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BST Valuation and Litigation Advisors, LLC
26 Computer Drive W.
Albany, NY 12205
(800) 724-6700
www.bstadvisors.com
CA
UT
ION
Litigation Support
Business Valuations
Investigative Accounting
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BST Valuation & Litigation Advisors 24
Vendor File Does Not Contain an
Address
Digital Analysis
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9 8
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79 1 9
8 4
56 7 4 2 7 3 5
5
8 9
95 2
4
9 2 1
5 9 7
6 1
1
5 6 1 9 2 6 3 8 3 7
9 8 4 3 2 47 2
1 4 9 6 4 4 5
3 8 1
13 3 5 1 6 88 1
3 1 8 2
9 8 1 2 4
8 5 7 8 3 7 7 4 9
1 9 46 3 2 8 9 5 3
BST Valuation & Litigation Advisors
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Benford’s Law
Multi digit numbers beginning with 1, 2 or 3 appear
more frequently than multi digit numbers beginning
with 4, 5, 6, etc.
The frequency of which these digits appear in nature
was published in “The Law of Anomalous Numbers
1st digit
1. 30%
2. 18%
3. 12%
4. 10%
5. 8%
6 7%
7%
6%
5%
4%
3%
2%
1%
0%
10
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30
35
40
45
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BST Valuation & Litigation Advisors 30
Caution
Does not work with Lottery
May not work for certain types of expenses in which
documentation is not required for expenses under a
certain category.
Authorization Levels.
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BST Valuation & Litigation Advisors 32
Vendors With The Same
Federal I.D. Number
Check # Check Date Vendor Name Federal I.D. # System Check Formula
1001 1/3/2004 ABC Co. 147769783 1 =IF(D4=D5,1,"")
1006 1/8/2004 W W GRAINGER 147769783
1005 1/13/2004 OK DEPT OF TAX 147769900
1007 1/18/2004 LJC LIGHTING SUPPLY 148102746
1002 1/23/2004 SCHINDLER ELEV 148199941
1008 1/28/2004 CLERK, DC SUPERIOR CT 148532904
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BST Valuation & Litigation Advisors 33
Employee Analysis