QAD Series

Mycota (Fungi)
lrlJlch,td co~ho~ . . fc~uncnl'); 14. R#rod~J,trucbl~•fonMd at,~•t!P,af
(a) Neurosporo (b) Rhizopus the ~llum.affufW\11'11'
(c) Penlcilllum (d) Agaricus (a) Conidiospores (b) Conidia
(c) Sporangiopore (d) Spores
'~- Whld!:one 11 not-faund1ln,~ ?....• _ __
(a) Pilus (b) Mycelllum -16. ffie pii\tfof"~he~mush·r:oom.seen al:ii:iw the;i
(c) Stipe (d) Ascospore 11'0'-'n~.ls:
(a) Basil;Ji<:icarp (b) Ascocarp
~ Ibid!' -- '1
(c) M~ carp (d) Cremocarp
(a) Rhiz~pus (b) Agaricus
(c) Penicillium (d) aaviceps 17. <;oenocytlj: myceltum of Mucorrefersrto:
(a) Binuc;leate without septa
14, The-,fu_npJ ~ ~~11,are.~u (b) Mul~in'ucleate without septa
tlprQf,.1!wlhM~ (c) Uninucleate cell
(a) Spores (b) Conidia (d) None ~
(c) Sporangiopore (d) Conidiophore . 1 1

11. The,funsui •blorbl·the food by

, 5 ~ 1 ;,.edlJ'-" m~~ belanp to t ta) Mycel)gf'- +f.'t9) Roo t
(a) Oomycetes (b) Zygomyoet~ -,'..t- l fkhizometr... d) Thaflus
(c) Ascomycetes (d) Basidiomycetes '"t~Jt1:1 '_t +1 i~
11
'!.,.:_ 1~t19! Gills·occur.rn. .,.
6. Yeast belonp to: ,.: t•. -,q fff<a) Nos toe ~•
(b) Spirogyro
(a) Ascomycetes (~) De~t~romycetes +{-.i;t: . (c) ~y~or . (d) Agaricus
(c) Phycomycetes (d) Bas1d1omrcetes 9:r.t· 1 i., .' . ._ ,
~ · ~ q ..~ i:lf~ 2Q;Wflfch(l,ij,efollowfllllfOUPMll-lpoi'.81ft
17, 1'h!t m~ al nutrttro~1ri:i1~ 11 mostly AC lltautruc:ti'n?
(a) Autotrophii: (b) Hetero_trophic ·-,~ )Jtscomycetes (b) Basidiomycetes
(c) Saprophytic (d) Parasit ic (c) Deuteromycetes (d) Phycomycetes
. -t
;L Thefunll In which zvaospore lsfoun.~ ~
(a) Aib490 ~:r•
' ,·•1fb) (lifucor t,
21. Reserve food fflltlrlal In funct Is
a) Starch b) Glycogen
(c) Aspe-f~!l(us (dJ Penic/1//um ,..,\_
c) Prot eins --..... d) Glycogen and oil
w·
'! l uite bllsht of potato Is caused by
(a) Phytop1Uharo fb) Synchitrlum, n The fvnl"'"~•tt• .. ~tad
a) Saxicolous b) Terncolous
(c)Albugo I (d) Fusorlum
c) Corticolous d) Coprophilous
10. The orainlsm whrch h111,ttie pro~ic)f,
chans1n1 iuP,r.>tnto·11kiohol II 23. ~ th~~d af ~~ce;tpl:iil hyphie,_whl#i
(a) Sac~horomyces {Sl ~ tus fyr,gf~·•root Qffy,:fll 11
a) Rhizoid b) Rhizinae
(c) Mucor (d) Spirogyra
c) Rhizomorph d) Rhizophore
_,__~ Ul'
,11, The a,wwt1U9" .......l,!-1,..
, · nraots•cifi.
,
.......
.. _; . ,...,_,
124. tlie•fiffll·us llvfiw'oli at1aftlC remains ts-'knawn
.,a..,\,clf!!~_-.I=:_ _
(a) Pneumatophores
(c) Floating roots
(b) Assimilatory
(d) Mycorrhizal roots
- -.cc Ii
a) Sporophyte b) Symbiont
c) Parasite d) Saprophyte
12. Whk:h';l,~ 1(1 ~ 11n.dUBr11
25'. 111tck·•ljej ~•tlJCJl'.9 whld1 help, In
(a) Rhlzopus (b) Nostoc
~•• ~ort){r,'f:&NJ II
(c) Mucor (d) Sacchoromyces
a) Sporangiospore b) Zoospore
13. ~1¢1i offo,l~~--jbient tn fu!'.Wi?• c) Chlamydospore d) None
(a) Heterotrophic (b) Au totrophic
(c) Saprophytic (d) Parasitic
2'6.Aftef\C!~US~~~ ~Uced
'!SUl!IY. (l:IJIU~ ml.(le uc;JJ e ~Js

s
 a) Ascospores b) Basidiospores a) Ascocarp b) Perithecium
c) Conidiospores d) None c) Cleistothecium d) Ascogonium

27. Sexual reproduction In fun11 except 40. An open ascocarp Is tenned

deuteromycetes occurs In three distinct a) Perithecium b) Cleistothecium
staps known IS c) Apothecium d) Hysterothecium
a) lsogamy, An isogamy and Oogamy
b) Plasmogamy, Karyogamy and M eiosis
41. Which of the followfna Is fruiting body In
penldlll'-'m?
c) Homogamy, Heterogamy an d Pedogamy
a) Hypanthod ium b) Peri thecium
d)None
c) Cleistothecium d) Apothecium
28. The process lnvolvinafullon ofvqet:ative cells
42. In the followln1 group of funai . . .1
ls called
reproduction Is not found?
a) Plasmogamy b) Somatogamy
a) Zygo m,Yicetes b) Ascomycetes
c) Spermatization d) Karyoga my
c) B~f~~ycetes d) Fungi imper fecti
29. The precess of mtn1llna rl protoplasm without 43. 'Ray,fu,,.r are
nuclear. fus10n Is called as s. ,,._":')
a}..Ascomycetes b) Basid iomycetes
a) M onokaryon b) Syngam y
c) Coenocytk d) Plasmoga my r. .
-1 •
c) .A.I Jl?
.:..f.r.lYCetes
·=·-r•r "c•~r
+1.it
l "';p ;
d) Phycomycetes

t ~ 44. Alpe llke fonsl belon1 to the dass

30: Veset:atlve reproduction In 'funsl'occurs by i -~1e ~myce ~Jt . . b) Deuteromycetes
a) Fragmentation b) Budding
c) Fission d) All of t hese
~LI c)·r~ ~E:~..~ycetes •. d) Basi1~~ycetes

45. Fut'11f art classlfled onthe basis of

31. Which Is commonly·called Pin mould?.
a) Pencillium
.
b ) Aspergillu'sf;:: :-'?-.
•--'•--1~--
-~J~f ua1· repro~ uction , .~ fr
b)\~ ~xual re~r?_p uction ~-
c) Rhrzopus d ) M orchella ·
·Tr- c) Ve\~fative reprodl:lction
32. Red mould/red bread mould or.pink mould ~ .. ....'. tt'd}~o~'rQ f these -ls
::r,,aL,,. .!.ri,,,
a) M ucor I?) .~e).!.rigspora
c) Rhizopus df ~:'~r-i ~flla 46. ~,.i ~ltho·ut chitinous cell wall are called
1,,,J. I , ,l a) Cyanon:b;~etes b) slime moulds
33. Asperalllus Is also known as -~·-~) Oom ycetes d) Fungi jmperfect j
a) Biack moulah ., b) Du n's)rn>Uld
, t '"r·· , 47. A member:of Ascornyc;etes ls not
c) Weed of labo~~JY d) Both 'ihi ~.c ,. , : .J.+ta:
. - ~ti. -'f:tt . --:r.-- 1
a) Penicillium b) Aspergillus
34. Which of the followirw is a Coprophilous ~-~, .. c) Neurospora d) Rhizopus
funaus?
a) Rhg_op.lls- _·· LL b)"'M~s:.u r 48. The mycelli:.1111 ls typk:ally coenocytlc In
c) Pen id llium rt+. ~.,1~-,
·• · d) .As .j_;..k,. ill
··,,.perg a) Phycomycetes b) Ascomycetes
us
'l'.;1;' . ,,. c) Basidiomycetes d) None
35. 'Toad stools' are ' •· ·...
a) All m ushroom~•- 49. Which one of th'e·to11ow1r11 has non septate
b) Edible mushrooms.1 r
hyphae?
+.?-Mt~ a) Penicillium b) Rhizopus
c) All members of basid~~xcetes
c) Yeast d) Agaricus
d) Poisonous mushroom~4'lttt,
+ti·½
SO. Sexual repro·duetfon Ts absent In
·36. 'Sac fun1r are members of a) Agaricus b) Yeast
a) Phycomycetes b) Basidiomycetes
c) Fusarium d) Aspergillus
c) Ascomycetes d) Deuteromycetes
51. Columella Is found 11"1 the sporanak>phores of
37. CUp-llke frultlnc body of ascornycetes ts called
a) Rhizopus b) Yeast
a) Apothecium b) Perit hecium
c) Peniciilium d) Agaricus
c) Cleisthothecium d) None
S-2. The iygospere ls formed in
38. Whrch class of furw are calleq 'Club fungi'? a) Rhizopus b) Yeast
a) Ascomycetes b) Basidiomycetes
c) Pen iciilium d) Agaricus
c) Deuteromycetes d) Phycomycetes
53. Rhlzopus Is
39. The female 11metar11lum·of ascomvcetes Is
a) Autotrophic b) Symbiotic
called
c) Saprophytic d) Parasitic

6
Lichen (Phycomycota)
• term lichen was used by Theophrastus
• withi n 400 gene ra
• Dual orga nism (myc o plus phyc o), Bota nical curio sity
• FO liche n Erik Acharius
• Mutu allstl c symb iotic organ isms : Phycobiont and Mycobiont
• also desc ribed as helotism (:.:.
m=-= a=-=-st=ec
- r~:; =s~ ~...::o~r
• Consortium (tiusb an.d, and wife) lsym) >io,i,
• fung i ➔ limited parasite Mutu alism
Co11s otlium .
Helot i,m __
 Lichen composition
• Mycobiont:
•~ ycet~ ➔ Ascolichen ~ e and BGA)
• Ba1idiomycetou1 ➔ @asldiol@ien {B'GA)"'\
• Phycobiont (photobiont}:
• Chlorophyceae (Trebauxia, P/eurococcus, Clodophoro, Myrmeio, Coccomyxo) = 800/o
• Cyanophyceae (Nostoc, Anaboeno, Scytonema, Gloeocopso, Rivulorio) =[io3/£:)

~ een Algae Ascomycetes only)

Blue Green Algae • Basiomycetes and few Ascomycetes
 Crustose lichen

• crust like lichen having closely

adpressed thallus
• Rock (saxicolous),
.•
<

• Soil (lithocolous),
.,,...:,
• Bark (corticolous),
._- - ...:..
j,~
• Land (terricolous)
• Wood (lignocolous/xylicolous) ■ E.g. Lecanora, Lecideo,
Rhizocarpon, Graphis,
Dermatocarpon, etc.
 Structure of Lichen
• tfungal partner (95%) ~
• very little algae (5~~:
• Lichen may be homoiomerous or heteromerous

• Homoiomerous lichen
• Undifferentiated irregularly distributed algae, e.g. Crustose

• Heteromerous lichen
• thallus differentiated into distinct zones, e.g. Foliose, Frudicose
•
 Structure of Lichen

• Homomerous lichen u
• Undifferentiated irregularly
distributed algae, e.g. Crustose
• Heteromerous 4 distinct regions YPP!! Cortex
• surface layer (upper cortex),
Algal Layer
• medulla (interior),
• algal zone (gonidial layer) and
•
• lower layer (lower cortex) \
M ulla
Lichen morphology
reproductive unit
algal cells fungal hyphae

algal layer

a. fungal hyphae