21st Century Literature from the

Philippines and the World

Quarter 1-Module 4: Texts and
Context
 What I need to know

For the most part, the study of

literature is devoted to the “objective” quality
of the text - a work of literature
must be perceived as an independent organism,
freely existing and making meaning on its
own (Agustin et al., 2016).
 What I Know

Identify the word that is being described in

each statement.
1. It introduces the characters, the setting, and the
circumstances of the story.
2. It refers to the perspective from which
we are being told the story.
 3. Is also known as the I–narrator.
4. It refers to the perspective that is
all – knowing and able to get in
the minds of all the characters.
5. It refers to the point where the
conflict or tension explodes or heightens.
 6. A literary approach to interpretation which considers the
author’s creative intent.
7. Those parts of the text that pertain
to the “biographical, social, cultural, historical circumstances
in which the text is made.”
 What’s In

In your notebook, write briefly your initial

discussion about the following:

1. The connection between text and context in

a short story.
 2. Local color focuses on the characters, dialect,
customs, topography, and other features particular to
a specific region. How important is the
use of local color in a story?
3. Characters have internal and external qualities. What
does each quality mean?
Public Transport
 What’s New

Mobility, a vital component for transportation to

happen be it on metros or railroads. This
“movement” of people and/or vehicles can be seen
throughout the archipelago all day contributing to
the country’s economy.
 Recall your most unforgettable public transport
experience and draw insights by answering the following
questions:

1. How do you describe public transportation experience?

2. Which among the public transportations do you
consider the best? Why?
3. Which of them do you consider the
least pratical/economical? Why?
Temistokles Adlawon
 Who is Temistokles Adlawan?
Temistokles Adlawan, a bisdak ( bisayang dako, or
“big bisaya” born and raised , true blue
bisaya ), hails from Pangdan, Naga, Cebu, and
is a prolific poet and fictionist.
 What Is It

One famous literary composition of Temistokles is

“One day on the road” – a story

depicting the public transportation of rural Cebu.
Context and the Literary Texts
 Context, as defined by the Concise Oxford
Dictionary of Literary Terms are “those parts
of a text preceding and following any
particular passage, giving its meaning fuller or
more identifiable than if it were read
in isolation.”
Related terms
External qualities are the characters attributes (physical
attributes).
Internal qualities are manifested through dialogue, motivation,
and action.
 Local color means that specific details are
placed because they enhance the reality crafted
by the story.
Point of view is the perspective from
which the story is being told.
Plot is basically the movement of a narrative.
 Contexts are the parts of a text
preceding and following a passage giving it
fuller meaning that it was read by
itself.
 What’s More

Did you understand the selection? Now, are

you ready to explain the relationship of
context with the text’s meaning?
 1. What are the basic street life scenes
Miguel reveals as he goes about his
day? Summarize the scenes in three to
five sentences.
2. What do these scenes imply about the
setting of the story?
3. How well does Miguel know his “vocation”
of driving a tricycle? Point out three
important details from the text showing the
depth of his knowledge on this road
trade.
 4. In the last sentence, Miguel says that
he “also lost the Ray – Ban which
had barred my eyes from seeing.” How
does this reference to seeing change, read
alongside the character’s transformation?
5. How is the story being told? Support your answer
by citing lines in the text.
 What I Have Learned

Directions: Write your reflection in your Notebook

by completing the unfinished statements below.

I have learned that

____________________________________________
I have realized that
____________________________________________
I will apply
__________________________________________
 What I Can Do

The values/ principles of public transportation

drivers are always compromised on the roads.
Make a slogan for the drivers
and for the passengers on how
to observe responsible driving. Use ¼
size white cartolina for your slogan.
 Assessment

By this time, you will have had

a good grasp of the lesson on
Texts and Contexts as you worked on
the different learning activities. Let us test
your ability in this topic.
Direction: Matching Items. Match Column A with
Column B. Write the letter of the
correct answer in your notebook.

1. It refers to the perspective that is

all – knowing and able to get into
the minds of all the characters.
 2. It refers to the point where the
conflict or tension explodes or heightens.
3. It means that specific details are placed
because they enhance the reality crafted by
the story.
4. Qualities of character involve the physical attributes,
get up, or mannerisms of a character,
as described by the narrator.
5. Are parts of a text preceding
and following a passage giving it fuller
meaning than if it were read by itself.
 Column B

A. Local color
B. Third person point of view
C. Climax
D. Contexts
E. Internal qualities
F. External qualities
B. Complete the following statements to check the
depth of your learning
1. Context enriches a text’s meaning by
_______________ .
2. When I related the story with that of the writer’s
biography, I was able to see ______________.
3. I saw that public transport and street life
are_____________________.
 References

Books
-Books Agustin,Roy Tristan B.et.al. 21st Century Literature From the
Philippines and the World. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc., 2016.
-Uychoco, Marikit Tara A. 21st Century Literature from the Philippines
and the World. Quezon City: Rex Bookstore, 2016.
Online Sources
-www.google.com/search?newwindow=1&e1. n.d. tagaloglang.com/philippine-
geography-song/ (accessed June 24, 2020).
-Bethelmy, LC. www. frontiersin.org. March 13, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00509 (accessed June 23, 2020)
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