By Group 1

MIDDLE
AMERICAN
LITERATURE
 MEMBERS
01. Huynh Nhu Yen
02. Tran Thi Kim Ngan
03. Dang Thi Nhu Ngoc
04. Le Thi Thuy Ngan
05. Nguyen Le Quynh
CONTENTS
01. Warm-up
06.
02. The Slave’s
Check dream
the homework
07.
03. American women writers
Vocabulary
04. and reformers
The Brahmin Poets
05. Henry Wadsworth
Longfellow
WARM-UP
LOOK AT THE MOUTH AND GUESS THE
WORD

RULES:
- Divide into 2 teams ( 2 people, 2 turns )
- Each turn is 2 players
- Wear earphones
- Guess the word the other person said
- The team that guesses more words will be the
winner
CHECK THE
HOMEWORK
MULTIPLE CHOICES:

1. When was Nathaniel Hawthorne born?

A. 10/7/1804 B. 4/7/1804 C. 7/4/1804 D. 7/10/1804

2. In 1838, who was Nathaniel Hawthorne engaged to?

A. Maria Louisa B. Hester C. Sophia Peabody D. Hibbins
MULTIPLE CHOICES:
3. Where were the three main places of action when the Civil War broke
out in 1861?

A. The sea, the Mississippi Valley and the Eastern seaboard states

B. The Eastern seaboard states, the delta, and the northern border

C. The sea and the Mississippi Valley

D. The Virginia Delta, the northern border, and the eastern seaboard
states
MULTIPLE CHOICES:

4. In 1820 - 1860, which poetic category broke out?

A. Detective novels B. Science fiction novels

C. Mythological novels D. Romantic

5. Through what work does Emerson urge people to believe in themselves

rather than be controlled by the advice of others?
A. The cask of amontillado B. Minor Poems

C. Self-Reliance D. Edgar Allan Poe

VOCABULARY
LOOK AT THE ENGLISH DEFINITION AND GUESS VIETNAMESE
DEFINITION
1. Patrician (n) /pəˈtrɪʃ.ən/ : quý tộc
 a person from the highest social class

2. Ambassador (n) /æmˈbæs.ə.dər/ : đại sứ

 an official who lives in a foreign country as the senior representative

there of their own country
3. Genteel (a) /dʒenˈtiːl/ : nhã nhặn, lễ độ, lịch sự
 (of people and their way of life) quiet and polite, often in an
exaggerated way; from, or pretending to be from, a high social class
LOOK AT THE ENGLISH DEFINITION AND GUESS VIETNAMESE
DEFINITION
4. Descendant (n) /dɪˈsen.dənt/ : hậu duệ
 a person who is related to you and who lives after you, such as your
child or grandchild
5. Folklore (n) /ˈfəʊk.lɔːr/ : văn hoá nhân gian
 the traditions and stories of a country or community

6. Slavery (n) /ˈsleɪ.vər.i/ : chế độ nô lệ

 the activity of legally owning other people who are forced to work for
or obey you
LOOK AT THE ENGLISH DEFINITION AND GUESS VIETNAMESE
DEFINITION

7. Crusade (n) /kruˈseɪd/ : cuộc thập tự chinh

 a long and determined effort to achieve something that you believe
to be right or to stop something that you believe to be wrong

8. Negro (n) /ˈniː.ɡrəʊ/ : người da đen

 an old-fashioned, now offensive word for a person with dark skin,
especially one who originally came from or whose ancestors came
from Africa
LOOK AT THE ENGLISH DEFINITION AND GUESS VIETNAMESE
DEFINITION

9. Intellectual (a) /ˌɪn.təlˈek.tʃu.əl/ : trí thức

 connected with or using a person’s ability to think in a logical way
and understand things

10. Abolition (n) /ˌæb.əˈlɪʃ.ən/ : bãi bỏ

 the ending of a law, a system or an institution

THE BRAHMIN
POETS
The Boston Brahmins:

- A patrician, and Harvard-educated class

=> Literary arbiters in the United States

Brahmins' Social Positions and European Connections:
- Occupied significant positions: ministers, professors, and ambassadors
- Traveled or were educated in Europe

Democratic Sympathies and Influence:

- They were democratic in sympathy
- They carried their genteel, European-
oriented views through public lectures at
lyceums and in 2 influential Boston
magazines

Boston Brahmin and President, John Quincy Adams,

by George Peter Alexander Healy
Genteel Tradition and Criticisms:

- Part of the "genteel tradition" => elevate American literature

- Criticized: hindering the growth of a distinctive American consciousness

Impact and Recognition:

- Influential: almost 100 years

- Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was

highlighted as a prominent figure
among the Boston Brahmin poets.
HENRY WADSWORTH
LONGFELLOW
(1807-1882)
 He was born in 1807 in
Portland, Maine
Early Life
Parents were of English descent
Family Background

Hobbies were influenced by her

mother's love of nature and poetry
 Bowdoin College, 1826
Education & European
Studies - Studied in Europe
- Taught European languages at
Bowdoin and Harvard
 - Popular poet
- Earned a living through
Career & Transition to
teaching
Full-time Writing
- Taught for eighteen years at
- Harvard Resigned to prioritize
writing
 Received numerous honors
(degrees from Cambridge & Oxford)
Later Years &

Honors
Longfellow's bust is located in the
Poets House of Westminster Abbey
 - Role in cultural exchange
- Highlight on European influences

Cultural Exchange &

"American Folklore in Europe"
Literary Impact

"Lyrical Style Influenced by German

Romantics"
 Home, family, nature, and religion
are focal points

Themes in Poetry

Stylistically traditional
 Late 19th Century Popularity

Popularity & Legacy

Has a significant influence on

American literature
THE SLAVE’S
DREAM
Introduction:
- Returning from a trip abroad in 1842, and had a stormy
journey
=> Wrote seven poems on slavery
- In America, published these poems and one other in the
volume called “Poems on Slavery”
=> Contribution to the antislavery crusade.
THE SLAVE’S DREAM

Beside the ungathered rice he lay,

His sickle in his hand;
His breast was bare, his matted hair
Was buried in the sand.
Again, in the mist and shadow of sleep,
He saw his Native Land.
Ngực trần, tóc bện đuôi sam
Nằm bên gốc lúa, tay đang cầm liềm
Tóc chàng vùi cát ướt mềm
Quê hương hiện giấc cô miên ảo kỳ
THE SLAVE’S DREAM
Wide through the landscape of his dreams
The lordly Niger flowed;
Beneath the palm-trees on the plain
Once more a king he strode;
And heard the tinkling caravans
Descend the mountain-road.
Trong mơ nắm cảnh sông Ni
Con sông xinh đẹp chảy về đất cha
Bình nguyên dưới bóng chà là
Chàng mơ mình lại làm vua muôn nhà
Nghe đoàn vận tải lạc đà
Leng keng vòng nhạc vang xa núi rừng
THE SLAVE’S DREAM
He saw once more his dark-eyed queen
Among her children stand;
They clasped his neck, they kissed his cheeks,
They held him by the hand!
A tear burst from the sleeper's lids
And fell into the sand.
Lại mơ hoàng hậu mắt huyền
Cạnh con yêu quý, trinh kiên đón chàng
Cầm tay mừng tủi xốn xang
Bá vai, hôn má, cùng chàng hàn huyên
Từ trong cặp mắt ưu phiền
Rơi rơi trên cát, liền liền lệ tuôn
 THE SLAVE’S DREAM

And then at furious speed he rode Rồi phi nước đại lên đường

Along the Niger's bank; Triền sông Ni vó ngựa tung sa tràng

His bridle-reins were golden chains, Dây cương lóng lánh ánh vàng

And, with a martial clank, Ra roi tuấn mã băng băng dặm trường

At each leap he could feel his scabbard of steel Gập ghềnh theo vó câu ròn
Smiting his stallion's flank. Chiếc bao gươm thép thúc sườn ngựa say
 THE SLAVE’S DREAM
Before him, like a blood-red flag,
The bright flamingoes flew;
From morn till night he followed their flight,
O'er plains where the tamarind grew,
Till he saw the roofs of Caffre huts,
And the ocean rose to view.
Trước chàng cờ đỏ tung bay
Hạc hồng rực rỡ cánh mây từng đàn
Theo chim, rong ruổi dọc đàng
Triền miên liễu bách rủ hàng thướt tha
Tới khi trông thấy xóm nhà
Biển xanh xuất hiện xa xa bạt ngàn
 THE SLAVE’S DREAM

At night he heard the lion roar,

Đêm nghe sư tử gầm vang
And the hyena scream,
Cẩu linh gào hú đến tàn canh khuya
And the river-horse, as he crushed the reeds
Ngựa sông rỡn sóng nô đùa
Beside some hidden stream;
Dòng ngầm như tiếng trống khua mơ màng
And it passed, like a glorious roll of drums,
Tiếng vang rộn rã giấc nồng
Through the triumph of his dream.
Vinh quang chói lọi say lòng người mơ
THE SLAVE’S DREAM

The forests, with their myriad tongues,

Shouted of liberty;
And the Blast of the Desert cried aloud,
With a voice so wild and free,
That he started in his sleep and smiled
At their tempestuous glee.
Rừng gào khúc hát tự do
Cuồng phong thét giữa hoang vu liên hồi
Gió kêu hoang dại tơi bời
Chàng ta ngủ thiếp mỉm cười cùng giông
 THE SLAVE’S DREAM

He did not feel the driver's whip,

Nor the burning heat of day;
Đòn roi không cảm nát lưng
For Death had illumined the Land of Sleep,
Chàng không thấy nóng bừng bừng giữa trưa
And his lifeless body lay
Tử thần chiếu giấc chàng mơ
A worn-out fetter, that the soul
Sắc giờ đã hết, hồn giờ nát tan
Had broken and thrown away!
 QUESTIONS
1. What was the slave's dream?
=> The slave's dream told of the days when he was in his homeland, where
his wife, children, and people always welcomed and loved him. Where
there is freedom and happiness, he is his own master. In his dream, he is no
more bound to the shackles of slavery.
2. How do you evaluate the author's attitude towards the Civil War via this
poem?

=> Henry was a talented storyteller. He dared to break the prejudices of that
time and wrote anti-slavery poems. He had the desire to liberate black
people and bring freedom and peace around the world.
AMERICAN WOMEN
WRITERS AND
REFORMERS
Overview of 19th Century America:

- 1845 - 1865: Agricultural nation => Industrialized nation

- The 1870s: Majority still engaged in farming.

- 1861 - 1865: War between the North and the South

Impact of the Civil War on American Life:

- Fundamentally altered the character of American life

- For the Negroes => freedom from slavery

Inequalities Faced by American Women:

Denied the right to vote, speak in

public, attend public conventions, ...
Formation of a Women's Network:

- A robust women's network emerged

- Intellectual women drew parallels between their struggles and

those of slaves

Women's Advocacy and Reforms:

- Demanded fundamental reforms: the abolition of

slavery, ...

- Actively pursued reforms

Means of Social Change:

Personal friendships, women's newspapers, ...

Literary Tradition and Expression:

- The works of these women were part of a literary tradition

=> Served as the vanguard of intellectual expression,

contributing to the advancement of social change.
REVIEW
 MATCHING GAME
1. Descendant A. At each leap he could feel his scabbard of steel

2. The Brahmin Poet was criticized because B. a person who is related to you and who lives after you,
such as your child or grandchild

3. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow C. Harvard Resigned to prioritize writing

4. Gập ghềnh theo vó câu ròn D. For the Negroes

5. Vinh quang chói lọi say lòng người mơ E. Through the triumph of his dream.

6. freedom from slavery F. hindering the growth of a distinctive American

consciousness
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