The Philosophy of Education

Presented by: PRESCYME D. NECOSIA

MARCH 2,2024
 REALISM

• Aristotle, St. Thomas.

• Refers to the attitude or practice of accepting a

situation as it is and being prepared to deal with it
accordingly.
• Empirical data are important source of knowledge.

• Realist educators focus on teaching practical skills

and subjects that have real-world applications,
aiming to prepare students for life outside of the
classroom.
 It`s Relevance to the Educational
System of the Philippines

• Subject –Centered Curriculum- emphasizes

the importance of core knowledge and
essential subjects such as Mathematics,
Science and English.
• K-12 Curriculum- is a modern educational
framework designed to enhance the quality
of education and align it more closely with
the needs of students and society.
 It`s Relevance to the Educational
System of the Philippines

• DEPED MATATAG Curriculum-aims to

more focused on the development of
foundational skills such as literacy,
numeracy and socio-emotional skills.
 It`s Relevance to the Educational
System of the Philippines
• Technical and Vocational Education -
Technical Education and Skills Development
Authority (TESDA)
focus on preparing students for practical aspects of life addressing employment
needs and equipping students with skills for real-world challenges.
TEACHING METHODS:
• Demonstration

• Recitation
 TEACHING METHODS:

• Observation
 TEACHING METHODS:

• Experimetation

• Standardized test
 IDEALISM

• Socrates, Plato.

• A philosophical theory advocating that reality

depends on the mind for existence and that truth is
universal and absolute.
• A school of philosophy that emphasizes that “ideas
or concepts are the essence of all that is worth
knowing”.
 IDEALISM

• Is the belief that ultimate reality is not the world of

things seen, but the world of ideas, which
constitute the ideal pattern of what the world
should be like.
• Prime aim of life: to achieve Spiritual Values

a. Truth
b. Beauty
c. Goodness
 It`s Relevance to the Educational
System of the Philippines

• Moral and Values Education- The country’s

educational system often incorporates subjects
and activities at instilling moral virtues and a
sense of social responsibility in students.
 It`s Relevance to the Educational
System of the Philippines
• Mentorship and Role Modelling- Teachers act as
mentors, guiding students not only academically
but also morally and ethically

• Emphasis on Abstract Thinking- Activities like

debates and discussions which promotes critical
thinking, communication skills and the ability to
consider different perspectives.
TEACHING METHODS:
• Lecture

• Socratic Dialogue
 PRAGMATISM
• John Dewey, Charles Pierce.
• Greek word: to do, to make.

• The philosophy of pragmatism emphasizes the

“practical application of ideas by acting on them
to actually test them in human experiences”.
• It focuses on a “changing universe” rather than an
unchanging one.
• Emphasizes practicality.
 PRAGMATISM

• John Dewey linked pragmatism to evolution by

explaining that “human beings are creatures who
have to adapt to one another and to their
environment”.
 It`s Relevance to the Educational
System of the Philippines
Pragmatism, as a philosophical approach, can be
highly relevant to the Philippine educational
system due to its emphasis on practical experience,
problem-solving, and the application of
knowledge.
• Problem-Solving for Real-Life Challenges

• Focus on practical Skills – Learning by Doing

 It`s Relevance to the Educational
System of the Philippines

• Adaptability to Changing Needs

• Interdisciplinary Approach
TEACHING METHODS:
TEACHING METHODS:
 EXISTENTIALISM
• A philosophy that emphasizes individual
existence, freedom and choice.
• It focuses on the subjectivity of human experience and
the importance of individual.
 It`s Relevance to the Educational
System of the Philippines
• Emphasis on Individual Responsibility and
Freedom
In the context of the Philippine educational
system, which often emphasizes conformity and
rote learning, existentialist principles can encourage
students to take ownership of their education, make
independent choices, and pursue their passions and
interests.
 It`s Relevance to the Educational
System of the Philippines
• Exploration of Identity and Meaning:

In the diverse cultural landscape of the

Philippines, where students come from various
backgrounds and experiences, existentialist ideas
can help them explore and understand their own
identities, values, and aspirations, fostering a
deeper sense of self-awareness and cultural
appreciation.
 It`s Relevance to the Educational
System of the Philippines
• Preparation for Adversity and Uncertainty

In a country like the Philippines, which is prone to

natural disasters, economic fluctuations, and social
upheavals, existentialist ideas can help students
develop the resilience, creativity, and problem-
solving skills needed to navigate unpredictable
situations and thrive in an ever-changing world.
 TEACHING METHODS:
• Reflective Writing

• Existential Literature
and Art
TEACHING METHODS:
TEACHING METHODS:

• Existential Counseling and Mentorship

 HUMANISM

• Defined as a rationalist outlook or system of thought

attaching prime importance to human rather than
divine or supernatural matters..

• A doctrine, attitude, or way of life centered on human

interests or values.

• Student-Centered with Self-Realization

 It`s Relevance to the Educational
System of the Philippines
• Individual Potential -Humanism recognizes the
unique potential of each individual.

• Holistic Development -Educators aim to create

learning environments that support students'
emotional well-being, foster positive
relationships, and cultivate empathy, compassion,
and ethical decision-making.
 It`s Relevance to the Educational
System of the Philippines

• Positive Relationships and Collaboration

Teachers strive to create supportive and inclusive

classroom environments where students feel safe to
express themselves, share ideas, and work together
towards common goals.
 It`s Relevance to the Educational
System of the Philippines

• Ethical and Social Responsibility

Humanistic education instills a sense of ethical

and social responsibility in students,
encouraging them to act with integrity,
empathy, and compassion towards others.
 TEACHING METHODS:

• Arts Integration

• Service Learning
 TEACHING METHODS:

• Personalized Learning

• Collaborative Learning
Educating the mind without
educating the heart is no
education at all..
-ARISTOTLE-