2nd Qtr –Nutrition For

Adolescents
• Nutrition during adolescents
• Nutritional guidelines
• Nutrition problems of adolescents
NUTRITION DURING
ADOLESCENCE
WHAT IS NUTRITION?

• It refers to the intake of food in relation to

the body’s dietary needs.
• Good nutrition depends on the
combination of food containing the
required nutrients that individuals should
take daily. Excessive or deficient intake of
necessary nutrients may lead to illness.
WHY IS PROPER NUTRITION
DURING ADOLESCENCE
IMPORTANT?

 The physical changes during adolescence

affect the body’s nutritional needs. These
changes demand for an increased
nutrients and energy. For boys, their
muscles mass increases while for girls
their body fat increases.
 Adolescents need extra calories and other
nutrients as they go through these physical
changes. It is also at this stage that they began to
engage in more physical activities which require
more energy.
 Proper nutrition is important during adolescence to
support growth and development and prevent adult
related diseases like osteoporosis, cardiovascular
diseases, and other nutrition-related diseases.
WHY ARE MANYADOLESCENTS
UNDERNOURISHED

 Many young Filipinos eat food that are less

nutritious. The common reason for this poor
food choices and intakes could be due to
influence of their friends and classmates
including the media
 Because of curiosity and inexperience, many
young people tend to eat the food they see on TV
commercials without considering its food
nutrients.
Other reasons that cold be linked to being
undernourished for many Filipino adolescents
are as follow:
1. Too conscious on the kinds and amounts of
food they eat
2. School canteen serve less nutritious food
3. Low intake of foods rich in vitamins and
minerals
4. Skipping meals, especially breakfast
5. Prefer to eat junk foods
6. Poor eating habits
NUTRITIONAL
GUIDELINES FOR
ADOLESCENTS
 \

Nutrients are substances in food

that provide body energy necessary
for growth and repair of cells. They
are vital in regulating certain body
processes
What are the six
essential nutrients?
1. CARBOHYDRATES
(macronutrients)
FUNCTION: main source of
energy

SOURCES: starch sources

(cereals, pasta, bread), sugars
(honey), fiber sources (fruits,
vegetables whole grain, rice
2.PROTEINS
(macronutrients)
FUNCTION: build and
repair of body tissues

SOURCES: meat, milk,

eggs, fish, nuts and
legumes
3.FATS
(macronutrients)

FUNCTION: Provide energy

& help absorb and transport
vitamins

SOURCES: cheese, butter,

nuts, meats dressings
4. WATER
(macronutrients)
FUNCTION: Removes
wastes and toxins from the
body, helps transport
nutrients, hydrates organs in
the body, and aids in
digestions
SOURCES: water, milk, fruits
and vegetables
5. VITAMINS
(micronutrients)
FUNCTION: regulate body
process and allow growth;
help with digestion,
absorption and metabolism

SOURCES: fruits and

vegetables
6. MINERAL
(micronutrients)
FUNCTION: helps regulate
body processes

SOURCES: fruits and

vegetables. Almost all food
that you eat contains traces of
minerals.
Essential nutrients required in
relatively large amounts, such as
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and
water are called the macronutrients.
Vitamins and minerals are called
micronutrients. They are needed by the
body only in very small amounts.
Although the body needs very small
amounts of these micronutrients, they
are necessary for normal body
functions.
Deficiency of these nutrients may
result to more serious health problems.
What nutrients do
you need as you
undergo changes
during adolescence?
1. CALCIUM
• It is needed to reach the largest
amount of bone tissue or what
we call peak bone mass.
• a balance diet including the
right amount of calcium delays
or limits the chances of having
osteoporosis.
• Adolescents need 1,000 ml of
calcium per day.
2. IRON
• Teenagers need additional
iron for the growth spurt.
• Girls at the onset or their
menstrual cycle need to
increase the required iron
intake. For 13-15 years old
of age, recommended iron
needs for boys is 20ml per
day while girls need 21ml.
3. PROTEIN
• Teenagers need lots of
bodybuilding food at this
period of accelerated
growth.
• Protein needs of
adolescents from 13-15
years of age is 71 grams
per day for boys and 63
grams for girls.
4. CARBOHYDRATES AND
FATS
• During adolescence,
boys need more energy
foods for increase
physical activities
compared to girls.
2,800 kilocalories for
50kg for boys; 2,250
kilocalories for 49ks for
girls.
5. VITAMINS
• Adolescents need small amounts of
vitamins for normal growth and activity
of the body.

6. MINERALS
• These elements promote chemical
reactions in the body and may form
part of many tissues.
NUTRITIONAL GUIDE
PYRAMID
It provides a framework that show how many
servings from each group are recommended each
day to meet the needs of Filipino children
NUTRITION PROBLEMS OF
ADOLESCENTS
Millions of people around the world suffer from
malnutrition and eating disorders. Many families
worldwide cannot afford or do not have enough
access to nutritious food due to poverty.
MALNUTRITION
Is any condition in which an
individual’s intake of nutrients is
inadequate, excessive, or imbalance.
WHAT ARE THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF
MALNUTRITION AMONG ADOLESCENTS?
1. Lower resistance to disease
2. Delay in growth and development
3. Poor performance in school
4. Sluggish and easily get tired
5. Poor health in adulthood
6. Increased risk of mortality
7. Delay in the development of secondary
sexual characteristics
TWO TYPES OF MALNUTRITION

1. PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION
(PEM)- is a form of malnutrition where
there is not enough protein and calorie
intake. This is a condition wherein the
body lacks the required macronutrients. A
child having low calorie and protein intake
may result to conditions called kwashiorkor
and marasmus.
TWO TYPES OF MALNUTRITION

2. MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCY- it is lack

or shortage of essential vitamins and mineral
for proper growth and development.
Deficiency od nutrients leads to different
health problems such as anemia, preventable
blindness, osteoporosis, goiter, and others.
Ways to prevent
malnutrition and
micronutrient
deficiencies
1. Food-based Strategies
A. FOOD FORTIFICATION- is a
process of adding vitamins and
minerals to regularly consumed food
products.
• This sign shows that
the food is fortified
with certain
micronutrients.
• The sign indicates that
the product was
fortified with vitamins
A, iron and Iodine.
B. Biofortification
• Is a process of developing
nutrient-dense staple crops
through breeding. Rice, corn and
other staple foods are engineered
to have greater amount of
nutrients
C. Dietary Diversity
• Is simply eating a variety of food
D. Dietary Supplement
• Is a product usually in capsule, tablet,
powder, or syrup that contains vitamins and
minerals intended to add nutritional values to
the diet.
2. Public Health Approaches
Education, disease control, socio-
economic and environmental aspects.
MINI TASK
Write down your food consumption for
one week you have to be truthful and
do the task seriously. At the end of the
week, make an assessment of your food
consumption.
DAY BREAKFAS LUNC DINNER SNACK FLUID
T H INTAKE