Presentation on Anchor

block

SOURCE: GOOGLE
1.Introduction
 An anchor block is an encasement of a penstock designed to fix the
penstock and to restrain the pipe movement in all directions.
 Anchor blocks should be placed at all horizontal and vertical bends.
 Anchor blocks are required to resist axial forces in long straight
sections of penstock.
2.Location of anchor blocks

 At horizontal and vertical bends of the penstock.

 Immediately upstream of the powerhouse.
 At the sections of the penstock where the straight line length
exceeds 30m.
 At the connection of forebay pool and pressure pipe.
3.Design procedure of anchor block
 The design of anchor block requires resolving some common
forces.
 First the structures are tentatively sized and then various forces act
that act on them are resolved.
 The minimum calculated block size that is safe against bearing,
sliding and overturning is accepted.
4.Design steps on anchor block

1.
5.Construction of anchor blocks

 Anchor blocks are usually constructed of 1:3:6 concrete with 40% plums and
nominal reinforcement.
 Hoop reinforcement is required around the pipe to resist cracking of concrete due to
tensile forces from the pipe.
 The hoop bars should be approximately 150mm clear of the pipe and should extend
to 100mm from the base.
 If the reinforcement is inadequate, the block can crack.
 For downward bends, the anchor block is mainly in compression, therefore load
bearing structure can be considered if cost can be brought down.
 Composite anchor blocks can also be considered to save cost.
Construction of anchor block contd…

 Foundation parts and central portion of the block can be made of 1:1.5:3
reinforced concrete and outer portion of the block can be made of stone masonry
in 1:4 mortar.
 The cement requirement for plum concrete and cement masonry are as follows:

a. 1:3:6 concrete with 40% plums: 132kg of cement per m3 of block volume.
b. 1:1.5:3 concrete: 400kg of cement per m3
c. Stone masonry in 1:4 cement mortar: 159kg of cement per m3.

 Both plain concrete or stone masonry blocks should be cured.

Thank you