodology
Data collection and Analysis

validation

Thesis writing

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY TREY 12

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 最後までお付き合いいただ
き、以上で私のプレゼン
テーションを終わります。
ご静聴ありがとうございま
した

ThankYou
Mohammad Ali Salem Mauna
07015447114
Mauna-ali-yn@ynu.jp
Yokohama National University

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