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  • JVP - Jugular Venous Pressure

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    Dharaneedhar Adepu
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    The normal jugular venous pressure (JVP) is less than 4 cm above the sternal angle. Key differences between the JVP and carotid pulse include that the JVP can be obliterated while the carotid pulse cannot, and the JVP shows respiratory variation while the carotid pulse does not. Abnormalities of the JVP waves can indicate underlying cardiac conditions such as atrial fibrillation, tricuspid stenosis, or right ventricular failure. Certain findings on the JVP are characteristic of conditions like constrictive pericarditis, cardiac tamponade, and restrictive cardiomyopathy.

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    learn physiology and abnormalities of JVP

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    JVP - jugular venous pressure

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    The normal jugular venous pressure (JVP) is less than 4 cm above the sternal angle. Key differences between the JVP and carotid pulse include that the JVP can be obliterated while the carotid pulse cannot, and the JVP shows respiratory variation while the carotid pulse does not. Abnormalities of the JVP waves can indicate underlying cardiac conditions such as atrial fibrillation, tricuspid stenosis, or right ventricular failure. Certain findings on the JVP are characteristic of conditions like constrictive pericarditis, cardiac tamponade, and restrictive cardiomyopathy.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    5 views32 pages

    JVP - Jugular Venous Pressure

    Uploaded by

    Dharaneedhar Adepu
    The normal jugular venous pressure (JVP) is less than 4 cm above the sternal angle. Key differences between the JVP and carotid pulse include that the JVP can be obliterated while the carotid pulse cannot, and the JVP shows respiratory variation while the carotid pulse does not. Abnormalities of the JVP waves can indicate underlying cardiac conditions such as atrial fibrillation, tricuspid stenosis, or right ventricular failure. Certain findings on the JVP are characteristic of conditions like constrictive pericarditis, cardiac tamponade, and restrictive cardiomyopathy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 32

    JVP

    The normal JVP is less


    than 4 cm above the
    sternal angle / 9 cm
    JVP CAROTID PULSE
    Better seen Better felt
    Can be obliterated Cannot be obliterated
    Two + and two - waves One + wave
    Laterally seen Medially seen
    Definite upper level present Definite upper level absent
    Retractile impulse (inward) Expansile impulse
    Changes with position/ (outward)
    respiration/ abdominal Does not change with
    compression
    position/ respiration /
    abdominal compression
    Normal sinus rhythm
    JVP waves - corresponding cardiac event
    A wave Atrial contraction/systole
    X wave (initial x) Atrial relaxation
    C wave Closure of the tricuspid valve cusps
    X’ wave Relaxation/Descent of the base of atrium
    V wave Ventricular cont / venous filling of
    Y wave atrium
    Atrial emptying
    Raised JVP
    Mech
    Right heart failure - Heart failure , corpulmonale
    Obstruction - Svc obstruction
    tricuspid stenosis
    pulmonary stenosis
    Pericardial tamponade
    Constrictive pericarditis
    Fluid overload - Renal failure , iatrogenic
    Others - Tricuspid incompetence , RV infarction
    ASD with mitral valve disease
    A wave - atrial contraction
    Absent - Atrial fibrillation
    Giant a wave - Tricuspid stenosis / atresia
    Right ventricular hypertrophy
    Pulmonary stenosis / hypertension
    Right atrial myxoma
    Cannon a waves
    Regular - junctional rhythm
    Ventricular tachycardia with 1:1 retrograde
    conduction
    2:1 AV block
    Irregular - Complete heart block / AV dissociation
    Multiple PVCs
    Ventricular tachycardia
    Ventricular pacing
    PVC coinciding with
    atrial systole -

    Complete heart block -


    V wave
    Diminished - Hypovolemia
    Prominent - Tricuspid regurgitation
    ASD +_ MR
    VSD (LV to RA shunt - GERBODE EFFECT)
    Cor pulmonale
    X descent
    Absent - Tricuspid regurgitation
    Prominent - Tamponade
    Atrial septal defect (ASD)
    Constrictive pericarditis
    Y descent
    Slow descent - Tricuspid stenosis
    Right atrial myxoma
    Tamponade
    Rapid descent - Severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR)
    Constrictive pericarditis
    Severe right ventricular (RV) failure
    KUSSMAULS SIGN - rise in JVP with inspiration
    – Constrictive pericarditis
    – Restrictive cardiomyopathy,
    – RVMI / RHF
    – Restrictive cardiomyopathy
    – Pulmonary embolism
    – Constrictive pericarditis
    – Cardiac tumours
    – Tricuspid stenosis Not seen in tamponade
    RUPAY TAX
    CT - Prominent x descent
    Absent / slow y descent
    Kussmauls sign - negative
    CP - Prominent x descent
    Rapid y descent
    Kussmauls sign - positive
    RCMP - Prominent x descent
    Prominent y descent
    JVP ELEVATED IN ALL

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