Anglo-Maratha War

Fedona
Trisha
Swarniwma
The Marathas
A group of people who were
successful in carving out a powerful
regional kingdom through prolonged
and sustained the opposition to the
Mughals

YEAR: 2023
ROLE: Trisha
The Decline of the largest empire
During the 18th CE
From the late 18th CE the EEIC tried to curb the power of the Marathas. The Marathas were
recovering from the 3rd battle of Panipat. They were a possible alternative to the Mughals.
There were 5 Maratha chiefs:
• The Peshwas
• The Gaekwads
• Holkars
• Bhonsles
• Scindias
YEAR: 2023
ROLE: Fedona
 The 1st Anglo-Maratha War
After the death of the 5th Peshwa, his uncle Raghunath Rao wanted to ascend the throne. In
order to do so he joined hands with EEIC. This was opposed by the other Maratha chiefs.
Consequently, a war took place it ended with the TREATY OF SALBAI (1782). After the 1 st
war Raghunath Rao was installed as the Peshwa.

YEAR: 2023
ROLE: Trisha
 The 2nd Anglo-Maratha War
Peshwa Baji Rao II, the son of Raghunath Rao, lived under the shadow of his father. He was hated b
the Maratha Chiefs and regarded as ‘l.a traitor. In the Battle of Poona, October 1802, he was defeate
by Yashwant Rao Holkar, the Maratha ruler of Indore. The Peshwa fled to the British for protection
and signed the Treaty of Bassein. He ceded territory for the maintenance of a subsidiary force and
agreed to cooperate with no other power. The Scindias and Bhonsles were also defeated by the
British. In 1803, Raghoji Bhonsle II of Nagpur and Daulat Rao Scindia of Gwalior signed a Treaty
with the British. Thus, the British became masters of Cuttack, the Ganga-Yamouna doab, the Delhi-
Agra region, and parts of Bundelkhand.

YEAR: 2023
ROLE: Swarnima
 The 3rd Anglo-Maratha War
It started in 1817 with the invasion of Maratha Territory by The British troops. The stated purpose of
this attack was to take action against the Pindaris a band of robbers from central India.

The Peshwa supported by the Bhonsles and the Holkar rulers rose up against the British. A series of
defeats broke up the Maratha Empire and ended Maratha independence. The Peshwa was defeated
and forced to flee. Once captured, he was placed on a small estate with a pension and most of his
territory was annexed to the Bombay presidency

YEAR: 2023
ROLE: Fedona
 The 3rd Anglo-Maratha War
Other powerful Maratha chiefs like the Holkars of Indore, the Scindias of the Gwalior and the
Bhonsles of Nagpur were also subjugated. The Maratha kingdoms of Nagpur and Indore became a
part of the British Empire. After the end of the 3rd Anglo- Maratha war (1819), Maratha power ende
and the Company controlled the entire area south of the Vindhyas.

Poona was no longer the seat power of the Peshwa. In fact, the title of Peshwa, the traditional head o
the Marathas was abolished. Peshwa Bajirao's territories were annexed to the British Empire. The
other Maratha chiefs had to sign the Subsidiary Alliance treaty.

YEAR: 2023
ROLE: Fedona
 Thank you!
We hope that now the concept is clear to you.