World General Knowledge

PMA LONG COURSE

 Commonwealth of Nations
• Headquarters: London, UK
• Official language: English
• Head of the Commonwealth: Queen Elizabeth II
• The Commonwealth of Nations, normally
referred to as the Commonwealth and formerly
known as the British Commonwealth, is an
intergovernmental organisation of 54
independent member states.
• Pakistan Joined Commonwealth in 1947 (left in
1972, rejoined in 1989)
 European Union (EU)
• The European Union (EU) is an economic and
political union of 27 member states that are
located primarily in Europe.
• It was established on 7th Feb,1992 and became
effective on 1st Nov,1993
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

• Formation: 4 April 1949

• Headquarters: Brussels, Belgium
• Membership: 28 states
 Arab League
• The League of Arab States commonly called
the Arab League is a regional organization of
Arab states in and around North Africa and
Southwest Asia. It was formed in Cairo on 22
March 1945. Currently, the League has 22
members.
 Association of Southeast Asian Nations
(ASEAN)
• The Association of Southeast Asian Nations of
ten countries located in Southeast Asia, which
was formed on 8 August 1967 by Indonesia,
Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and
Thailand. Since then, membership has
expanded to include Brunei, Burma
(Myanmar), Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam.
 G8 countries
• List of G8 summits has developed as a series
of annual events since 1975.
• The Group of Eight (G8) is a forum for the
governments of the world's eight wealthiest
Western countries. (United States of America,
Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia,
UK)
 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting
Countries (OPEC)
• OPEC is an intergovernmental organization (12
Members)that was created at the Baghdad
Conference on September 10-14 1960, by Iraq,
Kuwait, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. Later it
was joined by nine more governments: Libya,
United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Indonesia, Algeria,
Nigeria, Ecuador, Angola, and Gabon. OPEC was
headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland before
moving to Vienna, Austria, on September 1,
1965.
 Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
(SEATO)
• The South East Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)
was an international organization for collective
defense in Southeast Asia created by the
Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty, or
Manila Pact, signed in September 1954 in Manila,
Philippines.
• The organization's headquarters were also in
Bangkok. Eight members joined the organization.
• SEATO was dissolved on 30 June 1977 after many
members lost interest and withdrew.
International Committee of the Red Cross

• The International Committee of the Red Cross

(ICRC) is a humanitarian institution based in
Geneva, Switzerland
• The ICRC is based in Geneva, Switzerland and
was founded in 1863.
 The Asian Development Bank (ADB)
• The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is a
regional development bank established on 22
August 1966 to facilitate economic
development of countries in Asia.
• Formation: 22 August 1966
• Headquarters: Manila, Philippines
• Membership: 67 countries
 South Asian Association for Regional
Cooperation (SAARC)
• The South Asian Association for Regional
Cooperation (SAARC) is an organisation of
South Asian nations, which was established on
8 December 1985
• Its seven founding members are Sri Lanka,
Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and
Bangladesh. Afghanistan joined the
organization in 2007.
• It is headquartered in Kathmandu, Nepal.
 Economic Cooperation Organization
(ECO). Formally RCD
• The organization was founded by Turkey, Iran
and Pakistan (Establishment: 1985 AS RCD).
ECO's Charter was signed on 15 March 1995 in
Islamabad, Pakistan.
• The Treaty of Izmir signed in 1977 as the legal
framework for the RCD and later adopted as
the basic Charter of ECO
• Headquarter: Tehran, Iran
• Membership: 10 member states
 The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
(OIC)
• The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) is an
international organisation consisting of 57 member
states
• OIC was set up in Rabat, Morocco in September 25,1969
in reaction to an attack against AL AQSA Mosque.
• The official languages of the OIC are Arabic, English and
French.
• The OIC Name and Logo had changed during the 38th
Council of Foreign Ministers meeting (CFM) in Astana,
Kazakhstan in June 2011 to Organization of Islamic
Cooperation (Previously Organization of the Islamic
Conference)
 Central Treaty Organization (CENTO)
• The Central Treaty Organization (also referred
to as CENTO (Central Eastern Treaty
Organization); original name was Middle East
Treaty Organization or METO (also known as
the Baghdad Pact) was formed in 1955 by Iran,
Iraq, Pakistan, Turkey, and the United
Kingdom. It was dissolved in 1979.
• Headquarters: Ankara
• Members: 5 states.
 Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
(CTBT)
• The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
(CTBT) bans all nuclear explosions in all
environments, for military or civilian purposes.
It was adopted by the United Nations General
Assembly on 10 September 1996
 Developing 8 Countries
• The Developing 8 (D-8 or Developing Eight)
are a group of developing countries with large
Muslim populations that have formed an
economic development alliance. It consists of
Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia,
Nigeria, Pakistan, and Turkey.
• The 8th summit was held on 21 November
2012 in Pakistan hosted by Raja Pervaiz Ashraf
(Islamabad)
 The Treaty of Versailles
• The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace
treaties at the end of World War I. It ended
the state of war between Germany and the
Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919