Neuroanatomy

.Done by: Dr. Abeer Al-Mughales

Basal ganglia:
Definition: are collection of gray matter inside white matter of the
cerebral hemisphere.
Component:
1. caudate nucleus.
2. Lentiform nucleus.
3. Amygdaloid nucleus.
4. Claustrum.
Cerebral ventricles
• There are four ventricles in the brain:
• Each cerebral hemisphere contains two lateral ventricles formed of
central part and three horns: anterior, posterior and inferior horns.
 Cerebral ventricles
• Cleft between lower parts of the two cerebral hemispheres is called the third
ventricle.
• On each side, the lateral ventricle is connected to the third ventricle by an
interventricular foramen,( foramen of Monro).
Lateral ventricle
• Site: it’s a cavity present in each cerebral hemisphere.
• Lining: lined by ependyma.
• Shape and parts: body(within parietal lobe), anterior horn
(within frontal lobe), posterior lobe (within occipital lobe),
inferior horn (within temporal lobe).
• Communication: with the 3rd ventricle by interventricular
foramen.
Third ventricle:
• Definition: it is a cavity within the diencephalon.
• Shape and site: it is a silt like cavity, between the right and
left thalamus.
• Communication: with the 4th ventricle through cerebral
aqueduct.
Fourth ventricles:
• The lumen of the hindbrain called fourth ventricle and it is enclosed
between the pons and the upper part of the medulla anteriorly and
cerebellum posteriorly.
• Third and fourth ventricle connected by aqueduct of sylvius
Lumen of midbrain.
 Cerebral ventricles

• from choroid plexus Lateral ventricle ( right

and left) foramen of monro third ventricle
cerebral aqueduct fourth ventricle
subarachnoid space.
• The ventricles contains watery fluid called
cerebrospinal fluid( CSF).
Diencephalon:
• Site: it is the part of the brain which lies above the midbrain, and
between lower part of 2 cerebral hemisphere.
• Its divided into 5 parts:

1. Thalamus.
2. Hypoyhalamus.
3. Subthalamus.
4. Metathalamus (made up of lat. And medial geniculate body)
5. Epithalamus (made up of 2 penile bodies).