THE VALUE OF AN ARCHITECT

• “The Architect creates man’s

environment through his
awareness and sensitive
handling of spaces that fit the
scale of human experience.
The resulting quality of the
form-envelope manifested as
a structure or building gives
rise to man’s appreciation of
beauty and order in the
physical world”

THE PRACTICE
THE PRACTICE OF
OF
ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE

SEPT.19, 1979
THE VALUE OF
AN ARCHITECT
• “The Architect’s deliberations
determine how people will be
placed in relationship to one
another, how whole societies
will work, play, eat, sleep,
recreate, travel, worship, or
in short how people will live
in consonance with their
culture and national
aspirations.”

THE PRACTICE
THE PRACTICE OF
OF
ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE
THE ARCHITECT’S NATIONAL CODE
 POSITIVE PERCEPTION
• Order
• Outline
• Identifiable references
• Functional forms
• Familiarity
• Reliability
• Cultural identity
• Aesthetic objectives

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 FACTORS THAT CONVEY
UNITY
• Proximity
• Similarity
• Closure
• Good continuance
• Closedness
• Symmetry

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CONTRAST
HIERARCHY
PROPORTION
BALANCE
RHYTHM
CHARACTER
DATUM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CONTRAST as an adaptation to:

• function
• anthropometrics
• scientific laws and structural requirements
• to the natural environment
• to economics
• to the social order

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CONTRAST OF LINE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CONTRAST OF LINE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CONTRAST OF LINE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CONTRAST OF FORM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CONTRAST OF MASS

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CONTRAST OF MASS

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CONTRAST OF COLOR

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CONTRAST OF CHARACTER

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CONTRAST OF CHARACTER

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CONTRAST OF CHARACTER

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CONTRAST OF CHARACTER

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 HIERARCHY
• imageability
• interest
• association
• emotional effects
• reflecting use and users
• reflecting values

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
 PROPORTION
Bases:
• Natural Material Proportions
• Manufactured Proportions
• Structural Proportions
• Government Ordinances
• Traditions

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Material
Proportion

Material Proportions- proportions are

determined by the material’s distinct
properties of elasticity, hardness and
durability. Rational proportions are
dictated by their inherent strengths
and weaknesses

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Material
Proportion

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Material
Proportion

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Structural Proportions-the sizes and Structural
proportions of structural members Proportion
are related to the tasks they
perform. Beam depths, column length,
floor slab thickness are assigned to
ensure building stability

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Shape and
Proportion

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Manufactured Proportions-the sizes Manufactured
and proportions of architectural and Proportion
structural members are determined
by the commercially available sizes

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Proportions determined by prescribed Government
design guidelines or standards Ordinances

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 PRINCIPLES OF PROPORTION

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 GOLDEN SECTION Traditions
• Golden Section
• Golden Rectangle
• Regulating Lines
• Classical Orders
• Renaissance
Theories
• Modulor
• Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 GOLDEN SECTION Traditions
• Golden Section
• Golden Rectangle
• Regulating Lines
• Classical Orders
• Renaissance
Theories
• Modulor
• Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

GOLDEN RECTANGLE Traditions
• Golden Section
• Golden Rectangle
• Regulating Lines
• Classical Orders
• Renaissance
Theories
• Modulor
• Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

GOLDEN RECTANGLE Traditions
• Golden Section
• Golden Rectangle
• Regulating Lines
• Classical Orders
• Renaissance
Theories
• Modulor
• Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 REGULATING LINES Traditions
• Golden Section
• Golden Rectangle
• Regulating Lines
• Classical Orders
• Renaissance
Theories
• Modulor
• Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 PRINCIPLES USED IN CLASSICAL
ARCHITECTURE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 PRINCIPLES USED IN CLASSICAL
ARCHITECTURE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CLASSICAL ORDERS Traditions
• Golden Section
• Golden Rectangle
• Regulating Lines
• Classical Orders
• Renaissance
Theories
• Modulor
• Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CLASSICAL ORDERS Traditions
• Golden Section
• Golden Rectangle
• Regulating Lines
• Classical Orders
• Renaissance
Theories
• Modulor
• Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 CLASSICAL ORDERS Traditions
• Golden Section
• Golden Rectangle
• Regulating Lines
• Classical Orders
• Renaissance
Theories
• Modulor
• Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 RENAISSANCE THEORIES Traditions
• Golden Section
• Golden Rectangle
• Regulating Lines
• Classical Orders
• Renaissance
Theories
• Modulor
• Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 RENAISSANCE THEORIES Traditions
• Golden Section
• Golden Rectangle
• Regulating Lines
• Classical Orders
• Renaissance
Theories
• Modulor
• Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 MODULOR Traditions
• Golden Section
• Golden Rectangle
• Regulating Lines
• Classical Orders
• Renaissance
Theories
• Modulor
• Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 KEN Traditions
• Golden Section
• Golden Rectangle
• Regulating Lines
• Classical Orders
• Renaissance
Theories
• Modulor
• Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 KEN Traditions
• Golden Section
• Golden Rectangle
• Regulating Lines
• Classical Orders
• Renaissance
Theories
• Modulor
• Ken

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Relative Proportion

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Absolute
Proportion

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 SCALE
Factors that affect perception of scale
• Association with nature
• Position in space relative to the object
• Experiences
• Values
• Scalar sequences
• Economics

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 PERCEPTION
OF SCALE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 PERCEPTION
OF SCALE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 SCALE AND
ANTHROPOMETRICS

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 SCALE AND
ANTHROPOMETRICS

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 SCALE AND
CONTEXT

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 SCALE AND
CONTEXT

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 SCALAR
EXPERIENCE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 SCALE AND
FORM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 URBAN SCALE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 URBAN SCALE

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 SCALE & TIME

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 BALANCE
Balance vs.Proportion - Axis
Balance vs. Lack of Contrast - Emphasis
Axis- line established by 2 points in space
about which forms and spaces can be
arranged; regulates movement

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
 Orientation as a factor of:
Climate
Religion/Culture
Natural views

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Other Axes:
City- Landmarks, monuments, important
buildings, infrastructure
Buildings- Property line, Landscape,
Associated buildings
Interior- Doors and windows, columns and
beams

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Symmetrical Balance (Central)

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Symmetrical Balance (Formal)

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Symmetrical Balance (Formal)

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Symmetrical Balance (Formal)

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Symmetrical Balance (Central)

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Symmetrical Balance
(Radial)

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Unsymmetrical Balance

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Unsymmetrical Balance

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 Gravitational Balance

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 RHYTHM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 RHYTHM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 RHYTHM of LINE TYPES AND
DIRECTION

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 RHYTHM of LINE
TYPES & DIRECTION

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 RHYTHM of LINE
TYPES & DIRECTION

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 RHYTHM of AREAS

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 RHYTHM of COLOR

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 RHYTHM of MASSES

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 RHYTHM of MASSES

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 ACCENTED RHYTHM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 ACCENTED RHYTHM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 UNACCENTED RHYTHM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

 UNACCENTED RHYTHM

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
 COLOR
The 3 dimensions of color:
Hue- the color itself
Tonal Value- lightness and
darkness
Chroma or Intensity- brightness of
dullness

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN