DUG30023 GREEN TECHNOLOGY COMPLIANCE

Lecturer’s name: Puan Fairuz Sofia Kaharuddin

NAME MATRIC NUMBER

Nursyafiqa binti Rosman 15DPM20F1015

Nur Nilam Sari binti Mohd Suhaimi 15DPM20F1018

Nur Natasha binti Mohd Idris 15DPM20F1022

Maizatul Naimah binti Abdul Razak 15DPM20F1025

Siti Rohani binti Hamidin 15DPM20F1026

Raidah binti Mohamad Shahrun 15DPM20F1027

Nurin Damia binti Shazril Yusdi 15DPM20F1037

Renewable energy
 Renewable energy
• Energy that is collected form renewable resources
that are naturally replenished on human timescale

• Includes sources such as:

Movement of Geothermal
sunlight wind
water heat
Types of renewable energy
Thermal utilization

Solar heat

Biomass energy

Use of temperature differences

Use of snow and cryogenic energy

 Types of renewable energy
Power generation

Wind power generation

Biomass power generation

Micro and medium hydroelectric power generation

Ground heat power generation

• Less global warming
• Improved public health Positive impact
• Inexhaustible energy
• Stabilize energy proces
Snow-And-Ice Cryogenic Energy
 b. Biomass Energy

Organic which is material from living organism used to fuel electric

generators and other machinery.

Types of Biomass
Crops Wood Landfill gas

Garbage Alcohol fuels

 Biomass contains energy from the sun

Plant absorb the sun’s Convert carbon dioxide

energy through and water into
photosynthesis carbohydrate

Energy from these organism can be transformed

into usable energy through direct and indirect
means:

Biomass can be converted into Biomass can be burned to

electricity (direct) create heat (direct)

Biomass can be processed

into biofuel (indirect)
Cycle of Biomass
Energy
(C) Wind Power Generation

Converting
Getting the into electrical Having a
electrical energy by the smaller
Sustainable
energy by generator impact on the
and
converting and environment
renewable
wind energy traditionally compared to
energy.
into rotating method such burning
energy. as milling or fossil fuels.
pumping.
HOW DOES WIND TURBINE
GENERATE ELECTRICITY ?
 (d) Photovoltaic Power Generation
Method for generating electric power by
using solar cells.

Convert energy from sun into flow of

electrons by the photovoltaic effect.

PV installations:
Ground-mounted, Rooftop mounted, Wall
mounted & Floating

PV can be fixed or use solar tracker.

Advantages:
i. Operation generate no pollution
ii. No greenhouse gas emissions
Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant
 Energy Utilization
Can lead to new potentially more efficient ways using electricity in industrial
and transportation
 Energy Utilization
Entropy and the
efficiency of heat Energy storage
engines

Fuel cells Energy and materials

Cogeneration Systems efficiency

 Entropy and the efficiency of heat engines

● Entropy is one of the thermodynamic quantities

● In thermodynamics a heat engine is a system that converts heat into mechanical

energy or known as kinetic energy

● entropy only goes one way (not a reversible process)

 Fuel cells
● purpose of a fuel cell is to produce an electrical
current that can be directed outside the cell to do work
● fuel cell is composed of an anode, cathode, and an
electrolyte membrane
● hydrogen through the anode and oxygen through the
cathode
 Cogeneration
● Cogeneration or combined heat and power is the on-site
generation of electricity from waste heat.
● generating electricity from coal, natural gas or nuclear
 Energy storage
● is a fundamental pillar of the energy transition
● allowing flexible renewable energy production
and guaranteeing its integration into the grid
● Electricity can be easily generated, transported
and transformed
● until now it has not been possible to store it in a
practical, easy and cost-effective way
 Energy and materials
● define any material which can react to release energy
● Energy materials are a class of materials with high amount of stored
chemical energy that can be released
● Energy materials encompass a broad class of materials that may have
applications in energy conversion or transmission.
● energy materials can play a role in reducing the power consumption or
efficiency of existing devices
 System efficiency
● If the energy system is effective, it is making use of this energy
towards the right goal
● for example, a car is a very effective form of transportation,
since it is able to move people across long distances and to
specific places. However, a car may not transport people very
efficiently because of how it uses fuel
 INDUSTRY SUB SECTORS
In industry, the energy is
• Used by machines and processes to produce a product.
• Industrial energy-consuming systems:
 Boiler
 Other fired systems (furnace, kilns, incinerators,
dryers)
 Compressed air system
 Electric motors system
 Lighting system
• Used to heat or cool the buildings and to provide hot water
and other facilities
• Comes in the form of fossil fuels (oil, coal, and natural gas)
and electricity.
a) Energy efficiency
• Less energy consumption to perform the
same task.
• Bring many benefits:
• Reducing greenhouse gas
emissions
• Reducing demand for energy
imports
• Lowering our cost on a household
and economy-wide level
• Cheapest and most immediate
• Example:
• refrigerator saves electricity
 b) Fuel switching

• Replace inefficient fuels with cleaner and

economical alternatives
• Substituting coal or kerosene for natural gas
• Benefit:
• Reducing energy consumption
• Long-term energy cost savings
• Performance improvement
• Reduce carbon emissions
 c) Energy Recovery
Any technique or method of minimizing the input of energy to an overall
system by the exchange of energy from one sub-system of the overall
system with another
Example:
• Rainwater catchment to reduce water consumption
• Looking for electrical appliances labeled (5 stars)
d) Renewable Energy

 Comes from sources or processes that are constantly

replenished
 Embraces a range of sub-sectors
 Dominated by:
● Photovoltaic solar (47%)
● Wind power (34%)
● Hydropower (15.5%)
● Bioenergy
● Geothermal energy
 Photovoltaic Solar

Global electricity power 849.5 GW (2021)

generation capacity
Global electricity power 26% (2012-2021)
generation capacity annual
growth rate
The largest location in Danau Tok Uban, Kelantan
Malaysia
 Wind Power
Global electricity power 824.9 GW (2021)
generation capacity
Global electricity power 13% (2012-2021)
generation capacity annual
growth rate
The largest location in Pulau perhentian,
Malaysia Terengganu
 Hydropower
Global electricity power 1230.0 GW (2021)
generation capacity
Global electricity power 2.5% (2012-2021)
generation capacity annual
growth rate
The largest location in Tasik Chenderoh, Kuala
Malaysia Kangsar
 Bioenergy

Global electricity power 143.4 GW (2021)

generation capacity
Global electricity power 7.1% (2012-2021)
generation capacity annual
growth rate
The largest location in Pusat Biokomposit & Gentian
Malaysia (FIDEC), Banting
 Geothermal Energy

Global electricity power 15.6 GW (2021)

generation capacity
Global electricity power 4.5% (2012-2021)
generation capacity annual
growth rate
The largest location in Apas Kiri, Tawau
Malaysia
e) Material Efficiency

Description or metric which express the

degree in which raw material are
consumed ,incorporated or wasted

Motivation for material efficiency include

reducing energy demand,reducing the
emissions
3R Kayu Hoki

Nippon Paint
VirusGuard
f) Carbon Sequestration

Process of capturing and storing (CCS) atmosphere

carbon dioxide

The goal of reducing global climate change

With very large volumes of emissions such as power

plants and some industrial facilities
THANK YOU