Allocation In Stratified Sampling

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Introduction to Allocation in Stratified Sampling

Allocation in stratified sampling refers to the

process of determining how many sampling
units to allocate to each stratum.

It is crucial in ensuring that the sample

accurately represents the population and
improves the precision of estimates.

Proper allocation can help maximize the

efficiency of the sampling process and
minimize the overall sampling error.

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Importance of Proper Allocation

Proper allocation allows for the stratified

sample to reflect the characteristics of the
population more accurately.

It helps in ensuring that each stratum is

represented adequately in the sample, leading to
more reliable estimates.

Effective allocation can also help in reducing

the overall sampling variability and increasing
the statistical efficiency of the survey.

2
Factors Influencing Allocation Decisions

The variability within each stratum is a key

factor that influences the allocation decision.

The relative size of each stratum in the

population also plays a crucial role in
determining the allocation.

The cost and resources available for the

sampling process can impact the allocation
decisions, especially in practical applications.

3
Methods of Allocation in Stratified Sampling

Proportional allocation assigns a proportionate

number of sampling units to each stratum based
on its size in the population.

Optimum allocation aims to minimize the

variance of the estimator by allocating more
units to strata with higher variability.

Neyman allocation balances the trade-off

between cost and precision by considering both
within-stratum variability and cost constraints.

4
Proportional Allocation

Proportional allocation is a simple and

commonly used method where the sample size
in each stratum is proportional to its size in the
population.

It ensures that each stratum is represented in the

sample according to its relative importance
within the population.

Proportional allocation is easy to implement

and is suitable when the variability within each
stratum is similar.

5
Optimum Allocation

Optimum allocation aims to minimize the

variance of the estimator by allocating more
sampling units to strata with higher variability.

It is based on the principle of allocating

resources where they can have the most
significant impact on reducing the overall
sampling error.

Optimum allocation requires knowledge of the

variability within each stratum and is more
complex to implement compared to
proportional allocation.

6
Neyman Allocation

Neyman allocation considers both within-

stratum variability and cost constraints in
determining the allocation of sampling units.

It aims to find the allocation that minimizes the

total sampling error while considering the
practical limitations of cost and resources.

Neyman allocation is a more sophisticated

approach that requires detailed information
about the variability and costs associated with
each stratum.

7
Conclusion

Allocation in stratified sampling is a critical

step in the sampling process that influences the
accuracy and efficiency of estimates.

Proper allocation allows for a representative

sample that reflects the population
characteristics and improves the precision of
estimates.

By considering factors such as variability, size,

and cost, researchers can make informed
decisions about the allocation of sampling units
in a stratified sampling design.