Quarter 4- Lesson

1 ELEMENTS IN
FICTION
Comment on this:

“I will only read a story

that happened in real
life. I will not get
anything from fiction.“

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Even if fiction describes
imaginary events and
people, it is often based
on reality.

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“When I wrote The Handmaid’s
Tale, nothing went into it that
had not happened in real life
somewhere at some time . . . I
didn’t make them up.”

Atwood, 2018

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This is the beginning of your
quest in creative writing.
Before writing fiction, you
should understand the
elements that form its
structure to become adept at
creating an imaginary world
that will influence and
inspire people.

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Identify the various elements, techniques, and
literary devices in various modes of fiction
(GAS_CW/MPIg-i-11).

Determine various modes of fiction

(GAS_CW/MPIg-i-12).

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● Identify the narrative modes in fiction.

● Analyze the elements in fiction.

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WHAT MAKES UP FICTION?

1. Recall an interesting or memorable fictional

short story you read before.
2. With a partner, share your insights,
realizations, and conclusions about the short
story.
3. Answer the guide questions and share your
answers in class.

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1.What makes the story different
from a nonfiction text like a
biography?
2.How much of reality does the story
capture? What is the writing style
used?
3.What makes the short story
engaging for you to read?
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 NARRATIVE MODES IN FICTION

A narrative mode is a procedure

used by fiction writers to tell a
story. The point of view, tense, and
voice of a story are determined by
the way a writer executes these
modes.

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NARRATIVE MODES IN FICTION

Exposition

This informs readers about the

story’s characters, setting, and
mood.

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 NARRATIVE MODES IN FICTION

Action

This allows the characters to

move or act in the story.

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NARRATIVE MODES IN FICTION

Description

This illustrates the story’s

characters, setting, and
objects.

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 NARRATIVE MODES IN FICTION

Monologue

This is the narrative mode that uses

self-talk.

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NARRATIVE MODES IN FICTION

Dialogue

This is the narrative mode of

talking to other characters in
the story.

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Why are the narrative modes in fiction
significant?

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

To deliver a plot effectively, a

fiction writer should be familiar
with the different elements in
fiction.

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ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Character

This can be a person, an

animal, or a personified object
or idea that gives life to the
story.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Characters

● Protagonist is the main character of the story.

● Antagonist is the character who opposes or
contradicts the main character.
● Deuteragonist is the second most important
character in the story.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Characters

● Confidante is the character who is a close friend to

the main character.
● Foil is the character who has the traits or
characteristics that contrast the main character’s but is
not the villain in the story.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Characters

● Love Interest is the character who the main

character has romantic feelings for.
● Tertiary or Background are the characters who are
not directly connected to the main storyline.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Characters

● Dynamic is a character who changes his or her

personality as the story progresses.
● Static is a character whose personality remains
unchanged as the story continues.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Characters

● Round is a character who has varied and contrasting

traits.
● Flat is a character who has one personality.

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A character sketch (or a character profile) is a
detailed description in prose of a character you
imagined. The sketch should contain the
character's backstory, traits, and appearance. It
should also include other important details that
will make the character unique, like his or her
hopes, dreams, or aspirations.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Setting

This is the time, place, and

conditions in which the story
takes place.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Setting

● Geographical location. This includes the

topography, scenery, and physical arrangements,
such as the location of the windows and doors in a
room.
● Occupations. This includes the work and the daily
manner of living of the characters.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Setting

● Time or period. This sets when the action takes

place.
● General environment. This includes religious,
mental, moral, social, and emotional conditions of
the characters.

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A vignette is a short and descriptive writing
that uses imagery to describe a subject, such as
a place, in greater detail. You may create one
before creating an actual setting for your story.

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ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Point of View

This refers to the angle of

narration or the narrator.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Point of View

● First person. This is the main character (or one of

the characters) who narrates the story.
○ There are instances where multiple characters
act as first-person narrators; thus, the concept
of multiple-person point of view emerges.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Point of View

● Second person. The reader is the focal point of the
narrator’s story.

● Third person. The narrator is an outside observer,

not a character, in the story he or she presents.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Third-Person Point of View

● Limited. The narrator tells the actions and the

speech of the characters.

● Omniscient. The narrator shares everything about

the characters in the story, including their thoughts
and feelings.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Plot

This is the arrangement of

incidents and actions in a story.
A plot does not always have to
be chronological.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Plot

● Linear. This shows the chronological order of events

that happen in the story.
● Episodic. This is a set of connected incidents that
form a bigger plot.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Plot

● Parallel. This is a combination of two or more linear

plots that happen simultaneously.
● Circular. This starts and ends in a similar fashion.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Plot

● In Medias Res. This starts at the middle of the story.

● In Extrema Res. This starts at the end of the story.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Elements in a Plot

● Exposition. This is the initial part of a plot that

introduces the story’s characters, setting, and mood.
● Rising Action. This is the incident or the set of
incidents that leads to the complication.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Elements in a Plot

● Climax. This is the highest point of tension in the

story where the conflict is shown or settled.
● Falling Action. This is the section where the story’s
tension decreases and the other unsettled issues are
solved.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Elements in a Plot

● Resolution. This is the denouement or the part of

the story where the main problem is resolved and
the end of a plot is told.

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ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Conflict

This is the struggle that exists

in the story.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Conflict

● Self versus self is the struggle between the

protagonist and his or her self.
● Self versus man is the struggle between the
protagonist and another character.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Conflict

● Self versus nature is the struggle between the

protagonist and natural forces.
● Self versus the supernatural is the struggle
between the protagonist and someone who has an
ability beyond human nature.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Types of Conflict

● Self versus technology is the struggle between the

protagonist and technology or product of technology.
● Self versus society is the struggle between the
protagonist and a group of people who belongs to a
social institution.

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 ELEMENTS IN FICTION

Theme

This describes or represents

the unifying idea or statement
of a literary work.

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Why are the elements in fiction important?

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● A character can be a protagonist, antagonist,
deuteragonist, confidant, foil, love interest,
tertiary, dynamic, static, round, or flat.

● A point of view can be in the first, second, and

third person.

● A conflict can be classified as self versus self,

another self, nature, supernatural, technology,
or society.

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● A plot has the following elements: exposition,
rising action, climax, falling action, and
resolution. The types of plot structure are linear,
episodic, parallel, circular, in medias res, and in
extrema res.

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1. Read the Japanese
fairy tale “My Lord Bag
of Rice” by scanning or
clicking on the QR
code! Scan or click this!
2. Write a three-paragraph analytical text
about the fairy tale using one of the
writing prompts in the next two slides.
This task will determine your knowledge
about a particular element in fiction.
● Write an essay that focuses on the
characters of the fairy tale. Classify them
according to their roles and their traits.
● Write an essay that focuses on the plot
structure of the fairy tale. Create a plot
diagram that will show the story’s
progression.
● Write an essay that focuses on the
thematic issues integrated in the fairy
tale. Provide at least three issues that
you will elaborate and analyze.