GO!

All in One Computer Concepts

and Applications
Fourth Edition

Chapter 2
Hardware

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Learning Objectives

• Explain the Function of the Central Processing Unit

• Identify the Parts of a System Unit and Motherboard
• Describe Input Devices and Their Uses
• Describe Output Devices and Their Uses
• Compare Printer Types
• Discuss Communication Devices
• Compare Storage Devices

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Explain the Function of the Central
Processing Unit (1 of 6)

• Hardware—physical components
• Processing—computer’s responsibility
• Input, output, storage—handled by peripheral
devices

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Explain the Function of the Central
Processing Unit (2 of 6)

Control unit + Arithmetic logic unit =

Central processing unit

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Explain the Function of the Central
Processing Unit (3 of 6)

Figure 2.2 The four steps of the instruction cycle.

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Explain the Function of the Central
Processing Unit (4 of 6)

• Clock speed—gigahertz, billions per second

• Multi-core processor—two or more processors on a
single chip
• Graphics processing unit (GPU)—processor on
video card

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Explain the Function of the Central
Processing Unit (5 of 6)

Figure 2.3 Multiple video cards connected together to mine bitcoin.

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Explain the Function of the Central
Processing Unit (6 of 6)

Figure 2.4 Examples of cooling fans and heatsinks.

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Identify the Parts of a System Unit and
Motherboard (1 of 6)

Figure 2.5 The system unit is the case that protects and encloses the computer components.

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Identify the Parts of a System Unit and
Motherboard (2 of 6)

Figure 2.6 A motherboard has expansion slots, drive controllers, and memory slots.
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Identify the Parts of a System Unit and
Motherboard (3 of 6)

Figure 2.8 A wireless adapter.

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Identify the Parts of a System Unit and
Motherboard (4 of 6)

Figure 2.9 Some common motherboard ports.

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Identify the Parts of a System Unit and
Motherboard (5 of 6)

• BIOS
–Read-only memory
–Nonvolatile
• CMOS
–Volatile memory

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Identify the Parts of a System Unit and
Motherboard (6 of 6)

• Memory
–RAM
▪ Volatile
▪ D IMM
▪ S O D IMM
–Cache

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Describe Input Devices and Their Uses
(1 of 5)

Keyboard
–QWERTY
–Dvorak Simplified Keyboard
–Modifier keys—Ctrl, Shift, Alt
–Toggle keys—CapsLock, NumLock

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Describe Input Devices and Their Uses
(2 of 5)

Pointing devices
– Mouse
▪ Optical mouse—LED
– Touchpad
– Touchscreen
▪ Stylus
▪ Resistive screen
▪ Capacitive screen
▪ Interactive whiteboard

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Describe Input Devices and Their Uses
(3 of 5)

Digital cameras
–Point-and-shoot
–LCD—liquid crystal display
–Smartphone—Dynamic range, HDR
–DSLRs—digital single lens reflex cameras
–Webcams
–Digital video cameras

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Describe Input Devices and Their Uses
(4 of 5)

Scanners
–Optical scanner
–QR code—Quick Response code
–RFID—radio frequency identification
▪ RFID scanner
▪ RFID tag
–Magnetic strip reader
–Biometric scanners
–NFC—near field communication

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Describe Input Devices and Their Uses
(5 of 5)

• Microphones
• Game controllers and joysticks
• Adaptive input devices
• Voice-recognition software
• Wearable tech

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Describe Output Devices and Their
Uses (1 of 5)

Monitors
–Pixels
–Resolution
–OLED—organic light-emitting diode
–AMOLED—active matrix OLED

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Describe Output Devices and Their
Uses (2 of 5)

• Projectors
–DLP—digital light-processing projector
–LCD projector
• Adapters
–Display adapter or video card
–VRAM
–DVI—Digital visual interface port
–HDMI—high-definition multimedia interface port

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Describe Output Devices and Their
Uses (3 of 5)

Figure 2.19 A display adapter with HDMI, VGA,

and DVI ports.

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Describe Output Devices and Their
Uses (4 of 5)

• Speakers
• Headphones
• Headset = headphones + microphone
• Sound card

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Describe Output Devices and Their
Uses (5 of 5)

Adaptive Output Devices:

–Magnified screens
–Speech synthesis screen reading software
–Audio alerts
–Closed captions
–Visual notifications
–Braille embosser

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Compare Printer Types

• Printers
–Inkjet
–Dye-sublimation
–Photo
–Thermal
–Laser
–All-in-one
–Three-dimensional

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Discuss Communication Devices (1 of 2)

• Network adapter
• Ethernet cards
• Wireless network adapters
• Modem
• Cable modem
• Analog input and output devices
• Digital devices
• Fax device
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Discuss Communication Devices (2 of 2)

Figure 2.24 A network cable connects to the Ethernet port on a notebook computer.

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Compare Storage Devices (1 of 3)

Optical discs
–Forms:
Read-only (ROM)
Recordable (+R/−R)
Rewritable (+RW/−RW)
–CD—compact disc
–DVD—digital video disc, digital versatile disc
–Blu-ray disc

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Compare Storage Devices (2 of 3)

• Solid-state storage
• Flash memory
• Flash drives—connect via U SB port
• Memory cards—use card reader
–SD, CF, MS, xD

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Compare Storage Devices (3 of 3)

Hard drives
–Internal drives
–External drives
▪ USB connection
▪ Firewire connection

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Summary

• The CPU is the brain of the computer

• The motherboard is a circuit board over which data
travels and devices are connected to the computer
• Devices attached to a computer can be divided into
their functional areas: input, output, and storage

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Questions?

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Copyright

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