TURKEY

WHEN TURKEY BECOME PART OF

UNESCO?
• TURKEY BECAME A MEMBER OF THE UNITED
NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND
CULTURAL ORGANIZATION (UNESCO) ON JULY 4,
1946.
 GOVERNMENT
• TURKEY IS A DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC WITH A COMPLEX
POLITICAL SYSTEM. THE POLITICAL LANDSCAPE IN TURKEY
HAS UNDERGONE VARIOUS CHANGES OVER THE YEARS,
• THE GOVERNMENT OF TURKEY (TURKISH: TÜRKIYE
CUMHURIYETI HÜKÛMETI) IS THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT OF
TURKEY. IT IS GOVERNED AS A UNITARY STATE UNDER A
PRESIDENTIAL REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY AND A
CONSTITUTIONAL REPUBLIC WITHIN A PLURIFORM
MULTI-PARTY SYSTEM. THE TERM GOVERNMENT CAN MEAN
EITHER THE COLLECTIVE SET OF INSTITUTIONS (THE
EXECUTIVE, LEGISLATIVE, AND JUDICIAL BRANCHES) OR
SPECIFICALLY THE CABINET (THE EXECUTIVE)
 BUSINESS
• TURKEY HAS A MIXED ECONOMY WITH A COMBINATION OF MODERN INDUSTRY AND
COMMERCE, ALONG WITH A MORE TRADITIONAL AGRICULTURE SECTOR. THE
COUNTRY HAS EXPERIENCED SIGNIFICANT ECONOMIC GROWTH OVER THE YEARS,
BUT IT HAS ALSO FACED CHALLENGES SUCH AS INFLATION, A LARGE CURRENT
ACCOUNT DEFICIT, AND POLITICAL UNCERTAINTIES.
• TURKEY HAS A DIVERSE RANGE OF INDUSTRIES, INCLUDING AUTOMOTIVE, TEXTILES,
ELECTRONICS, TOURISM, AND CONSTRUCTION. ISTANBUL, IN PARTICULAR, IS A MAJOR
FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC HUB, HOSTING MANY BUSINESSES AND INDUSTRIES. THE
COUNTRY HAS ALSO BEEN STRATEGICALLY POSITIONED AS A BRIDGE BETWEEN
EUROPE AND ASIA, CONTRIBUTING TO ITS ROLE IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE.
• THE TURKISH GOVERNMENT HAS IMPLEMENTED VARIOUS ECONOMIC
REFORMS TO ATTRACT FOREIGN INVESTMENT AND PROMOTE ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT. HOWEVER, ECONOMIC CONDITIONS AND POLICIES CAN
CHANGE, AND IT'S CRUCIAL TO CHECK MORE RECENT SOURCES FOR THE
LATEST INFORMATION ON TURKEY'S BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT.
• BUSINESSES AROUND THE WORLD, INCLUDING THOSE IN TURKEY,
OFTEN ENGAGE IN CSR ACTIVITIES TO CONTRIBUTE TO SOCIAL AND
ENVIRONMENTAL CAUSES. THEY MAY SUPPORT EDUCATIONAL
PROGRAMS, CULTURAL PRESERVATION PROJECTS, OR INITIATIVES THAT
ALIGN WITH UNESCO'S BROADER OBJECTIVES. HOWEVER, THE
SPECIFICS OF SUCH ENGAGEMENTS WOULD VARY FROM COMPANY TO
COMPANY.
 TYPES OF COMPANY IN
TURKEY:
• JOINT STOCK COMPANY (JSC): A CORPORATE FORM WITH
SHAREHOLDERS AND A BOARD OF DIRECTORS.
• LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY (LLC): ANOTHER COMMON
CORPORATE FORM, OFFERING LIMITED LIABILITY TO ITS
MEMBERS.
• GENERAL PARTNERSHIP, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP,
AND PARTNERSHIP LIMITED BY SHARES ARE NON-
CORPORATE FORMS
CULTURE
•

UNESCO PLAYS A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN PROMOTING

AND PRESERVING CULTURAL HERITAGE AROUND THE
WORLD. IT DESIGNATES CERTAIN SITES, TRADITIONS,
AND PRACTICES AS PART OF THE WORLD'S CULTURAL
HERITAGE AND ENCOURAGES THE PROTECTION OF
CULTURAL DIVERSITY.
 THE CULTURE OF TURKEY (TURKISH: TÜRKIYE KÜLTÜRÜ) OR THE TURKISH CULTURE (TÜRK KÜLTÜRÜ)
COMBINES A HEAVILY DIVERSE AND HETEROGENEOUS SET OF ELEMENTS THAT HAVE BEEN DERIVED
• .FROM THE VARIOUS CULTURES OF THE EASTERN EUROPEAN, EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN, CAUCASIAN
, MIDDLE EAST AND CENTRAL ASIAN TRADITIONS. MANY OF THESE TRADITIONS WERE INITIALLY
BROUGHT TOGETHER BY THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE, A MULTI-ETHNIC AND MULTI-RELIGIOUS STATE
SPANNING ACROSS SOUTHERN EUROPE, EASTERN EUROPE, THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA.
Kemalism
turkey’s national identity is often attributed to the leadership of Mustafa Kemal
Atatürk (“father of the Turks”), who was the founder of the Republic of Turkey and
its first president. Motivated by ideals of secularism and nationalism Atatürk
implemented a series of reforms during the course of his presidency (1923-1938).

* SEVERAL LOCATIONS OF CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE HAVE BEEN DESIGNATED

UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITES, INCLUDING HISTORIC AREAS AROUND
ISTANBUL, THE GREAT MOSQUE AND HOSPITAL OF DIVRIĞI, THE OLD HITTITE
CAPITAL OF HATTUSHA, THE REMAINS AT NEMRUT DAĞ AND XANTHOS-
LETOON, THE CITY OF SAFRANBOLU, AND THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE OF
TROY.
• IN ADDITION TO THESE, UNESCO RECOGNIZED TWO MIXED-INTEREST
PROPERTIES (SITES OF BOTH CULTURAL AND NATURAL SIGNIFICANCE) IN
TURKEY: THE AREA OF GÖREME NATIONAL PARK AND THE ROCK SITES OF
CAPPADOCIA, WHICH IS KNOWN FOR THE TRACES OF BYZANTINE ART
EXTANT AMID ITS DRAMATIC ROCKY LANDSCAPE, AND HIERAPOLIS-
PAMUKKALE, WHICH IS KNOWN FOR ITS TERRACED BASINS OF UNIQUE
MINERAL FORMATIONS AND PETRIFIED WATERFALLS, WHERE RUINS OF THE
THERMAL BATHS AND TEMPLES CONSTRUCTED THERE IN THE 2ND
CENTURY BCE ARE STILL PRESENT.
 DRESS
• TURKISH MEN HAVE INCREASINGLY ADOPTED THE STYLES AND
SOMBRE COLOURS OF EUROPEAN MALE DRESS. FEZZES AND
TURBANS WERE ABOLISHED BY LAW IN 1925, AND MOST
PEASANTS NOW WEAR CLOTH CAPS. THE FAMOUS
TURKISHBAGGY TROUSERS, EXCEEDINGLY FULL IN THE SEAT,
ARE STILL QUITE COMMON IN RURAL AREAS AND AMONG THE
POORER TOWN DWELLERS, BUT THE TRADITIONAL
CUMMERBUND AND COLOURFUL SHIFT OR WAISTCOAT ARE
RARE
• WOMEN STILL LARGELY PRESERVE TRADITIONAL ATTIRE. THEY
WEAR SOME LOCALLY CUSTOMARY COMBINATION OF BAGGY
TROUSERS, SKIRTS, AND APRONS. IN MANY AREAS IT IS STILL
POSSIBLE TO IDENTIFY A WOMAN’S TOWN OR VILLAGE AND HER
MARITAL STATUS BY HER DRESS; VILLAGE WOMEN IN TURKEY
HAVE NEVER WORN A VEIL, BUT THEY HAVE TRADITIONALLY
COVERED THEIR HEADS AND MOUTHS WITH A LARGE SCARF.
 TURKISH HAMAM

is referred to a public bath and it was

originally made to fulfil the emphasis on the
cleanliness by Islam.
Public bath houses have been used since
medieval times, they were built at every
single city and they have an incredible
importance on the history ,also traditions
that took place during the Roman and
Byzantine empire.
 THE NAZAR BONCUGU

• HE NAZAR IS PLACED IN THE DOORS OF A HOUSE,

AT THE CAR AND IN MANY OTHER PLACES, AND
THE MAIN REASON WHY THEY HAVE IT
EVERYWHERE IS TO AVOID THE NEGATIVE
ENERGY AND TO HAVE BETTER LUCK.
 CIRCUMCISION

• IS A RELIGIOUS PRACTICE AND IN

TURKISH IS KNOWN AS SÜNNET.
• THE CIRCUMCISION IS ONE OF THE MOST
SIGNIFICANT MOMENTS ON THE LIFE OF A
TURKISH BOY, AS IT´S WHEN THE BOY
BECOMES A MAN, OR AT LEAST THAT´S
WHAT IT´S SAID ON THE TURKISH CULTURE.
THE DAY WHEN THE CIRCUMCISION
OCCURS IS CELEBRATED WITH A PARTY
AND THE KID WEARS A FLASHY OUTFIT TO
TEŞEKKÜR EDERIM