U02 PPT Mullin EWR9Ce

th Canadian
9 Edition
PowerPoint Slides
to accompany
Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Copyright © 2022 Cengage Learning Canada, Inc.
Craig Trineer, Tony Branch, & Phil Simmons
th Canadian
9 Edition
Unit 2
Drawings and Specifications

th Canadian
9 Edition
Unit 2 : Red Seal Occupational Standard
For the Red Seal exam, note that this unit covers
the following RSOS task:
● Task A-3

th Canadian
9 Edition
Unit 2: Objectives
• Identify the various types of technical drawings
• Identify the line types used on construction drawings
• Visualize building views
• Read common scales
• Explain how electrical wiring information is
conveyed to the electrician at the construction or
installation site

th Canadian
9 Edition
Unit 2: Objectives (continued)

• Demonstrate how the specifications are used in
estimating cost and in making electrical installations
• Identify and explain the application of the various
common line types used on drawings
• Explain why symbols and notations are used on
electrical drawings
• Identify symbols used on architectural, mechanical,
and electrical drawings

th Canadian
9 Edition
Technical Drawings
• Three primary types of drawing are used in
this book.
• Architectural drawings show the floor plans of
a building.
• Schematic drawings show all the significant
components and their relationships.
• Wiring or Layout Drawings are like schematics,
but depicted devices and layouts may resemble
their presented devices and layouts in appearance.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Line Types
• The basic elements of a technical drawing are lines,
symbols, dimensions, and notations.
• The lines that make up working drawings are
sometimes referred to as the alphabet of lines.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Line Types Found on Drawings (continued)

• Visible Lines are continuous lines that show the
visible edges of an object.
• Hidden Lines are short dashed lines.

th Canadian
9 Edition

• Centre Lines show the centre of an arc or circle.
• Section Lines display a sectional view (also called

a section or cross-section)

th Canadian
9 Edition

• Cutting Plane Lines consist of a long dash followed
by two short dashes.
Refer to Cross Section A-A on Sheet 4.

th Canadian
9 Edition

• Phantom Lines are short dashed lines (about
1.5 times as long as the dashes for hidden lines)
that show an alternate position.
Hidden Line

th Canadian
9 Edition

• Break Lines are used where only a part of the
drawing needs to be shown.

th Canadian
9 Edition

• Contour Lines are used on plot plans to show
changes in elevation.

th Canadian
9 Edition
• Figure 2-2 shows each line in a format that allows

visual comparison.
Figure 2-2 Line types.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Lineweight
• Lineweight refers to the thickness of a line used on
a drawing. Object lines have a heavier lineweight
(are thicker) than other lines such as hidden lines
or dimension lines.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Visualizing a Building
• Pictorial drawings are three-dimensional drawings
that show two or more surfaces of an object in
one view.
• Pictorial drawings distort shapes such as angles,
arcs, and circles, and are hard to dimension.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Pictorial and Dimensional Drawings
Figure 2-4 Three-dimensional view of house wiring. Figure 2-3 Pictorial drawings.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Orthographic Projection Drawings

• Construction drawings use the terms plan for a top
view and elevation for a side view.
Figure 2-5

th Canadian
9 Edition
Building Views
• Plan Views
– A plan view shows how a building will look when
viewed from directly above it. Plan views are used
to show lengths and widths.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Building Views
• Elevations
– An elevation is a side view of the building. Elevations
are used to show heights and widths. Elevations are
commonly used to show outside walls, interior walls,
and the placement of such things as cupboards and
equipment.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Building Views (continued)

• Sections
– A sectional view of the building (after a portion of
the building has been removed) is used to show
the interior construction details of the building.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Symbols and Notations

• Graphical symbols are used on construction
drawings to represent equipment and components.
Symbols are used to show the size, location, and
ratings of equipment.
• The Standards Council of Canada (SCC)
– Approves national standards for symbols used on
construction drawings and accredits organizations.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Symbols and Notations (continued)

• CSA standard Z99.3 -1979 (1989)
– Includes symbols for electrical drawings. They relate
closely to the symbols published by
• Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
and
• American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

th Canadian
9 Edition
Notations
• Notes explaining symbols:
– When symbols are used to indicate future equipment,
they are shown with dashed lines and will have a note
to indicate such use.
– The orientation of a symbol on a drawing does not
alter the meaning of the symbol.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Notations (continued)
• Notes explaining symbols:
– Lighting fixtures are generally drawn in a manner
that will indicate the size, shape, and orientation of
the fixture.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Notations (continued)
• Notes to symbols:
– Symbols found on electrical plans indicate only the
approximate location of electrical equipment. Where
exact locations are required, check the drawings for
dimensions and confirm all measurements with the
owner or owner’s representative.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Dimensions
• Dimensions are used to show the size of an object.
Metric dimensions are normally expressed in
millimetres or metres.
• The American, or Imperial, system of units is
used on building drawings such as floor plans;
measurements are expressed in feet, inches,
and fractions of an inch.
• This is referred to as architectural practice.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Electrical Symbols: Switches

th Canadian
9 Edition
Electrical Symbols: Receptacles

th Canadian
9 Edition
Electrical Symbols: Outlets

th Canadian
9 Edition
Electrical Symbols: Mixed

th Canadian
9 Edition
Electrical Symbols: Panel

th Canadian
9 Edition
Scale
• A drawing of an object that is the same size as
the object is said to be drawn full scale or at a scale
of 1:1.
• Drawing everything proportionally smaller than its
actual size is called reduced scale.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Scale (continued)
• A drawing that uses a scale of 1:50 indicates that
the building is 50 times larger than the drawing.
• A drawing with a scale of ¼ in. = 1 ft has a scale
of 1:48.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Scale (continued)
• An example of enlarged scale is 2:1, which indicates
the drawing is twice as large as the component.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Types of Scales
• Three types of scales are commonly used on
construction drawings:
– Architectural Scale
– Metric Scale
– Engineering Scale

th Canadian
9 Edition
Metric Scale
• For metric drawings
Figure 2-12

th Canadian
9 Edition
Architectural Scale
Figure 2-12

th Canadian
9 Edition
Engineering Scale
• For working with civil drawings
Figure 2-12

th Canadian
9 Edition
Working Drawings
• The architect or engineer uses a set of working
drawings or plans to make the necessary
instructions available to the skilled trades that
are to build the structure.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Working Drawings (continued)

• The electrician must be able to convert the
two-dimensional plans into an actual electrical
installation, visualize the many views of the plans,
and coordinate them into a three-dimensional
picture.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Working Drawings (continued)

• The electrician must be able to interpret the lines
and symbols that refer to the electrical installation
and also to interpret those used by the other
construction trades.

th Canadian
9 Edition
The Drawing Set

• A set of drawings is made up of several numbered
sheets:
– A Site (Plot) Plan
– Floor Plans
– Elevations
– Details and Sections
– Legend of Symbols
– Schedules
– Diagrams
– Shop Drawings
th Canadian
9 Edition
A Site (Plot) Plan

• the dimensions of the lot
• a north-pointing arrow
• the location of utilities and their connection points
• any outdoor lighting
• easements (rights to the property by someone other
than the owner)

th Canadian
9 Edition
A Site (Plot) Plan (continued)

• contour lines to show changes in elevation
• accessory buildings
• trees to be saved

th Canadian
9 Edition
Floor Plans
• A set of drawings for a single-family dwelling may
have only a single floor plan for each storey of
the building.
• As the complexity of the building increases, there
will be a number of floor plans for each storey
(one for each trade).

th Canadian
9 Edition
Trades Typical Floor Plan Breakdown

• A logical breakdown would be
– Architectural
– Electrical
– Mechanical
– Plumbing
– HVAC (Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning)
– Structural

th Canadian
9 Edition
Elevations
• Elevations show the vertical faces of buildings,
structures, and equipment.
• Elevations are used to show both interior and exterior
vertical faces.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Details and Sections

• Details are large-scale drawings that are used
when floor plans and elevations cannot provide
sufficient detail.
• Sections show internal details of construction.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Legend of Symbols
• A legend of symbols provides the contractor or
electrician with the information to interpret the
symbols on the drawing.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Schedules
• Schedules are lists of equipment.
Diagrams
• One-line and riser diagrams are provided to quickly
show the flow of power throughout the building.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Shop Drawings
• Shop drawings are used by equipment
manufacturers to show details of custom-made
equipment for a specific job.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Specifications
• Working drawings are usually complex because of
the amount of information they must include. To
prevent confusing details, it is standard practice to
include with each set of plans a set of detailed
written specifications prepared by the architect.

th Canadian
9 Edition
Specifications (continued)
• Specifications include information on the sizes,
type, and desired quality of the parts to be used
in the structure.
• Typical specifications include a section on “General
Clauses and Conditions,” which is applicable to all
trades involved in the construction.


U02 PPT Mullin EWR9Ce

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

U02 PPT Mullin EWR9Ce

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

th Canadian

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Unit 2 : Red Seal Occupational Standard

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Unit 2: Objectives (continued)

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Line Types Found on Drawings (continued)

• Hidden Lines are short dashed lines.

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Line Types Found on Drawings (continued)

• Section Lines display a sectional view (also called

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Line Types Found on Drawings (continued)

Refer to Cross Section A-A on Sheet 4.

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Line Types Found on Drawings (continued)

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Line Types Found on Drawings (continued)

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Line Types Found on Drawings (continued)

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

• Figure 2-2 shows each line in a format that allows

Figure 2-2 Line types.

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Pictorial and Dimensional Drawings

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Orthographic Projection Drawings

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Building Views (continued)

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Symbols and Notations

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Symbols and Notations (continued)

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Electrical Symbols: Switches

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Electrical Symbols: Receptacles

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Electrical Symbols: Outlets

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Electrical Symbols: Mixed

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Electrical Symbols: Panel

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,

Ray C. Mullin, Sandy F. Gerolimon, Ron Granelli,