Presentation ARE-502(Agri.

Policies of pakistan)

TO PI C: MARKETING
POLICY
 Group Members

Muhammad Umer Sultan (2021-ag-6463)

Muhammad Naveed Nawaz (2021-ag-6459)
M. Asad Asghar (2021-ag-6452)
Adeel Ahmad Mansha (2021-ag-6425)
Muhammad Husnain (2021-ag-6454)
Mehdi Hassan (2021-ag-6448)
M. Qamar Mumtaz (2021-ag-6460)
 What is Marketing?

 Marketing is an art of something sell to

someone.
 First thing is to identify the needs of the customer.
 Second thing is to fulfil the consumer need
 So marketing is to identify the need and fulfil
the consumer need for profit.
 What is policy?

 Policy describes what to do and what not describes as

organizations general response to a particular problem or
situation.

“An explicit or implicit single decision or group of

decisions which may set out directives for guiding future
decisions, initate or retard action, or guide
implementation of previous decisions”

 Policy formation always encourages initiative of employees

because employees have to deal with the situations.

 Then they will be able to handle the situation in a much better way
 Marketing margin?

“The difference between the purchase price of

a commodity by consumers and its sale price
by producers is called marketing margin”

o Simply the difference in price paid by consumers and

the price received by producers.
 Main stages of marketing system?

 Primary markets
 Secondary or wholesale markets
 Retail markets
 Terminal markets
 Primary market?

“These are the markets at primary level such

as village market, roadside market and small
town market.”
 The main reason for his selling in these markets are
small stock to produce, urgent need of cash and non-
availability of transport facilities.
 Secondary or wholesale market?

“To carry out the function of assembling

agricultural produce and disposing off it to
consumers”.
 These may be located at tehsil, town and district level
to assemble marketable agricultural produce of the
sorrounding areas.
 These markets exists for different products like food,
grain, fruit and vegetable, livestock and poultry etc.
 Retail market?

“Small shopkeepers and street vendors who

purchase agricultural produce from primary
and secondary markets in bulk and sell it in
small quantities to the consumers through
their shops”
 Terminal markets?

“A market which is mainly involved in export

of commodities is called terminal market”
 Terminal markets generally situated in large urban
centre and have dry port and sea port facilities and
act as import and export trade centres.
 Karachi with sea port and lahore peshawar
faisalabad with dry port facilities are the examples of
terminal markets
 Objectives of marketing policy?

 To protect farmers or consumers from

parasitic traders.
 To stabilise or increase farm-gate prices.
 To reduce the marketing margins.
 To improve quality and minimum standards.
 To increase food security.
 Policy analysis marketing system

Policy analysis is a process of examining and

evaluating the social, ethical, financial and
other consequences inhirent in current and
proposed policies.

 Examination of seasonal price trend and margins

 Typical types of analysis undertaken with price
 Examination of spatial price trend and margins
 Examination of the overall marketing margin
 Step of policy analysis

 Problem identification
 Determining policy objectives
 Establishing evaluation criteria
 Suggesting possible alternatives
 Assessing these possible alternatives
 Implementing and monitoring
 Market pricing?

 Price donates the money that customer pay in

exchange for goods and services

 Prices important both for the organization as will as

as for customer
 Types of marketing price?

 Price fixation are fixed price

 Competitive price

 Price revision
 Impact on retail price of an export tax?

 Reduction in export volume

 Increase in domestic prices
 Protection of domestic industries
 Revenue generation
 Purpose of export tax?

 Revenue generation
 Control of inflation
 Conservation of natural resources
 Measuring market integration?

Market integration refers to the transmission

of price signals across geographical space
over time
 Continue….

The measurement of market integration may

be attempted at two levels:

1. Integration among firms of a market

2. Integration among spatially separated markets