Knowing the Philippine History

and Philippine Geographical

and Historical Foundation
 Objectives
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
a. Discuss how the physical environment of the Philippines shaped the socio-
cultural, political and economic facets of its society.
b. Explain the traditional Filipino communities
c. Analyze the culture and structure of the ancient Filipino society to
determine the level of civilization attained during the pre-colonial era.
d. Critique the strengths and weaknesses of the early Filipino society.
The Early Philippine Society
 1. Tabon Man
The Tabon Man skull cap was
discovered by Dr. Robert Fox an
American Anthropologist within the Tabon
subside Palawan in 1962. According to
research this Man lived on the first days
called Stone Age and inside the cave. He
also founded evidence that this early
human already knew how to make and
use tools. Experts said skeletal remains
found in Tabon was not a Negrito.
 2. Negrito
. Henry Otley Beyer, a known
anthropologist introduced the
“Theory of Migration” that the
first Human who came to the
Philippine Archipelago through
the Lan Bridges were Negritos,
the ancestors of the Aetas,
but many anthropologist and
experts opposed and
disproved the belief
 Callao Man

•In 2007, archaeologists

unearthed human bones in the
Philippines that proved early man
had lived on the archipelago
almost 70,000 years ago.

•Before the discovery of the bone,

scientists believed that humans
had not occupied the Philippines
before 47,000 years ago based on
the discovery of the Tabon Man.
The Social Classes of Pre Colonial
Philippines
 Tagalog
•The Tagalogs had a three-class social
structure consisting of the maginoo
(royalty), the maharlika (lit. freemen;
warrior nobility), and the alipin (serfs
and slaves). Only those who could
claim royal descent were included in
the maginoo class. Their prominence
depended on the fame of their
ancestors (bansag) or their wealth and
bravery in battle (lingas). Generally, the
closer a maginoo lineage was to the
royal founder (puno) of a lineage
(lalad), the higher their status.
 Visayas

•In Visayas, the Visayans

utilized a three-class social
structure consisting of the
oripun (commoners, serfs, and
slaves), the timawa (warrior
nobility), and at the top, the
tumao (nobility).
 Visayan hierarchy
The tumao consisted of blood relatives of the datu (community
leader) untainted by slavery, servitude, or witchcraft.[2] They
were usually descendants of the children of a datu and secondary
wives known as sandil.
The timawa were the Feudal warrior class of the ancient Visayan
societies of the Philippines.
 Slavery in the Philippines
• The alipin refers to the lowest social class among the various
cultures of the Philippines, before the arrival of the Spanish in
the 16th and 17th centuries. In the Visayan languages the
equivalent social classes were known as the oripun, uripon,
or ulipon.
 Slavery in the Philippines
• Aliping namamahay (translated as "Servant who is housed")
refers to alipin that had their own houses, which was usually
built on the property of their masters.
• They were also known as tuhay, mamahay, or tumaranpoc in
Visayan, literally means "house dweller" or "villager."
 Slavery in the Philippines
• Alipin sa gigilid refers to unmarried alipin without a house
and whose existence was completely dependent on the graces of
their masters. They were also known as tomataban, alalay,
hayohay, or ayuey in Visayan (meaning "servant", "assistant",
or "follower").
 Slavery in the Philippines
• Horo-han or horohan, a hereditary class of oripun unique to
the Visayans and first mentioned in the Boxer Codex. Instead of
serving obligations through labor, the horo-han instead served
their masters as warriors (usually as paddlers for warships).
Unlike the timawa warrior class, they were not considered
nobility, though higher-status horo-han were virtually
indistinguishable from lower-class timawa.
 Baybayin or
Alibata
•Baybayin or Alibata is a
pre-Hispanic Philippine
writing system that
originated from Javanese
script Old Kawi. The
writing system is a
member of the Brahmic
family. It is believed to
have been in use as early
as the 14th century. The
term baybayin literally
means spelling.
 References
• https://www.elnidoadventure.com/single-post/top-reasons-why-palawan-is
-a-must-visit-in-your-next-adventure-in-the-philippines
• https://historylearning.com/history-of-the-philippines/pre-history/callao-m
an/
• https://www.flickr.com/photos/johntewell/52844237872
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alipin
• http://www.wowparadisephilippines.com/how-read-and-write-alibata.html