CCS332 App Development

UNIT-III

HYBRID APP
 Hybrid app
A hybrid app is a versatile solution in the
realm of mobile applications, bridging the gap
between native and web-based approaches.

Developed using a combination of web

technologies like HTML, CSS, and
JavaScript, hybrid apps are then
encapsulated within a native container.
BENEFITS OF HYBRID APP
Hybrid apps offer several benefits due to their
unique combination of web and native
technologies.
 Cross-Platform Development:
 Faster Development:
 Code Reusability:
 Easy Updates:
 Wider Reach:
 Cost-Effectiveness:
 Web Technology Knowledge:
 Access to Device Features:
 Offline Support:
 Third-Party Libraries:
Criteria for creating hybrid app
Creating a hybrid app involves combining elements of both
native and web applications.

 Target Platforms:
 Development Speed:
 Cost Efficiency:
 Access to Device Features:
 UI/UX Complexity:
 Performance:
 Offline Functionality:
 Maintenance:
 App Store Approval:
 Development Team Skills:
 User Experience:
 Security:
 Tools for creating hybrid app
 Tools commonly used for creating hybrid apps: Hybrid mobile app
development tools
 React Native
 Xamarin
 Ionic
 Flutter
 NativeScript
 Framework7
 Onsen UI
 Kendo

 Frameworks:
 Integrated Development Environments(IDEs):
 Build Tools:
 Testing Tools:
 Version Control:
 Package Managers:
 UI Libraries:
 Cons of hybrid app
Cons associated with hybrid app development:
 Performance: Hybrid apps generally exhibit
slightly slower performance
 User Experience: While hybrid apps have
improved over time
 Limited Native Functionality:
 UI and Design Constraints: Creating intricate and
platform-specific UI designs can be challenging in
hybrid app development
 App Store Approval: Some hybrid apps might
face challenges when trying to meet the strict
guidelines of app stores like the Apple App Store.
 Dependency on Third-Party Frameworks: Many hybrid app frame
works rely on third- party libraries and plugins for various
functionalities.
 Limited Offline Functionality: While hybrid apps can work offline to
some extent using technologies
 Updates and Compatibility: Hybrid apps need to be compatible with
various OS versions and browser versions
 Debugging Complexity: Debugging hybrid apps can be more
complex due to the integration of web technologies
 Limited Access to Latest Features:
 Security Concerns: Depending on the framework and plugins used
 Long-Term Scalability: As apps grow in complexity and user base
 App Store Approval Process: Some app stores might have stricter
review processes for hybrid apps
 Customization Challenges: Implementing highly customized UI
components or animations
Popular hybrid app development frame works:

Hybrid app development frameworks have

transformed the way developers create mobile
applications by enabling them to build apps
that work across multiple platforms using a
single codebase.
 React Native: React Native, developed by
Face book
 Flutter: Developed by Google
 Ionic: Ionic is a popular open-source hybrid
app development framework that uses web
technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
 Xamarin: Xamarin, now owned by Microsoft,
empowers developers to build hybrid apps
using the C# programming language
and .NET framework.

 PhoneGap (Apache Cordova): PhoneGap,

now known as Apache Cordova, is one of the
early players in the hybrid app development
landscape.
 Ionic
 Ionic is a powerful hybrid app development
framework that allows developers to create
cross-platform mobile applications using web
technologies such as HTML, CSS, and
JavaScript.

 It provides tools, components, and libraries

that facilitate the process of building apps that
work seamlessly on both iOS and Android
devices.
 Key Features of Ionic
 UI Components and Themes:
Ionic provides a comprehensive library of pre-designed UI components
 Cross-Platform Compatibility:
One of Ionic's core strength is sits ability to create apps that run on multiple
platforms with a single codebase.
 Cordova Plugins Integration:
Ionic seamlessly integrates with Cordova plugins, enabling access to native
device features like camera, geo location, storage, and more.
 Ionic CLI (Command Line Interface): The Ionic CLI offers a set of commands
that simplify various development tasks, such as generating components,
building, and deploying the app.
 Ionic Native:
Ionic Native is a set of wrappers for Cordova plugins that simplifies their
integration into Ionic apps.
 CSS Utility Classes:
Ionic's CSS utility classes enable developers to apply common styling
directly to HTML elements without writing custom CSS.
 Routing and Navigation: Ionic's built-in routing and navigation system
 Apache Cordova

Apache Cordova:
 Development framework that allows
developers to build cross-platform mobile
applications using web technologies such as
HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
 Cordova bridges the gap between web
applications and native mobile device
functionalities.
 Enabling developers to create apps that can
run on various platforms, including iOS,
Android, Windows, and more.
 Core Concepts of Cordova
 Hybrid Apps:
Cordova enables the creation of hybrid apps, which area
combination of web technologies and native device
capabilities.
 Web Technologies:
Cordova apps are built using standard web technologies such
as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
 Native Functionality:
Cordova provides a mechanism for accessing native device
features such as the camera, geo location, contacts, file
system, and more.
 Web Views:
Cordova uses native web views to display the user interface.
 Features of Cordova
 Cordova Plugins: Cordova's extensibility is a key feature.
 Platform Independence: Cordova apps are designed to
be cross-platform.
 Uniform Development Process: Cordova offers a unified
development process,
 Access to Device APIs: Through Cordova plugins,
developers can access various device APIs, including
camera, geo location, accelerometer, contacts, file
system, and more.
 Offline Capabilities: Cordova app scan leverage the
device's local storage capabilities, enabling them to work
offline and store data locally.
 Cordova Architecture
 Web View: The core of Cordova's architecture is the web view,
which is a native component that displays web content using
HTML, CSS, and Java Script.

 Java Script API: Cordova app sinter act with native device
features through Java Script APIs.

 Bridge: The bridge is a communication mechanism that

connects the JavaScript code running in the web view with the
native code.

 Native Code: Cordova plugins include native code written in

platform-specific languages (Java for Android,
Objective-C/Swift for iOS, etc.).

 Plugin Registry: Cordova maintains a plugin registry that