Charles’s Law

In the previous last lesson, you have learned that

increasing the pressure of a gas reduces its volume at
constant temperatures.

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What if you made the
temperature vary and
the pressure change?
As with other
properties of gases,
temperature will also
change depending on
how other properties
change.
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Have you ever
wondered how hot-air
balloons and floating
lanterns float in the air
just by using open
flames? This is due to
the heat that changes
the volume of air
trapped inside of the
balloons.
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In this lesson, you will be looking at how the
temperature of gases affects their volume.

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How does the volume of a gas
change with respect to its
temperature?

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 Volume-Temperature Relationship in Gases

Macroscopic Properties of Gases

● Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic
energy of the gas particles.

● Volume is the space occupied by the gas molecules.

The volume of a gas depends on the container.

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 Volume-Temperature Relationship in Gases

Charles’s Law
Shows temperature-volume relationship at constant
pressure and moles of gas

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 Volume-Temperature Relationship in Gases

Charles’s Law
For a given initial and final temperature and volume, the
relationship is given by

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 Volume-Temperature Relationship in Gases

T-V diagrams
Represent the changes in
the volume of a gas with
respect to its temperature
provided that the pressure
and amount of gas remains
the same.

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For Charles’s law calculation, the
temperature needs to be in Kelvins (K).

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A gas occupies 0.500 L of volume at 298 K. Calculate
its new volume (in L) at 500 K?

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A gas occupies 0.500 L of volume at 298 K. Calculate
its new volume (in L) at 500 K?

The final volume of the gas is 0.839 L.

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Calculate the volume of the gas (in L) if
it heats from 250 K with a volume of 1.00
L to 425 K.

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A 1.75-L balloon at 30 ºC was heated to 60 ºC. What is
its volume in L after heating?

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A 1.75-L balloon at 30 ºC was heated to 60 ºC. What is
its volume in L after heating?

The final volume of the gas after heating is 1.92 L.

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To what temperature (in K) should a gas
be heated if it needs to expand to 10.00
L from 3.00 L at 24.85 ºC ?

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What will be the final volume of a gas in mL if 500 mL
of the gas at 30 ºC was heated to a final temperature
of 450 K?

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What will be the final volume of a gas in mL if 500 mL
of the gas at 30 ºC was heated to a final temperature
of 450 K?

Therefore, the gas will have a final volume of 742mL.

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A gas in an isolated chamber has a
volume of 250 mL at 30 ºC. What will its
volume be in mL when it is cooled to
150 K?

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Will Charles’s law apply even at
extremely low temperatures?

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Write true if the statement is correct, otherwise write
false.

1. Gases will expand upon heating according to Charles’s

Law.
2. The temperature of gases will decrease if transferred to
a container of larger volume.
3. Charles’s Law will apply if a gas is transferred from
atmospheric pressure to a vacuum.
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Solve the problems given below. Round off your
answers to three significant figures.

1. A gas occupies 1.00 L of volume at 40 ºC. What will its

final volume be when cooled to 0 ºC?
2. Calculate the final temperature of a gas occupying a
volume of 125 mL at 50 ºC when it expands to a volume
of 500 mL.

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Solve the problems given below. Round off your
answers to three significant figures.

3. A 20-L tank of gas is initially at 20 ºC. What will be the

temperature of the gas when it compresses to 10.0 L?

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● Charles’s law states that the volume of the gas is
directly proportional to its temperature at
constant pressure and amount of gas. It can also
be stated in one of two ways:
○ As the temperature of the gas increases, its
volume increases.
○ As the temperature of the gas decreases, its
volume decreases.
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● Temperature units using Charles’s law should
always be expressed in Kelvins (K).

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 Concept Formula Description

Use this formula to solve

Charles’s Law
any of the four variables
when the other three are
where
given.
● Vi is the initial volume of the
gas
● Ti is the initial temperature
of the gas
● Vf is the final volume of the
gas
● Tf is the final temperature of 27
A sample of unknown gas condenses
at 4 ºC at 1 atm and occupies a
volume of 100 mL at 50 ºC. Would the
gas condense if its volume was
reduced to 85 mL and the pressure
kept constant?

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