VITTopic/Course

Sub-Topic (Example: name of college)

Probability 1.1
 Probability 1.1
What is Probability?

‘Probability’ in simple terms tell us about the chance of something occurring. The
probability of an event happening ranges between 0 to 1. That means the value of
probability can never be a negative number or a number greater than 1.
 Probability 1.1
Consider this, if it’s cloudy outside then two things can happen. First, either it will
rain or second, it won’t rain. So, the total events are ‘2’ (raining or not raining).
And, the probability of raining is 1/2

So, Probability of an event happening = Concerned Events / Total Events

Probability of an event happening is denoted by P(E)

Probability of an event not happening is denoted by P(Ē).

And, P(E) + P(Ē) = 1

 Question 1
If a coin is tossed three times, how many different outcomes are possible?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8
 Question 2
If two cards are drawn at random from a pack of cards, how many outcomes are
possible without replacement?

A) 52*52
B) 52!
C) 52*51
D) 52*50
 Question 3
If one alphabet is being selected at random from all the alphabets in English, then
what is the probability of getting a vowel?

A) 5/26
B) 21/26
C) 4/26
D) 7/26
 Question 4
A bag contains 4 red balls, 3 black balls and 2 blue balls. What is the probability
that a ball drawn randomly will be black in colour?

A) 1/3
B) 2/9
C) 4/9
D) 5/9
 Question 5
A ball is drawn randomly from a bag containing four blue, five green and seven red
balls. What is the probability that the ball is (i) blue (ii) not red?

A) 1/4, 9/16
B) 4/16, 9/16
C) 1/4, 7/16
D) 1/2, 7/16
 Question 6
Seven unbiased coins are tossed together. What is the probability of getting more
heads than tails?

A) 1/2
B) 3/8
C) 3/7
D) 4/7
 Question 7
If 2 dice are rolled, what is the probability that the sum of the values on them is
multiple of 4?

A) 5/12
B) 5/36
C) 1/4
D) 7/36
 Question 8
What is the probability that a clerk while randomly placing 4 letters, each intended
for a particular recipient in 4 addressed envelopes will place exactly one of those in
a wrong envelope?

A) 1
B) 0
C) 0.5
D) 0.33
 Question 9
What is the probability of picking out a red, green and blue ball one by one from a
bag containing 20 red, 12 green and 8 blue balls?

A) 48/247
B) 32/247
C) 65/247
D) 58/247
 Question 10
There are 10 fans in a hall and each one of them can be switched on independently.
Find the total number of ways in which the fans can be turned on.

A) 102
B) 1023
C) 210
D) 29
 Question 11
If two cards are drawn at random from a pack of cards with replacement, what is the
probability that both of them are diamond?

A) 1/17
B) 3/51
C) 5/51
D) 1/14
 Question 12
The probability that A can solve a problem is 3/10 and B can solve the same
problem is 5/8. What is the probability that the problem gets solved?

A) 47/80
B) 62/80
C) 71/80
D) 59/80
 Question 13
If two cards are drawn at random from a well - shuffled pack of cards, what is the
probability that both of the cards are kings that are red in colour?

A) 1/1645
B) 1/1326
C) 2/3656
D) None of these
 Question 14
If two different numbers are randomly selected from the first 8 natural numbers,
what is the probability that the sum of the selected numbers will be multiple of 3?

A) 5/43
B) 9/28
C) 1/45
D) 5/14
 Question 15
A speaks the truth in 30% of the cases and B speaks the truth in 40% of the cases.
Both of them are asked a question which can be answered by a ‘yes’ or a ‘no’. What
is the probability that they will contradict each other?

A) 46/100
B) 56/100
C) 66/100
D) 76/100
 Question 16
Sunny has two coins out of which one is biased and the other has heads on either
side. He puts both coins in a bag and asks Bunny to take a coin out from the bag and
flip it without looking at it. The coin falls to the ground, showing a head. What is
the probability that the other side of the coin is head as well?

A) 1/2
B) 4/8
C) 3/7
D) 4/7
 Question 17
Rajesh has two bags, one of them containing 20 red and five green balls and the
other, containing 10 blue balls and three red balls. He selects any bag at random and
pulls out six balls. If the first 5 of them are red, then what is the probability that the
sixth ball is red as well?

A) 3/4
B) 3/8
C) 5/4
D) 5/8
 Question 18
The probability that A will be alive for 30 years is 60% and the probability that his
friend B will be alive for 30 years is 40%. What is the probability that exactly one
of them will be alive in 30 years?

A) 0.5
B) 2.4
C) 3.3
D) 0.52
 Question 19
Tails occur three times more than heads when a biased coin is flipped. Ramesh plays
a game with Suresh, paying him Rs. 15 every time heads occurs and Rs. 5 every
time tails occurs. What is the minimum amount that Ramesh must ask as
participation fee so that he does not lose money in the long run?

A) 8.2
B) 7.9
C) 7.5
D) 9.6
 Question 20
In a card game, the dealer distributes one card to each player. Each player then bets
an amount on his card without looking at his card. After betting, the player shows
his card. If the card is an ace, the dealer pays the player five times his bet. If the
card is a king, the dealer pays the player four times his bet. If the card is a queen,
the dealer pays the player three times the bet. If the card is any other card, the player
has to forfeit his bet. If Mr. Crap Baggins is joining the game with Rs. 13000, how
much money can he hope to have, when he leaves the game?

A) 14000 C) 12000
B) 13860 D) 15540
THANK YOU