UBUNTU AND LINUX

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what is ubuntu and features of ubuntu How to install ubuntu
Linux? and linux and linux

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 What is ubuntu?

UBUNTU IS AN OPEN-SOURCE LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM DISTRIBUTION THAT IS BASED ON

DEBIAN. IT'S KNOWN FOR ITS USER-FRIENDLY INTERFACE, REGULAR UPDATES, AND STRONG
COMMUNITY SUPPORT. UBUNTU IS WIDELY USED FOR DESKTOP, SERVER, AND CLOUD
COMPUTING ENVIRONMENTS.

UBUNTU IS A LINUX-BASED OPERATING SYSTEM. UBUNTU IS DESIGNED FOR SMARTPHONES,

NETWORK SERVERS, AND COMPUTERS. IT IS DEVELOPED BY CANONICAL LTD, WHICH IS A UK-
BASED COMPANY. ALL OF THE PRINCIPLES USED TO CREATE THE UBUNTU SOFTWARE ARE
BASED ON OPEN-SOURCE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES.
 Features of ubuntu

Key features of ubuntu:

1.) office software
2.) an open-source operating system
3.) web browsing
4.) email
5.) photos
6.) videos
7.) hardware autoconfiguration
8.) software repositories
9.) backed by canonical
 How to install ubuntu

How to install Ubuntu step by step?

Table of Contents show
Step-1: Download the latest Ubuntu 22.04.
Step-2: Bootable DVD/USB.
Step-3: Start the Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Installation.
Step-4: Keyboard Layout.
Step-5: Updates And Other Software.
Step-6: Installation Type.
Step-7: Choose Location/Region.
Step-8: User creation and host name settings.
Step-9: Update ubuntu
step-10: Use ubuntu
Step 1: Back Up Your Data
If you plan to install Ubuntu on previously used hardware, we recommend that you back up your data to avoid
potential data loss. If you’re using a previously used flash drive to download the Ubuntu ISO file, back up the flash
drive.

Step 2: Download the Ubuntu ISO File

To get started, we need to download the Ubuntu ISO file. An ISO file—also known as an ISO image or optical image
disc—is an archive file that contains an exact copy or image of the entire data found on a CD, DVD, or Blu-Ray. It is a
technology that allows large file sets, including original software, to be distributed at scale and burned onto optical
discs.

To download the Ubuntu Desktop ISO image, go to the Ubuntu download page. You’ll find two versions of Ubuntu
Desktop: Ubuntu Desktop LTS (long-term support) which offers five years of support, and Ubuntu, which comes with
only nine months of support.
Step 3: Download UNetbootin: a Bootable Live USB Drive Maker
To install Ubuntu via a USB flash drive, you’ll need a USB flashing tool to flash the Ubuntu ISO image onto the flash
drive. For this guide, we’ll use UNetbootin. UNetbootin is a powerful and easy-to-use multi-platform SD card and
USB flashing tool. Etcher and Rufus are also good options

Step 4: Create a Live, Bootable USB Drive

After downloading the Ubuntu ISO file and installing the UNetbootin flashing tool, you’ll need to create a live,
bootable USB drive. To do so, insert the flash drive into your computer’s USB port and run UNetbootin (grant
permission if requested.)

Click Distribution, scroll all the way down the Select Distribution drop-down menu, and select Ubuntu. This will
automatically populate the latest version. Select Diskimage, click on the three dots button to the right, select the
Ubuntu ISO file you just downloaded, and click OK.
Step 5: Boot From USB Flash Drive
After creating a live bootable USB flash drive or DVD, reboot your computer with the installation media still inside. If the
Ubuntu installation window doesn’t appear automatically, reboot your computer again, and enter BIOS. Your computer
will tell you which key to press to enter BIOS. For most computers, pressing F12 does the trick. On other computers, it
could be F2, F10, Esc, or Del.

Now, go to Boot Order and select USB Storage Device as the primary boot device, or DVD drive if using DVD. If the
BIOS menu lists your flash drive more than once, the rule of thumb is to go with the first mention or listing. Similarly, if
there are multiple UEFI listings, always go with the first UEFI listing with your USB flash drive name.

If you can’t find your USB flash drive in the menu at all, select BIOS Setup > Advanced Boot Options > Enable Legacy
Option ROMs > Apply. When in UEFI boot mode, this will allow Legacy Option ROMs to load. text
Step 6: Install Ubuntu
On the next screen, you will have the option to either try or install Ubuntu.

Step 7: Connect to the Internet

You can choose whether or not to connect to a wireless network, but we recommend doing so. An internet connection allows
you to install third-party software, download updates, automatically detect your timezone, and install full support for your
language. This way, you can hit the ground running.

Step 8: Installation Setup

Next, you’ll be asked to install updates and other software. There are two options available: normal and minimal. Normal
installation comes with a web browser, utilities, office software, games, and media players. Minimal installation comes with
a web browser and basic utilities, and is ideal for light users or those with smaller hard drives
Step 9: Update Ubuntu
It’s always a good idea to try to update Ubuntu after installation to ensure you have the latest features, security patches,
and software updates. There are two ways to update Ubuntu: via the Software Updater app or via Terminal.

Step 10: Start Using Ubuntu

Congratulations! You’re now ready to start using Ubuntu for a variety of tasks. For instance, you can create and edit
documents with LibreOffice which is a popular full office-suite compatible with DOC, DOCX, XLS, XLSX, PPT, and
PPTX files. Other popular apps that can spice up your Ubuntu experience include WPS Office, VLC Media Player, GIMP,
Steam, Kdenlive, Krita, VirtualBox, Google Chrome/Firefox/Brave, Scribus, OpenShot, Geary, Atom, and Darktable.
Linux
 What is linux

Linux is a Unix-like, open source and community-developed operating system

(OS) for computers, servers, mainframes, mobile devices and embedded devices.
It is supported on almost every major computer platform, including x86, ARM
and SPARC, making it one of the most widely supported operating systems.
WHAT ARE THE FEATURES OF LINUX

1. Free and Open-Source

Linux is completely free of cost, and expenses are never a hindrance to using it as an
operating system.

2. Extremely Flexible
Linux has incorporated itself into embedded products like watches, digital equipment and
supercomputing servers.

3. Lightweight Infrastructure
Linux consumes lesser storage space, and its installation requires around 4GB to 8GB of
disk space.
4. Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Even though Linux works on using the command line interface but it can be converted to be
used like windows having a Graphical user interface. This is done mostly by installing
packages. The most common way of having a GUI on the Linux environment is to log in to
Ubuntu server and install its desktop environment.

5. End-to-end encryption
Linux allows end-to-end encryption while accessing data thus storing public keys in the
server. All data is password protected and provides authentication to users. It also allows
many security features and provides file permissions, a secure shell, etc.
6. Portable Environment
Linux works on any kind of environment and doesn't depend on the device being high-ended
or low-ended. A large number of users can simultaneously use it anytime, any place, and on
multiple devices. It supports all kinds of hardware to work on.

7. Shell/ Command-line Interface

The Linux command line interpreter is known as Shell that provides an interface between the
user and kernel which then executes programs known as commands.

8. Customize keyboard
Users can create their own customized layout keyboard
9. Frequent New Updates
Linux operating system provides a wide range of accessible software updates that can be
deployed and used according to requirements

10. Hierarchical File System

Linux comes with a well-defined file structure where user files are arranged in a definite
directory structure

11. Multi-user and Multi-programming

Linux allows multiple users to access the system resources at the same time and allows
multiple applications to run at the same time.
.
step-by-step guide to installing Linux on a typical PC:

Choose a Linux Distribution: Decide which Linux distribution you want to install. Popular options include Ubuntu,
Fedora, Debian, CentOS, and Linux Mint. Visit the official website of your chosen distribution to download the
installation ISO file.

Create Installation Media: Once you've downloaded the ISO file, you'll need to create bootable installation media.
You can do this by burning the ISO file to a DVD or creating a bootable USB flash drive. There are various tools
available for this purpose, such as Rufus, Etcher, or UNetbootin.

Backup Your Data: Before proceeding with the installation, it's a good idea to back up any important data on your
computer. While the installation process shouldn't affect your existing files, it's always better to be safe than sorry.
Boot from Installation Media: Insert the bootable installation media into your computer and restart it. Make sure your
computer is set to boot from the installation media. You may need to access your computer's BIOS or UEFI settings to
change the boot order and prioritize booting from the DVD or USB drive.

Start the Installation Process: Once your computer boots from the installation media, you'll see the Linux distribution's
installer. Follow the on-screen instructions to begin the installation process. This typically involves selecting your
language, timezone, keyboard layout, and other preferences.

Partition the Disk: During the installation process, you'll need to partition your hard drive to allocate space for the Linux
installation. You can choose to install Linux alongside your existing operating system (dual-boot), replace your existing
operating system, or manually partition the disk. The installer usually provides options to guide you through this process.
Set up User Account and Password: After partitioning the disk, you'll be prompted to create a user account and
set a password for it. This account will be used to log in to your Linux system.

Complete the Installation: Once you've configured all the installation options, the installer will copy the
necessary files to your hard drive and set up the Linux system. This process may take some time depending on
your computer's hardware.

Reboot: After the installation is complete, you'll be prompted to remove the installation media and restart your
computer. Remove the DVD or USB drive and restart your computer.

Login and Enjoy Linux: Upon rebooting, you'll see the login screen of your newly installed Linux system.
Enter your username and password to log in, and you're ready to start using Linux!
THANK YOU !