Research methodologies

presentation
Group 1

FAJAR IMTIAZ 2844-BS-PSY-21

DUA NAWAZ 2970-BS-PSY-21
FATIMA USMAN 2934-BS-PSY-21
MUHAMMAD ABBASS 2932-BS-PSY-21
MUHAMMAD ALI 2956-BS-PSY-21
ABDUL SHAKOOR 2772-BS-PSY-21
Ethical Issues in Conduct of
Psychological Research
Introduction:
• Research-The word research is derived from the Middle French
"recherche", which means "to go about seeking",
• What is research ethics?
Norms and Principles of conducting research.
• Why is it important?
It is important to adhere to ethical principles in order to protect the
dignity, rights and welfare of research participants.
Issues Faced While Conducting Research:

• Risk/Benefit Ratio
• Deception in Research
• Additional responsibilities to research participants:
• Research with animals
• Debriefing
• Reporting psychological research
1-RISK/BENEFIT RATIO
Risk for research participants / Benefit from the research
• Benefits:
Advancement in knowledge of mental health, developing new
treatments, improving well-being, or understanding human behavior in
general
• Risks:
Psychological, social or physical
2-DECEPTION IN RESEARCH
Intentionally misleading participants about research.
• How Participants are Deceived?
 False Purpose
 Confederates
 Staged Events
• Positive Aspects of Deception:
 Reduce Demand Characteristics
 Investigate Unconscious Processes
• Negative Aspects of Deception:
 Informed Consent
 Deception Can Cause Distress
 Breach of Trust
• Alternatives of Deception
3-ADDITIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES TO RESEARCH
PARTICIPANTS

• Right to Withdraw
• Debriefing
• Minimizing Discomfort
• Data Sharing and Privacy
• Compensation
• Feedback
4-RESEARCH WITH ANIMALS

• Why to Use Animals?

 Ethical and Practical Limitations
 Similarities to Humans
 Shorter Lifespans
• Types of Researches Done on Animals:
Learning and Memory, Motivation and Emotion, Sensory Processes, Neuropsychology,
Psychopharmacology.
• Ethical Considerations:
 Animal Welfare
 Species Selection
 Alternatives
• Controversial Topic
5-DEBRIEFING

Conversation after experiments

• Purpose of Debriefing:
Full Disclosure, Addressing Concerns, Reducing Distress, Informed Consent Revisited.
• Content of a Debriefing:
Explanation of the Hypothesis, Description of Procedures, Preliminary Findings (if
possible), Right to Withdraw Data.
• Importance of Debriefing:
Ethical Imperative, Building Trust, Promoting Transparency, Psychological Well-being
6-REPORTING PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH

Formal documentation of the entire research process

• Structure:
 Title Page
 Abstract
 Introduction
 Method
 Results
 Discussion
 Conclusion
 References
 Formatting
• Importance of Reporting:
Scientific Communication
Replication
Transparency and Accountability
Informing Practice

• Additional Considerations:
Ethical Considerations
Target Audience
 CONCLUSION

Ethical considerations are paramount in the conduct of

psychological research, ensuring the protection of participants, the
integrity of research findings, and the advancement of scientific
knowledge.
THANK YOU