PARTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A

MICROSCOPE
Jayrone Dale Domingo
Tanishka Shivnani
Eliessa Esquero
What are Microscopes?
A microscope is an instrument that can be used
to observe small objects, even cells. The image
of an object is magnified through at least one
lens in the microscope. This lens bends light
toward the eye and makes an object appear
larger than it actually is.
What is the function of microscope?
A microscope is an essential tool to see
microorganisms that are too small to be seen
by the naked eye. In order to use your
microscope effectively and efficiently in your
daily routine, it is necessary that you become
familiar with the major sections of the
microscope.
Ocular Lens –

The ocular lens magnifies the image

produced by the objective so that the
microscope user can see it.
Diopter Adjustment The diopter
adjustment allows you to customize the
viewfinder so that you can see a clear,
focused image inside the viewfinder
without using eyeglasses or contact
lenses to correct your vision.
Nosepiece-

Nosepiece holds the objective lenses &

attaches them to the microscope head. This
part rotates to change which objective lens
is active.
Objective lenses-

Objective lenses these are the primary

lenses employed for specimen
visualization. They have a 40x–100x
magnification range. One microscope has
one to four objective lenses, some of
which are forward-facing and others rear-
facing. The magnification power of each
lens varies.
Arm-

It joins the base to the head and the

eyepiece tube to the base. It supports the
microscope’s head and is also used for
carrying the instrument.
Stage clip-

Stage clips hold the slides in place. If your

microscope has a mechanical stage, you
will be able to move the slide around by
turning two knobs. One moves it left and
right, the other moves it up and down.
Aperture-

It is a hole in stage, which is located below

the objective lenses. In a microscope, the
aperture is an adjustable opening that
controls the amount of light that passes
through the condenser and illuminates the
specimen being viewed.
Mechanical Stage-

The mechanical stage in a microscope is a

mechanism that's been mounted on the
stage to hold the microscope slide in order
to hold it steady and to reposition it when
needed.
Diaphragm

The role of the diaphragm is to stop the passage of

light, except for the light passing through the
aperture. Thus, it is also called a stop (an aperture
stop, if it limits the brightness of light reaching the
focal plane, or a field stop, or flare stop for other
uses of diaphragms in lenses).

Condenser

On upright microscopes, the condenser is located

beneath the stage and serves to gather wavefronts
from the microscope light source and concentrate
them into a cone of light that illuminates the
specimen with uniform intensity over the entire
view field.
Illuminator

There is an illuminator built into the base

of most microscopes. The purpose of the
illuminator is to provide even, high
intensity light at the place of the field
aperture, so that light can travel through
the condenser to the specimen.
COARSE ADJUSTMENT KNOB —

A rapid control which allows for quick

focusing by moving the objective lens or
stage up and down. It is used for initial
focusing

FINE ADJUSTMENT KNOB — A slow

but precise control used to fine focus the
image when viewing at the higher
magnifications.

Stage Controls - controls located

underneath the stage of a microscope that
allows the movement of the stage back and
forth in order to allow examination of a
microscope slide.
Base-
It serves as a support for microscopes.
Microscope illuminators are also carried by it.

Brightness adjustment-
The microscope rheostat control can be found
on the side of the compound microscope body.
It will typically be a knob that is turned
clockwise in order to increase the light
intensity, or counter-clockwise to reduce the
light.

Light switch-It provides stability for the

microscope. Illuminator, light switches, and
electrical wiring system are fitted in the base.
Light Switch is an electrical control device.
Light switches are used to on and off the
illuminator
Thank
You