Because learning changes everything.

CHAPTER FIVE

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 SECTION 5.1 – MIS INFRASTRUCTURE.
• The Business Benefits of a Solid MIS
Infrastructure.
• Supporting Operations: Information MIS
Infrastructure.
• Supporting Change: Agile MIS Infrastructure.

CHAPTER FIVE
SECTION 5.2 – BUILDING SUSTAINABLE MIS OVERVIEW
INFRASTRUCTURES.
• MIS and the Environment.
• Supporting the Environment: Sustainable MIS
Infrastructure.
• Utility Computing.

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 SECTION 5.1: MIS
INFRASTRUCTURES

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 THE BUSINESS BENEFITS OF A SOLID MIS
INFRASTRUCTURE 1
MIS infrastructure – Includes the plans
for how a firm will build, deploy, use, and
share its data, processes, and MIS assets.

• Hardware.
• Software.
• Network.
• Client.
• Server.

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 THE BUSINESS BENEFITS OF A
SOLID MIS INFRASTRUCTURE 2

• Information MIS Infrastructure:

Supports Operations.

• Agile MIS Infrastructure: Supports

Change.

• Sustainable MIS infrastructure:

Supports the Environment.

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 SUPPORTING OPERATIONS: INFORMATION MIS
INFRASTRUCTURE
• Backup and recovery plan.

• Disaster recovery plan.

• Business continuity plan.

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 BACKUP AND RECOVERY PLAN 1
Backup – An exact copy of a system’s
information.

Recovery – The ability to get a system

up and running in the event of a system
crash or failure.

• Fault tolerance.
• Failover.
• Failback.

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 BACKUP AND RECOVERY PLAN 2
• Disaster recovery plan – A detailed process
for recovering information or an IT system in
the event of a catastrophic disaster such as a
fire or flood.

• Disaster recovery cost curve – Charts (1) the

cost to the organization of the unavailability
of information and technology and (2) the
cost to the organization of recovering from a
disaster over time.

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 BACKUP AND RECOVERY PLAN 3

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 BACKUP AND RECOVERY PLAN 4
• Hot site – A separate and fully equipped
facility where the company can move
immediately after a disaster and resume
business.

• Cold site – A separate facility that does

not have any computer equipment but is
a place where employees can move after
a disaster.

• Warm site – A separate facility with

computer equipment that requires
installation and configuration.

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 BUSINESS CONTINUITY PLAN 1
• Business continuity planning
(BCP) – A plan for how an
organization will recover and restore
partially or completely interrupted
critical function(s) within a
predetermined time after a disaster
or extended disruption.

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 BUSINESS CONTINUITY PLAN 2
• Emergency – a sudden unexpected event
requiring immediate action.

• Emergency preparedness – ensures a

company is ready to respond to an
emergency in an organized, timely, and
effective manner.

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 BUSINESS CONTINUITY PLAN 3

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 BUSINESS CONTINUITY PLAN 4
• Business impact analysis – Identifies all
critical business functions and the effect that a
specific disaster may have upon them.

• Technology failure – occurs when the ability

of a company to operate is impaired because
of a hardware, software, or data outage.

• Incident – Unplanned interruption of a

service.

• Incident management – the process

responsible for managing how incidents are
identified and corrected.

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 SUPPORTING CHANGE: AGILE MIS
INFRASTRUCTURE
Characteristics of an agile MIS
infrastructure.
• Accessibility.
• Availability.
• Maintainability.
• Portability.
• Reliability.
• Scalability.
• Usability

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 ACCESSIBILITY
• Accessibility – Refers to the varying
levels that define what a user can
access, view, or perform when
operating a system.

• Web accessibility – Allows people

with disabilities to use the Web.

• Administrator access – Unrestricted

access to the entire system.

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 AVAILABILITY
• Availability – Time frames when the
system is operational.

• Unavailable – Time frames when a

system is not operating and cannot be
used.

• High availability – System is

continuously operational at all times.

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 MAINTAINABILITY
• Maintainability – How quickly a system
can transform to support environmental
changes.

• Organizations must watch today’s

business, as well as tomorrows, when
designing and building systems.

• Systems must be flexible enough to meet

all types of business changes.

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 PORTABILITY
• Portability – The ability of an
application to operate on different
devices or software platforms.

• Most applications want to operate on

as many devices as possible.

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 RELIABILITY
• Reliability – Ensures a system is
functioning correctly and providing
accurate information.

• Reliability is another term for accuracy

when discussing the correctness of
systems within the context of efficiency
IT metrics.

• Vulnerability – a system weakness that

can be exploited by a threat.

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 SCALABILITY
• Scalability – How well a system can
scale up or adapt to the increased
demands of growth.

• Performance – Measures how quickly a

system performs a process or transaction.

• Capacity planning – Determines future

environmental infrastructure requirements
to ensure high-quality system
performance.

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 USABILITY
• Usability – The degree to which a
system is easy to learn and efficient
and satisfying to use.

• Serviceability – How quickly a third

party can change a system to ensure it
meets user needs and the terms of any
contracts, including agreed levels of
reliability, maintainability, or
availability.

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 SECTION 5.2: BUILDING
SUSTAINABLE MIS
INFRASTRUCTURES

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 MIS AND THE ENVIRONMENT 1
• Moore’s Law – Refers to the computer
chip performance per dollar doubles
every 18 months.

• Sustainable, or “green,” MIS –

Describes the production, management,
use, and disposal of technology in a way
that minimizes damage to the
environment.

• Corporate social responsibility –

Companies’ acknowledged
responsibility to society.

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 MIS AND THE ENVIRONMENT 2
• Three Primary Side Effects of
Businesses’ Expanded Use of
Technology.

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 INCREASED ELECTRONIC WASTE 1
• Ewaste – Refers to discarded, obsolete, or
broken electronic devices.

• Sustainable MIS disposal – Refers to the safe

disposal of MIS assets at the end of their life
cycle.

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 INCREASED ELECTRONIC WASTE 2
• Energy consumption – The amount of
energy consumed by business
processes and system.

• Huge increases in technology use have

greatly amplified energy consumption.

• The energy consumed by a computer is

estimated to produce as much as 10%
of the amount of carbon dioxide
produced by an automobile.

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 INCREASED CARBON EMISSIONS
• Carbon emissions – Carbon dioxide
and carbon monoxide produced by
business processes and systems.

• When left on continuously, a single

desktop computer and monitor can
consume at least 100 W of power per
hour.

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 SUPPORTING THE ENVIRONMENT: SUSTAINABLE MIS
INFRASTRUCTURE

• The Components Of A
Sustainable MIS
Infrastructure Include.

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 GRID COMPUTING
• Grid computing – A collection of
computers, often geographically
dispersed, that are coordinated to solve a
common problem.

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 VIRTUALIZED COMPUTING 1
• Virtualization – Creates multiple
“virtual” machines on a single
computing device.

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 VIRTUALIZED COMPUTING 2
Data center – A facility used to house
management information systems and
associated components, such as
telecommunications and storage
systems.

Sustainable data centers.

• Reduces carbon emissions.
• Reduces required floor Space.
• Chooses Geographic location.

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 CLOUD COMPUTING 1

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 CLOUD COMPUTING 2
• Multi-tenancy – The cloud means that a
single instance of a system serves multiple
customers.

• Single-tenancy – Each customer or tenant

must purchase and maintain an individual
system.

• Cloud fabric – The software that makes

possible the benefits of cloud computing, such
as multi-tenancy.

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 CLOUD COMPUTING 3

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 CLOUD COMPUTING 4

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 CLOUD
COMPUTING 5

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