Professional Documents
Culture Documents
04/06/2024 1
Nutrition Intervention (cont’d...)
Nutrition Intervention: is defined as purposefully
planned actions intended to:
Positively change a nutrition-related behaviour or
environmental condition, for an individual, target
group, or the community at large.
Corrective measure that is undertaken to resolve
nutritional problem
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Nutrition Intervention (cont’d...)
• Nutrition intervention is directed at the etiologic or
causes of a diagnosis (nutrition problem)
• In the Ethiopian context, the commonest nutritional
problems are deficiency diseases
• Nutrition intervention consists of two components:
Planning
Implementation
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General principles of nutrition intervention
• Should consider the conceptual framework (layers of
causes and life cycle wise)
• Should integrate long term and short term intervention
• Every sector is responsible (multi-sectoral intervention)
• Should consider sustainability and participation of the
beneficiaries
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I. Preventive nutrition interventions
• Diversified consumption
food groups
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TFP at Community Based Therapeutic Care (CTC)
• A new approach (2003/4) to alleviate acute malnutrition
in emergencies
– Aim to treat malnourished people in a timely, effective and cost
efficient manner.
– CTC assists the majority of people suffering from acute
malnutrition in their homes.
– It integrates supplementary and therapeutic feeding, hygiene and
health promotion.
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The core principles of CTC are:
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Essential Nutrition Actions (ENAs)
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1. Promotion of Breastfeeding
Key messages
• Timely initiation of breastfeeding (1 hour of birth)
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Observe for signs of milk transfer
• Sustained suck/swallow pattern with occasional pauses
• Audible swallowing
• Relaxed arms and hands
• Moist mouth
• Satisfied after feeding
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Breastfeeding
Costs less than artificial feeding
Nutrients in human and animal milks
Fat
Protein
Lactose
Differences in the quality of proteins in different milks
Whey protein
Curds
Foremilk Hindmilk
Fat
Protein
Lactose
• Emotional bonding
– close, loving relationship between mother and baby
– mother more emotionally satisfied
– baby cries less
– baby may be more emotionally secure
• Development
– children perform better on intelligence tests
Disadvantages of artificial feeding
• Obesity
• If the infant has not fed in the previous hour, ask the mother to put her
infant to the breast.
Key messages:
• Introduce e complementary foods at 6 months
• Continue breastfeeding until 24 months & more
• Increase the number of feeding with age
• Increase density, quantity and variety with age
• Responsive feeding
• Ensure good hygiene (use clean water, food and utensils)
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Complementary Feeding
800
Energy (kcal/day)
600
Energy from
400 breast milk
200
0
0-2 m 3-5 m 6-8 m 9- 12-23 m
11 m
Age (months)
Stomach size
Gap for iron
birth
stores
Iron from
0.4 breast
milk
0
0-2 m 3-5 m 6-8 m 9-11 m 12-23 m
Age (months)
30/5
300
Vitamin A
from
200 birth
stores
Vitamin A
100 from breast
milk
0
0-2 m 3-5 m 6-8 m 9-11 m 12-23 m
Age (months)
3. Feeding of the sick child
Key messages:
• Increase breastfeeding and complementary feeding
during and after illness
• Appropriate Therapeutic Feeding.
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Feeding during recovery
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5. Control of vitamin-A deficiency
Key messages:
Promote breastfeeding: source of vitamin A
Vitamin A rich foods
Maternal supplementation
Child supplementation
Food fortification
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6. Control of anemia
Key messages:
Supplementation of women and children
De-worming for pregnant women and children (twice/year)
Malaria control
Iron rich foods
Fortifications
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Contact points for application of the ENAs
• There are six critical contact points in the lifecycle
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2. Delivery
Safe delivery
EBF
Vitamin A, Iron/Folic Acid
Diet, FP and STI
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Thank you