SIMULATION OF

WASTEWATER TREATMENT
PLANTS MODEL
introduction
Wastewater treatment is a process of purifying wastewater
from different contaminants.
The wastewater treatment contains several different
processes, namely physical(mechanical), chemical and
biological, in order to remove respective contaminants.
The aim of this study is to simulate different models of the
biological treatment process, the activated sludge process
(ASP).

This process uses a series of biological reactor tanks where

incoming sewage, the substrate, mainly consisting of organic
material and nutrients, are consumed and decomposed by
microorganisms, the biomass, (Diehl, 2012).
The substrate is soluble and thus dissolved in the water while the biomass is
particulate material. Both the substrate and the biomass contain several different
components. Apart from the series of biological reactor tanks, the ASP also consists
of a sedimentation tank, also known as the settler. The settler contains one inlet
and two outlets.
Water consisting of activated sludge, both biomass and substrate, ow from the
biological reactor to the inlet of the settler. In the settler the occulated biomass
settles slowly under the force of gravity. The top end of the settler will normally
be free from occulated biomass and here one of the outlets are placed, from which
purified water flows. In the bottom end of the settler the second outlet is placed.
The sludge flowing out from here are partly recycled, i.e. taken back to the
biological reactor and partly removed from the plant, for instance being used as
fertilizer. The greater part is recycled since one wants to keep the waste sludge as
small as possible for economical and environmental reasons
(Diehl, 2012).
Mathematical background
Modeling of the process
Figure 1: The activated sludge process consists of two tanks, a biological
reactor and a sedimentation tank. The indices stand for f = feed, e =
effluent, u = underflow, r= recycle, w = waste and in = influent.
Here V [m3] denotes the volume of the biological reactor, A is the cross-
sectional area of the settler, Y is a positive, dimensionless constant which
relates the usage of substrate to growth of biomass, b [s^-1] is the death
rate of the biomass and [s^-1] is a function modeling the growth rate of
the biomass.
The functions Fs(S; x; r;w; Q; t) and F(X; x; r;w; Q;
t) are the convective fluxes of S and X respectively.
They are given by

where fbk(X) is the Kynch batch flux density

function
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