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English
Quarter 3 – Module 4
Analysis of Literature as a Mirror
to a Shared Heritage
 COPYRIGHT 2021

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However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall
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This material has been approved and published for online distribution through the Learning
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Development Team of the Module

Writer: Modelyn L. Mondragon

Editors: Constantine Leop, Susan B. Quinage
Reviewer: Cecilia M. Saclolo
Illustrators: Stephen B. Gorgonio, Stephany Bryan Itao
Layout Artists: Ivan Paul V. Damalerio, Alberto S. Elcullada, Jr., Aljones E. Hawa
Management Team: Ma. Teresa M. Real
Leonevee V. Silvosa
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Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Schools Division of Surigao del Norte

Office Address: Peñaranda St., Surigao City

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English
Quarter 3 – Module 4
Analysis of Literature as a Mirror
to a Shared Heritage
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the English 8 Self-Learning Module on Analysis of Literature as a

Mirror of a Shared Heritage.

This module in English 8 is designed to meet the educational needs of learners

despite the worldwide crisis going on. This module is a useful tool in delivering a
quality and accessible education to all learners. The Department of Education’s top
priority in this time of crisis is the safety of the learners as this alternative learning
tool is accessible to learners of any social status. Learning must go on and it is
loaded with efficiency and convenience.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help

you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the English 8 Self-Learning Module on Analysis of Literature as a

Mirror of a Shared Heritage.

Learning has become more efficient for you - you can now do it at the comfort
of your home! This module will be your friend in learning and understanding English
more meaningfully and interactively. Do you struggle with English grammar and
literature? This module will get you covered as you unpack fun and comprehensive
activities designed for you! Make sure to take good care of this module and be
familiar on its content. And remember, honesty is the best policy. When you cheat
because you think no one is watching you, remember that there’s One above who
can see all your doings. Good luck! Enjoy learning!
CONTENT STANDARD
The learner demonstrates understanding of: Southeast Asian literature as
mirror to a shared heritage; coping strategies in processing textual
information; strategies in examining features of a listening and viewing
material; structural analysis of words and propaganda techniques; and
grammatical signals for opinion- making, persuasion, and emphasis.

PERFORMANCE STANDARD
The learner transfers learning by composing and delivering a persuasive
speech based on an informative essay featuring use of properly
acknowledged information sources, grammatical signals for opinion-making,
persuasion, and emphasis, and appropriate prosodic features, stance, and
behaviour.

LEARNING COMPETENCY
Analyze literature as a mirror to a shared heritage of people with diverse
backgrounds.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the module, you are expected to:
1. define what is literature;
2. identify the different types of literature;
3. analyze the important details presented in the given literary works;
and
4. recognize the relationship of culture, heritage, and diversity in
understanding literary works

INTRODUCTION

Literature makes us better thinkers. It moves us to visualize the multi-

sidedness of situations and therefore expands the breadth of our own visions,
moving us towards dreams and solutions we might not otherwise have
imagined. When we study literature, we learn to appreciate words and their
power. We tend to perceive about our own culture and others’. We learn to
sympathise with characters, to feel their joys and pain. Importantly, we learn to
consider multiple perspective and understand to complexity of human nature.
Moreover, in Literature, we develop a way of individuality and creativity, as we
tend to develop our own opinions.

This module will help you understand how literature provides totally
different meanings to different folks or teach different lessons to the same

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person at different life stages. It allows us to understand better the world we
live in. This can also open your understanding that literature reflects humanity
and a way for us to understand each other.

PRE–TEST

Instructions: Read each item carefully and identify what is asked or described.
Choose the letter of the correct answer. Use another sheet of paper in
answering.

1. It’s an act that reflects the works of imagination, aesthetic and creative writing
which are distinguished for the beauty of style or expression.
A. Culture B. Heritage
C. Literature D. Customs

2. The history, traditions, practices, etc. of a specific country, society, or

company that exist from the past and continue to be important.
A. Culture B. Literature
C. Heritage D. Customs

3. Why do we study literature?

A. to understand culture
B. to understand human nature & behavior
C. to develop historical sense
D. all of the above

4. The characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of individuals,

encompassing language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts.
A. Heritage B. Customs
C. Culture D. Literature

5. This means having a variety of individuals with various racial, ethnic, socio
economic, and cultural backgrounds and various lifestyles, experience, and
interest.
A. Diversity B. Heritage
C. Customs D. Culture

6. These are the two major forms of literature.

A. Prose and Poetry
B. Prose and Novels
C. Poetry and Proverbs
D. Poetry and Short Stories

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 7. Includes short and long plays. Pieces of literature actors perform and can be
read aloud or acted out onstage.
A. Play B. Fiction
C. Poetry D. Folktale

8. Simple stories set in the past which have animal, human, or supernatural
characters.
A. Fable B. Legend
C. Folktales D. Tall tale

9. Who is the person that writes a poem?

A. Author B. Writer
C. Illustrator D. Speaker/poet

10. Which of the following is NOT an element of poetry?

A. Uses figurative language
B. Can have rhythm and meter
C. Follows grammar rules
D. Written stanzas

REVIEW OF THE PREVIOUS MODULE

In your previous lesson, you have learned about the definitions and variations
among social, moral, and economic issues. Let us try to know if you could still
remember them by answering the activity below. The following are some examples
of the different problems that we face right now. Determine them by writing only the
letter of the correct answer on a separate sheet.

A. MORAL ISSUE B. SOCIAL ISSUE C. ECONOMIC ISSUE

1. Climate change affects the entire world.

2. According to the Commission on Population and Development, a 63% increase in
the number of births delivered by girls aged 10 to 14 in the Philippines was
observed.
3. Rising up of prices of basic commodities.

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PRESENTATION OF THE NEW MODULE
This part of the module will provide preliminary views on a way to analyze
literary works as they mirror the various beliefs and practices of individuals with
diverse backgrounds. Take a glance at this literary piece.

What’s New?

Africa
David Diop

Africa my Africa
Africa of proud warriors in ancestral savannahs
Africa of whom my grandmother sings
On the banks of the distant river
I have never known you
But your blood flows in my veins
Your beautiful black blood that irrigates the fields
The blood of your sweat
The sweat of your work
The work of your slavery
Africa, tell me Africa
Is this your back that is unbent
This back that never breaks under the weight of humiliation
This back trembling with red scars
And saying no to the whip under the midday sun
But a grave voice answers me
Impetuous child that tree, young and strong
That tree over there
Splendidly alone amidst white and faded flowers
That is your Africa springing up anew
springing up patiently, obstinately
Whose fruit bit by bit acquires
The bitter taste of liberty.

Processing Questions:

1. What is Africa poem all about?

2. Who is speaking in the poem?
3. How does the poet describe Africa?

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 In understanding literature, there are numerous things that we need to
consider– it’s definition, classification, relation to culture in association with the
author’s beliefs and personal background. To solidify your understanding and skills
of the topic, below are a series of activities that will enrich your mastery of the
lesson.

ACTIVITY
Activity 1

Task 1: Choose the letter in Column B that best describes the given words in
Column A. Continue answering in a separate sheet.

Column A Column B

__1. Compilation of written works A. Heritage

__2. Influences the views, values, and
humor of people B. Literature
__3. Legacy from the past, what is in C. Culture
today, and what to pass for the D. Poetry
next generation
E. Prose
__4. Lines are expressed in verse
__5. Lines are written in an ordinary
form of language

Task 2: THUMBS UP OR THUMBS DOWN

Directions: Draw a thumbs up if the sentence is right and thumbs down

if it is not.

______1. Culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a selected cluster of

individuals, encompassing language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music
and arts.
______2. Our cultural and natural heritage are both replaceable sources of life and
inspiration.
______3. Heritage is a gift from the past, what we live with today and what we tend
pass on to future generations.
______4. Prose is verbal or written language that follows the natural flow of
speech. It is the most common form of writing, used in both fiction and
non-fiction.

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______5. Literature is any written works that are considered to have a long-lasting
impact or importance as it expresses permanent ideas

ANALYSIS
How far have you gone now? Before pushing through, try to answer the
following questions; you do not necessarily answer them in a piece paper. They
serve as your guide in understanding the activity. Answer the questions with all
honesty. Let’s start

GUIDE QUESTIONS (ACTIVITY #1)

1. What makes poetry different from prose?
2. How can literature mirror the culture of people with diverse background?

ABSTRACTION
Literature is any written work that are considered to have a long-lasting impact or
importance as it expresses permanent concepts. This can either be within of the
style of poetry or prose.

Poetry is an art that is written or spoken in beating composition. The purpose of

poetry is to entertain by making stunning or originative thought. Some poetry is
written in verse. There are many different types and formats for poetry varying by
lines, repetition and rhyming. Two popular subjects often used in poetry are nature
and feeling.

Divisions and Types of Poetry

Narrative Poetry- tells Lyric Poems- meant Dramatic Poetry- has

a story following order to be sung to the elements loosely related to
of events accompaniment of a drama because it is written
musical instrument in a dramatic form

Examples: Examples: Examples:

Simple Lyric Ballad Dramatic Monologue
Song Metrical Romance The Soliloquy
Sonnet Epic Character Sketch
Elegy
Ode

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Prose, on the other hand is verbal or written language that follows the natural flow
of speech. It is the most common form of writing, used in both fiction and non-
fiction. Prose comes from the Latin “prosa oratio,” meaning “straightforward.” In
subject matter, prose generally concentrates on the familiar and ordinary but may
also deal with subjects such as heroism, beauty, love, and nobility of spirit.

Division and Types of Prose

Fiction- defined as a series of imagined Nonfiction- literary works based mainly

facts which illustrates truths about human on fact rather than on the imagination,
life. although they may contain fictional
elements.
Examples: Examples:
Short Story Formal Essay
The Novel Informal or Familiar Essay
Other forms of Essay ( critical essay,
biographical essay, essay of travel)

Have you ever finished reading a completely unique novel or short story and
thought: 'What did the author mean?' Or you might ask yourself: 'Why did the author
write this?' It's natural for us to ask these queries once we read. Part of the reading
methodology is to make connections to the writing, which implies you pay time
decoding it. What will it mean to interpret literature? Once you interpret literature,
you're attempting to hunt out the meaning and significance of the story. You're
asking yourself each what the text means and why it is important.

One of the simplest ways in which to interpret a writing is to use the text as a
guide. When you use the text as a guide, you are examining the foremost part of the
story and seeing how they relate to each other to find the meaning and importance of
the story.

Moreover, to fully perceive literary works’ meaning, one must not forget that
literature has something to do with society-its culture, diversity, and heritage.
Culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people,
encompassing language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts. "Culture
encompasses religion, food, what we wear, how we wear it, our language, marriage,
music, what we believe is right or wrong, how we sit at the table, how we greet
visitors, how we behave with loved ones, and a million other things," Cristina De
Rossi, an anthropologist at Barnet and Southgate College in London, told Live
Science.
In addition, cultural diversity helps us recognize and respect “ways of being”
that are not necessarily our own, so that as we interact with others we can build
bridges to trust, respect, and understanding across cultures. Furthermore, this

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diversity makes our country a more interesting place to live, as people from diverse
cultures contribute language skills, new ways of thinking, new knowledge, and
different experiences.

Heritage is our legacy from the past, what we live with today, and what we
pass on to future generations.

Having acquired all these, we conclude that literature reflects society, its good
values, and its ills.

Task 3: Reflect

What have you realized as you journey through this lesson? Before moving
forward, reflect on the important points you found helpful and challenging by
completing the sentences. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

1. I have learned that

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

2. I have realized that

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

3. I believe I can deepen my understanding through

________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

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APPLICATION
In this part of the module, you will be applying your new knowledge or skill
acquired in the discussion above to real – life situations. This will help your teacher
determine your learning success.

Directions: Read and analyze the statements carefully and then choose the letter of
the correct answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

1. Why is it important to study literature?

A. It sticks out the virtues or good values in society for people to imitate.
B. It reflects the society is undeniable fact that has been wide
acknowledge.
C. It mirrors the problems of the society to make society realize its
mistakes and make change
D. all of these

2. All the statements below are characteristics of poetry except one.

A. It has measures.
B. It is written in figurative language.
C. It is easy to understand.
D. It is showed in lines and stanzas.

3. Which among the following statements is not true about culture?

A. Culture is symbolic communication.
B. Culture is communication.
C. Human beings’ relevance that they believe as holy, sacred, absolute,
spiritual, divine, or deserve especial reverence.
D. Culture is a system of knowledge shared by a relatively large group of
people.

4. Below are examples of fiction except one.

A. Short Story B. Essay
C. Novel D. Epic

5. Which among the given choices is not associated with prose?

A. It is categorized by fiction and nonfiction.
B. It focuses on the familiar and the ordinary but may also deal with
subjects such as heroism, beauty, love, and nobility of spirit.
C. It is written in the form of ordinary written or spoken language.
D. It has a very useful function: to embody the deep truths and reveal
human

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POST-TEST

At this part, let’s now evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency by answering the assessment.

Directions: Read all the items carefully, and then write the letter of the correct
answer on a separate sheet of paper
.
1. This means having a variety of individuals with various racial, ethnic, socio
economic, and cultural backgrounds and various lifestyles, experience, and
interest.
A. Diversity B. Heritage
C. Customs D. Culture

2. It’s an act that reflects the works of imagination, aesthetic and creative writing
which are distinguished for the beauty of style or expression.
A. Culture B. Heritage
C. Literature D. Customs

3. Why do we study literature?

A. to understand culture
B. to understand human nature & behavior
C. to develop historical sense
D. all of the above

4. The history, traditions, practices, etc. of a specific country, society, or company that
exist from the past and continue to be important.
A. Culture B. Literature
C. Heritage D. Customs

5. Simple stories set in the past which have animal, human, or supernatural
characters.
A. Fable B. Legend
C. Folktales D. Tall tale

6. Which of the following is NOT an element of poetry?

A. uses figurative language
B. can have rhythm and meter
C. follows grammar rules
D. written stanzas

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 7. Includes short and long plays. Pieces of literature actors perform and can be
read aloud or acted out onstage.
A. Play B. Fiction
C. Poetry D. Folktale

8. The characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of individuals,

encompassing language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts.
A. Heritage B. Customs
C. Culture D. Literature

9. These are the two major forms of literature?

A. Prose and Poetry
B. Prose and Novels
C. Poetry and Proverbs
D. Poetry and Short Stories

10. Who is the person that writes a poem?

A. Author B. Writer
C. Illustrator D. Speaker/poet

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY

Task: Write a short essay as you give your reflection about the passage. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper. You will be graded based on the given
rubric.

Literature is the art of discovering something extraordinary

about ordinary people, and saying with ordinary words something
extraordinary.

- Boris Pasternak

Please be guided on this rubric given below to rate your work.

Rubric for Essay

Categories 1 2 3 4
Knowledge/ Demonstrates Demonstrates Demonstrate Demonstrate
Understanding limited some considerable thorough
Information and understanding understanding understandin understanding
Ideas of the topic of the topic g of the topic of the topic
Thinking/Inquiry Analyzes and Analyzes and Analyzes Analyzes and
Analyzing and interprets interprets and interprets
Interpretation information information interprets information

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 with limited with some information with high
effectiveness effectiveness with degree of
considerable effectiveness
effectiveness
Communication Meaning and Meaning and Meaning and Meaning and
Language and intent are intent are intent are intent are
Style frequently sometimes clear. clear and
unclear. unclear. Demonstrate engaging.
Demonstrates Demonstrates s limited Demonstrates
limited sense limited sense sense of limited sense
of purpose of purpose purpose and of purpose
and audience and audience audience and audience
Application Frequent Some major Some minor Few minor
Language major mechanical mechanical mechanical
Conventions mechanical errors errors errors
errors
Supporting Communicate Communicate Communicat Communicate
Opinions s ideas with s ideas with es ideas with s ideas with
limited clarity; limited clarity; limited limited clarity;
Unsupported Few clarity; Insightfully
opinions supported Effectively supported
opinions supported opinions
opinions

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PRE TEST POST TEST
1. C 1. A
2. C 2. C
3. D 3. D
4. C 4. C
5. A 5. C
6. D 6. C
7. A 7. A
8. A 8. C
9. A 9. A
10. C 10.A
REVIEW OF PREVIOUS LESSON
1. SOCIAL
2. MORAL
3. ECONOMIC
PRESENTATION OF THE NEW MODULE
ACTIVITY
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. D
5. E
APPLICATION
1. D
2. C
3. C
4. B
5. B
ANSWER KEY
REFERENCES

▪ Anglacer, Judith Agnes P. (2020). English 8: Propaganda Techniques.

Quarter 3, Module 3. First Edition. Department of Education – Zamboanga
Peninsula.
▪ Luenendonk, Martin (2019). 7 propaganda techniques students have to
understand. Cleverism Website. (https://www.cleverism.com/7-propaganda-
techniques-for-students-to-understand/)
▪ Rush, Casey. Propaganda Techniques. The Virtual English Notebook.
https://sites.google.com/site/thevirtualenglishnotebook/propaganda-
techniques
▪ https://www.uvm.edu/~jleonard/AGRI183/propoaganda.html

Why Are We Learning This? Teaching Classics TeachesHumanity

https://blog.planbook.com/teaching-classics/

http://literaryterms.net/prose/

http://https//www.purdueglobal.edu

https://www.study.com

https://www.quara.com

https://prezi.com/abfqdttotdda/identifying-an-authors-literature/

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Surigao del Norte

Peñaranda St., Surigao City
Surigao del Norte, Philippines 8400
Tel. No: (086) 826-8216
Email Address: surigao.delnorte@deped.gov.ph

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