GENERAL STATUS OF

SAFETY MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM

TAM INTERNATIONAL
SAFETY SEMINAR
May, 2004.
 Summary
1. Introduction
2. Safety Management System – General Concepts (by
University of South California and IATA)
3. SMS Aircraft in Operators Focus
* TAM (Brazil) * TAP (Portugal)
* Avianca (Venezuela) * South African Airways (South Africa)
* Jet Blue (United Kingdom) * Gulf Air (Iraq)
* Air France (France) * Singapore Airlines (Singapore)
* Virgin Atlantic (USA)

4. SMS in Manufacturer Focus – Airbus

5. Future
6. Conclusion

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1. Introduction
 1. Introduction

The need of a structured safety program

becomes from the fact:
“The capital used to amend some accident
becomes from the
PROFITS.
Then, SAFETY provides
to SAVE MONEY.”
(Cpt. Michael Barr – USC)

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2. Safet Managent Systems
General Concepts
 2. Safety Management Systems

General Concepts (by Cpt. Michael Barr - USC)

-Unplanned events are caused by normal

people performing planned tasks that usually
deviate from the system norms.
-You cannot change the human nature,
but can change the systems.
-The need for change must be supported
by data, because changes take costs.

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 2. Safety Management Systems

General Concepts (continued)

-Errors are consequences, not causes of

problems.
-Safety significant errors can occur at
any level, from production proccess,
passing by testing, until operation.

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 2. Safety Management Systems

Problem Trade-Off
(by Cpt. Michael Barr)

Productivity Safety

Set Point
-The kind of incidents that occur is a good
indicative about where is the Set Point,
-The goal is determine the Optimum Point.

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 2. Safety Management Systems
A Safety Management System should contains:
-Policy
-Effectiveness Measurement
-Hazard Identification
-Personnel Training
-Enforced (non punishing) Reporting (Click here)

-Data Analysis
-Investigations
-SMS Audits
-Human Factors, System Failures Analysis
-Feedback to involved people, Recommendations
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 2. Safety Management Systems

Safety Management System (by Cpt. Michael Barr)

Standards

Modifications Education

Advise
Management
Enforce
Culture
Data Analysis Evaluation

Investigation Hazard Identification

Hazard
Correction

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 2. Safety Management Systems

Organization Safety Model (by Cpt. Michael Barr)

Culture Standards
Quality
Systems

Audits Education/
Training

Reporting
Systems
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 2. Safety Management Systems

Quality System Model (by Cpt. Michael Barr)

Standards

Modifications Policy

Management

Audits System

Risk
Management

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 2. Safety Management Systems

Accidents Prevention
(by Cpt. Michael Barr)

- Reactionary
-Occur during crisis
Negative
-Easy to implement
-Prevents only the
second event

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 2. Safety Management Systems

Accidents Prevention
(by Cpt. Michael Barr) - Culture
- Standards
-Quality System
-Training
Positive
-Education
-Hazard Identification
-Risk Assessment
-Risk Management
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 2. Safety Management Systems

Problems in Prevention
(by Cpt. Michael Barr)

-One Way Communication

-No Standards
-Deficient Management
-Lack of Education
-Insuficient Data
-False Predicting

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 2. Safety Management Systems

Models of Safety Management Systems (by Cpt. Michael Barr)

Swamp Person Model

-Ruled by fear
-Safety is a spy
-Accidents are cost of doing business
-No individual participation
-One way communication
-Management style
-Culture

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 2. Safety Management Systems

Models of Safety Management Systems (by Cpt. Michael Barr)

Normal Model

-Lip service to the safety program

-Slogans and gimmicks
-“Do as I say, not as I do”
-Safety solves all safety problems

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 2. Safety Management Systems
Models of Safety Management Systems (by Cpt. Michael Barr)

World Model
-Supervision
-Accountable
-Encourage participation
-Recognize good performance
-Ability to manage change
-Management style
-Culture
-Poster
-Accident investigation
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18
 2. Safety Management Systems

Six Point Safety Program proposed by IATA

(by Cpt. Eduardo Chacin)

-Safety Audit – IOSA (IATA Operational Safety Audit)

-Infrastructure to Safety
-Safety Data Management and Analysis (FOQA, FDM)
-Safety Training
-Cabin Safety
-Cargo Safety

(Click here)
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3. Safety Management System
in Operators Focus
 3. SMS in Operators Focus
Flight Safety System
(by Cpt. Rocky - TAM)

CRISIS
FAMILY
MANAGEMENT
ASSISTANCE

FILGHT SAFETY SYSTEM

COMM
BASIS

FOQA

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 3. SMS in Operators Focus
Reporting Data Collection System - BASIS
(by Cpt. Rocky - TAM)

British Airways Safety Information System

-Events information collection
(Click here) -Network reports
-Set out for responsible area
-Interconnected with IATA
-Monitoring

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 3. SMS in Operators Focus
Flight Operations Quality Assurance (FOQA)
(by Cpt. Rocky - TAM)
-Data provided by QAR (Quick Access Recorder)
-Record of flight parameters to identify deviations of
normal operations
-Engineering data analysis
-Crew feedback, flight (errors) visualization
-Significative reduction of events after implementation
-Audits
-Investigation

(Click here)

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 3. SMS in Operators Focus
Communications
(by Cpt. Rocky - TAM)

-Safety Culture ≠ Safety Program

-Non reprisal policy to encourage reports
-Crew training
-Publications
-Conferences, seminars
-Alert bulletins
-Flight Safety site
-Multipliers

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 3. SMS in Operators Focus
Ways to estabilish defenses
(by Cpt. Bertand – Air France)

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4. Safety Management System
in Manufaturer Focus
 4. SMS in Manufacturer Focus
General Views
(by Cpt. Kwork Chan – Airbus)

-Safety starts with design and testing. The tools available

to provide safety can be:

- Technology
- Crew training
- Quality control
- Continued airworthiness
- Extensive Testing Programs

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 4. SMS in Manufacturer Focus
General Views – Swiss Cheese Model
(by Cpt. Kwork Chan – Airbus)

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 4. SMS in Manufacturer Focus
Design for Safety Philosophy
(by Cpt. Kwork Chan – Airbus)

-Technology improvements to prevent accidents (Highlight: Fly-

by-wire, HUD, automatic functions)
-Design inserts from crew feedback
-Design for Human Factors
-Confidential Reporting System

-All areas are involved with the reports, including Flight Test
-Provides feedback on:
-Design
-Operations
-Training
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5. FUTURE
 5. Future
-Flight Safety/Operation Audits Unification.

- The IOSA will be an unificated audit process to the

operators starting from 2005.

-More automated aircrafts with new issues, as

automatic pull-up, HUD as a commom cockpit item,
vertical profile vizualization.

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6. CONCLUSION
 6. Conclusion
-Many aircraft operators and the two biggest
manufaturers have a structured flight safety management
system.
-All showed companies follow the safety program
suggested by IATA.
-The presented policy cultivates the introduction of
Safety Culture, instead Safety Programs.
- Both operators and manufaturers follow:
-The Basis™ report aquisition system
-Data aquisition and analysis program (FOQA, FDM)
-Concern to introduce Safety Culture using tools as
training, seminars and accontable involvment.
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Thanks for your attention.
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