Good Morning
Mar 19, 2024 1
Seminar Topic :
Occlusal Relationships for
Removable Partial Dentures
Presented by-
Dr. Chetan D. Khairnar
2nd Year Post Graduate
Department of Prosthodontics,
Mar 19, 2024 Crown Bridge And Implantology. 2
Content
Introduction
Objectives
Occlusion
Types of occlusion
Methods for establishing occlusal relationships
Desirable occlusal contact for removable partial
dentures
Summary
Conclusion
References
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Introduction
In removable partial denture –
Natural teeth and artificial teeth must co-exist in
harmonious relationship.
This occlusal harmony is major factor in preservation
of surrounding structure.
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To establish satisfactory occlusion the following
factors are required-
1. Analysis of the existing occlusion
2. Correction of existing occlusal disharmony
3. Recording of centric relation
4. Correction of occlusal discrepancies created in the
denture
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Objectives
Occlusal harmony
The correction of
Restorationwith
of lost
remaining
mandibular rotation
vertical dimension
naturaloccurring
teeth as a result of
of occlusion unilateral loss of
posterior teeth
Objectives
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Occlusion
Occlusion can be defined as the static relation
between the incising or masticatory surface of
maxillary and mandibular teeth. (GPT 9)
Another term which deals with relationship of
maxillary and mandibular teeth is dental articulation
Dental articulation - the static and dynamic contact
relationship between the occlusal surfaces of the
teeth during function. (GPT 9)
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Types of Occlusion
Balanced articulation
Mutually protected articulation
Canine-protected articulation
Group function
Lingualized occlusion
Monoplane articulation
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Balanced Articulation
The bilateral, simultaneous occlusal contact of the
anterior and posterior teeth in excursive
movements. (GPT 9)
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Mutually Protected Articulation
An occlusal scheme in which the posterior teeth
prevent excessive contact of the anterior teeth in
maximal intercuspal position, and the anterior teeth
disengage the posterior teeth in all mandibular
excursive movements. (GPT 9)
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Canine-protected Articulation
A form of mutually protected articulation in which
the vertical and horizontal overlap of the canine
teeth disclude the posterior teeth in the excursive
movements of the mandible. (GPT 9)
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Group Function
Multiple contact relations between the maxillary
and mandibular teeth in lateral movements on the
working-side whereby simultaneous contact of
several teeth acts as a group to distribute occlusal
forces. (GPT 9)
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Lingualized Occlusion
This form of denture occlusion articulates the
maxillary lingual cusps with the mandibular occlusal
surfaces in centric occlusion, working and
nonworking mandibular positions. (GPT 9)
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Monoplane Articulation
An occlusal arrangement wherein the posterior
teeth have masticatory surfaces that lack any cuspal
height. (GPT
9)
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Methods for Establishing Occlusal
Relationships
Direct apposition of casts Occlusal Relations Using Occlusion Rims on Record Bases
Jaw Relation Records Made Entirely on Occlusion Rims
Inter occlusal record with posterior teeth remaining
When When
there is there is no
sufficient sufficient
number of number of
tooth Functionally generated path method
tooth
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Direct Opposition of Cast
It is used when sufficient opposing teeth remain in
contact to make the existing jaw relation, or
when only a few teeth are to be replaced on short
denture bases and no evidence of occlusal
abnormalities is found
If there are:
At least 3-4 positive contacts between
the posterior natural teeth at each arch and the
upper and lower casts can be opposed by hands
against each other.
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Inter Occlusal Record with Posterior
Teeth Remaining
It is a modification of the direct apposition of casts
method.
Used when sufficient natural teeth remain to
support the removable partial denture (Kennedy
Class Ill or IV) but the relation of opposing natural
teeth does not permit the occluding of casts by
hand.
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Occlusal Relations Using Occlusion
Rims on Record Bases
Indication -
1. In case of distal extension cases
2. If tooth supported edentulous space large
3. No tooth between opposing natural teeth
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Jaw Relation Records Made Entirely
on Occlusion Rims
Jaw relation records are made entirely on occlusion
rims when either arch has only anterior teeth
present.
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The height of the wax occlusal rims are so adjusted
intra orally that I mm of space exists between the
opposing teeth & the rims.
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Functionally Generated Path Method
Using the removable partial denture framework as a
base, a dynamic recording of the occlusal patterns is
generated in the patient's mouth under normal
functional conditions.
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Procedure -
Occlusal rim is created on
base plate using hard inlay
wax and visible gap is left
between opposing teeth
and rim initially
Softened inlay wax added
to the rim and framework
is placed intra orally
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Patient is then asked to close in centric occlusion to
intent the soft wax.
It is ensured that all natural teeth are in contact and
the framework is removed when the wax gets
hardened. Wax is softened again and the previous
exercise is repeated.
Now, the patient is instructed to protrude his/her
mandible in forward direction without losing teeth-
contact until the incisors were at edge-to-edge
relationship.
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Similarly, the lateral excursive pathways are also recorded for
both right and the left side.
The patient is instructed to glide the mandible through all
possible excursive movements to ensure capturing all border
movements.
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The wax is repeatedly softened between each biting
episode. Once all excursive pathways are recorded,
the record is hardened by keeping under the cold
water.
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MOUNTING OF THE CASTS-
The record is reseated and
secured onto the master cast
and boxing is done with the
modeling wax.
Only wax registration and
areas for vertical stops are left
exposed and it is filled with
the dental stone to form
occluding template
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Recording the functionally generated path
eliminates the need to reproduce mandibular
movement on the articulator and hence the
mounting is done on a simple 3 point articulator
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Desirable Occlusal Contact for
Removable Partial Dentures
Bilateral balanced occlusion in eccentric positions should
be formulated when a maxillary complete denture
opposes the removable partial denture. This is
accomplished primarily to promote the stability of the
complete denture.
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Working side contacts should be obtained for the
mandibular distal extension denture. These contacts
should occur simultaneously with working side
contacts of the natural teeth to distribute the stress
over the greatest possible area.
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Simultaneous working and balancing contacts
should be formulated for the maxillary bilateral
distal extension removable partial denture
whenever possible.
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Only working contacts
need to be formulated
for the maxillary or
mandibular unilateral
distal extension
removable partial
denture.
Balancing side contacts
would not enhance the
stability of the denture
because it is entirely
tooth supported on the
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In the Kennedy Class IV removable partial denture
configuration, contact of opposing anterior teeth in
the planned inter cuspal position is desired to
prevent continuous eruption of the opposing natural
incisors.
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Artificial posterior teeth
should not be arranged
farther distally than the
beginning of a sharp upward
incline of the mandibular
residual ridge or over the
retromolar pad.
To do so would have the effect
of shunting the denture
anteriorly.
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Summary
Simultaneous working and
balancing contacts
Only working contacts
Bilateral balanced occlusion in
eccentric positions
Contact of opposing anterior teeth
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in the planned inter cuspal position 34
Conclusion
For a successful removable partial denture, the occlusal pattern
of the natural teeth should be harmonized with the
Temporomandibular joints
This same occlusal pattern should be incorporated into the
artificial teeth.
When this procedure is followed, the comfort, efficiency, and
longevity of the removable partial denture is greatly enhanced.
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References
McCracken’s removable partial prosthodontics 13th edition
Stewart’s removable partial prosthodontics 4th edition
McCracken WL. Functional occlusion in removable partial denture construction. The Journal of
Prosthetic Dentistry. 1958 Nov 1;8(6):955-63.
Ivanhoe JR, Plummer KD. Removable partial denture occlusion. Dental Clinics. 2004 Jul
1;48(3):667-83.
Jeffreys FE, Platner RL. Occlusion in removable partial dentures. The Journal of Prosthetic
Dentistry. 1960 Sep 1;10(5):912-20.
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