WELCOME TO

SCIENCE
CLASS
 REVIEW: Evidences of Evolution
1. Fossils
Why are fossils important
evidence of evolution?

Fossils are important evidence

for evolution because they show
that life on earth was once
different from life found on
earth today.
Comparative Anatomy is the study of similarities
and differences in the anatomy of different species.
Embryology refers to similarities in
Early Development
Theories of LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Evolution Explain the occurrence of evolution
according to Lamarck’s ideas.

Explain the occurrence of evolution

according to Darwin’s ideas.

Explain the occurrence of evolution by

comparing the ideas of Lamarck and
Darwin.
 Theories of Evolution
Evolution, or change over time, is the process by which modern
organisms have descended from ancient organisms.
A scientific theory is a well-supported testable explanation of
phenomena that have occurred in the natural world.

Jean Baptiste Lamarck Charles Darwin

LAMARCK’S THEORY OF EVOLUTION
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, 1809
One Of 1st scientists to
understand that change occurs
over time.

Stated that changes are

adaptations to the environment
acquired in an organism’s
lifetime.

Said acquired changes were

passed to offspring
 The first is the
theory of need.

new needs arise in According to him organisms

animals as a result of change in response to their
a change in the environment. The ability of
organisms to survive has
environment. helped them to adapt to the
environment in which they
live.
Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution
English naturalist, geologist , and
biologist, best known for his
contributions to evolutionary biology.
His proposition that all species of life
have descended from
common ancestors is now widely
accepted and considered a
fundamental concept in science.

Wrote a book “On the Origins of

Species by Means of Natural
Proposed the theory of biological Selection”, published in 1859.
evolution by natural selection.
Natural Selection

The Four Principles of Natural Selection:

1. There is variation in species.

2. Variations can be inherited.

3. Individuals have more offspring that can survive on available

resources.

4. Traits that increase survival are more likely to be passed on

Summary of Darwin’s Theory
Individuals best suited for the environment survive a
Individuals in nature differ from one another
reproduce most successful

Organisms in nature produce more offspring than can Species change over time.
survive, and many of those who do not survive do not
reproduce.
Species alive today descended with modification
from species that lived in the past
Because more organisms are produce than can
survive, each species must struggle for resources

All organisms on earth are united into a single family

tree of life by common descent
Each organism is unique, each has advantages and
disadvantages in the struggle for existence.
 Lamarck’s
By analyzing the picture below
-giraffe’s stretched their necks in order to
compare the theories of Lamarck and reach the leaves in trees to eat (Theory of
Darwin. need and Use and Disuse)
The stretched neck acquired throughout a
Darwin’s parent’s life was passed on to its offspring
In the beginning, there are giraffes with ( theory of acquired characteristics)
short necks and long necks.
The long-necked giraffes could reach the
food easier while short-necked giraffes
could not. The short-necked giraffes died
due to starvation.
The long-necked giraffes produced more
giraffes with long necks, and eventually
all giraffes has long necks.