Where Did the Cry of

Rebellion Happen?
Subtitle
 "Cry of Balintawak"

• On 26 August 1896, after the Katipunan was discovered, Masangkay

joined Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto and others in a big meeting held at
Apolinario Samson's house in Caloocan. The purpose was to discuss
when the uprising was to take place.
• Those who have attended the meeting was Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto,
Aguedo del Rosario, Tomas Remigio, Enrique Pacheco, Francisco
Carreon, Briccio Pantas, Teodoro Plata, and Pio Valenzuela. They were all
leaders of the Katipunan and composed the board of directors of the
organization. Pantas, Plata, and Valenzuela were all opposed to starting
the revolution too early.
• The leaders questioned the wisdom of an open rebellion due to the lack
of arms and logical support. However, after Bonifacio's intense and
"Cry of Balintawak" "Cry of Balintawak"
convincing speech, everyone destroyed their cedulas to symbolize their
defiance of Mother Spain and together, raised the cry of "revolt".
• Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, Procopio Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, &
Agueda del Rosario arrived first in their place of refuge, Balintawak on
August 19, 1896. Dr. Pio Valenzuela arrived in place the next day. On
August 22, 500 KKK members gathered in the house of Apolonio
Samson. Here, views are only exchanged, and no resolution was
debated or adopted.
• It was at Pugad Lawin, the house, store-house, and yard of Juan Ramos,
son of Melchora Aquino, where over 1,000 members of the Katipunan
met and carried out considerable debate and discussion on August 23.
The discussion was whether or not start the revolution against the
Spanish government should be started on August 29. After the
tumultuous meeting, many of those present tore their cedula and
shouted
• "Long live Philippines! Long live Philippines!"
 CONTROVERIES AND DISAGREEMENTS
• Nineteenth-century journalists used the phrase "El Grito de Rebelion"
or "Cry of Rebellion" to mark the start of revolutionary events which
happened in August 1896, northeast of Manila, where they declared
rebellion against the Spanish colonial government. Controversies arise
as to when and where this event happened. Various accounts of the Cry
give different dates and places. A guardia civil, Lt. Olegario Diaz,
identify the Cry to have happened in Balintawak on August 25. Teodoro
Kalaw, Filipino historian, marks the place to be in Kangkong, Balintawak
on the last week of August. Santiago Alvarez, a Katipunero and son of
Mariano Alvarez, puts the cry in Bahay Toro in Quezon City on24
August. Pio Valenzuela, known Katipunero, stated that the Cry
happened in Pugad Lawin on August 23. Historian Gregorio Zaide
identified it to happen in Balintawak on August 26.
 CONTROVERIES AND DISAGREEMENTS
• According to the statements of Pio Valenzuela, Teodoro Agoncillo
puts the Cry at Pugad Lawinon 23 August. Research by historians
Milagros Guerrero, Emmanuel Encarnacion, and Ramon Villegas
claimed that the event took place in Tandang Sora's barn in Gulod,
Barangay Banlat, Quezon City on August 24. All these dates are of the
same year, 1896. The historian Teodoro Agoncillo chose to emphasize
Bonifacio's tearing of the cedula (tax receipt) before a crowd of
Katipuneros who then did the same. However, Guardia Civil Manuel
Sityar never mentioned in his memoirs the tearing or inspection of the
cedula, but did note the pacto de sangre (blood pact) mark on every
single Filipino he met in August 1896.
 CONTROVERIES AND DISAGREEMENTS
• On the other hand, some writers consider the first military engagement with the
enemy as the defining moment of the Cry, for which, Emilio Aguinaldo
commissioned a "Himno deBalintawak" to herald renewed fighting after the failed
peace of the pact of Biyak na Bato. On 3 September 1911, a monument to the
Heroes of 1896 was erected in what is now the intersection of Epifanio de los
Santos Avenue and Andres Bonifacio Drive - North Diversion Road. From that time
on until 1962, the Cry of Balintawak was officially celebrated every 26August. The
site of the monument was chosen for an unknown reason. But the issue did not
rest there. In 1970, the historian Pedro A. Gagelonia pointed out: The controversy
among historians continues to the present day.
• The "Cry of Pugad Lawin" on August 23, 1896 cannot be accepted as historically
accurate. It lacks positive documentation and supporting evidence from the
witness. The testimony of only one eyewitness Dr. Pio Valenzuela, is not enough to
authenticate and verify a controversial issue in history. Historians and their living
participants, not politicians and their sycophants, should settle this controversy.
 CONTROVERIES AND DISAGREEMENTS
• On the other hand, some writers consider the first military engagement with the
enemy as the defining moment of the Cry, for which, Emilio Aguinaldo
commissioned a "Himno deBalintawak" to herald renewed fighting after the failed
peace of the pact of Biyak na Bato. On 3 September 1911, a monument to the
Heroes of 1896 was erected in what is now the intersection of Epifanio de los
Santos Avenue and Andres Bonifacio Drive - North Diversion Road. From that time
on until 1962, the Cry of Balintawak was officially celebrated every 26August. The
site of the monument was chosen for an unknown reason. But the issue did not
rest there. In 1970, the historian Pedro A. Gagelonia pointed out: The controversy
among historians continues to the present day.
• The "Cry of Pugad Lawin" on August 23, 1896 cannot be accepted as historically
accurate. It lacks positive documentation and supporting evidence from the
witness. The testimony of only one eyewitness Dr. Pio Valenzuela, is not enough to
authenticate and verify a controversial issue in history. Historians and their living
participants, not politicians and their sycophants, should settle this controversy.
 RESOLUTION OF THE ISSUE
• Teodoro Agoncillo used his considerable influence and campaigned for a change in
the recognized site to Pugad Lawin and the date 23 August 1896. In 1963, the
National Heroes Commission (a forerunner of the NHI), without formal
consultations or recommendations to President Macapagal.
• Consequently, Macapagal ordered that the Cry of Balintawak be called the "Cry of
Pugad Lawin," and that it be celebrated on 23 August instead of 26 August. The 1911
monument in Balintawak was later removed to a highway.
• In 1962, Agoncillo, together with the UP-Student Council, placed a marker at the
Pugad Lawin site. According to Agoncillo, the house of Juan Ramos stood there in
1896, while the house of Tandang Sora was located at Pasong Tamo.
• In spite of the absence of any clear evidence, the NHI disregarded its own 1964
report that the Philippine Historical Committee had determined in 1940 that the
Pugad Lawin residence was Tandang Sora's and not Juan Ramos's and that the
specific site of Pugad Lawin was Gulod in Banlat.
 RESOLUTION OF THE ISSUE
• Teodoro Agoncillo used his considerable influence and campaigned for a change in
the recognized site to Pugad Lawin and the date 23 August 1896. In 1963, the
National Heroes Commission (a forerunner of the NHI), without formal
consultations or recommendations to President Macapagal.
• Consequently, Macapagal ordered that the Cry of Balintawak be called the "Cry of
Pugad Lawin," and that it be celebrated on 23 August instead of 26 August. The 1911
monument in Balintawak was later removed to a highway.
• In 1962, Agoncillo, together with the UP-Student Council, placed a marker at the
Pugad Lawin site. According to Agoncillo, the house of Juan Ramos stood there in
1896, while the house of Tandang Sora was located at Pasong Tamo.
• In spite of the absence of any clear evidence, the NHI disregarded its own 1964
report that the Philippine Historical Committee had determined in 1940 that the
Pugad Lawin residence was Tandang Sora's and not Juan Ramos's and that the
specific site of Pugad Lawin was Gulod in Banlat.
 RESOLUTION OF THE ISSUE
• On the basis of the 1983 committee's findings, the NHI placed a marker on 23
August 1984 on Seminary Road in barangay Bahay Toro behind Toro Hills High
School, the Quezon City General Hospital and the San Jose Seminary.
•
 RESOLUTION OF THE ISSUE
• The Cry of the Rebellion marked the start of the Philippine Revolution in 1896
which eventually led to Independence of the country in 1898.

• This event showed not just bravery and courage of the Filipino people; this also
utilized the unity of the Filipinos which is rooted to their "thirst" for independence.
It was a cry for freedom as they had finally realized their need to fight in order to
prove themselves and be called truly free men.

• With the existence of the Cry, we actually got the independence that our heroes
worked hard for. The selfless attitude, nationalism, dignity, and their lives are all
worth it. They were the reasons behind the freedom we got today.
THANK YOU!!!
Group 2
Jan Leah bermudo
Marcela Oja
Alvyne Mae Velasco
Jhone Mar Cordano
Rick Jhon Fortuna
Lyra Carmel Badilla
Jelben Degusman