Supreme court of

India
Hansika ChauhanBA.LLB
SEMESTER 4
POLITICAL SCIENCE (assignment)
Supreme Court of India
• Supreme Court of India came into existence on 26th January,
1950 and is located on Tilak Marg, New Delhi. The Supreme
Court of India functioned from the Parliament House till it
moved to the present building. It has a 27.6 metre high dome
and a spacious colonnaded verandah. For a peek inside, you'll
have to obtain a visitor's pass from the front office.
Establishment of Supreme
Court of India
• On the 28th of January, 1950, two days after India became a
Sovereign Democratic Republic, the Supreme Court came into
being. The inauguration took place in the Chamber of Princes
in the Parliament building which also housed India's
Parliament, consisting of the Council of States and the House
of the People. It was here, in this Chamber of Princes, that the
Federal Court of India had sat for 12 years between 1937 and
1950. This was to be the home of the Supreme Court for years
that were to follow until the Supreme Court acquired its own
present premises.The inaugural proceedings were simple but
impressive.
How it started...
• They began at 9.45 a.m. when the Judges of the Federal Court - Chief
Justice Harilal J.Kania and Justices Saiyid Fazl Ali, M. Patanjali Sastri, Mehr
Chand Mahajan, Bijan Kumar Mukherjea and S.R.Das - took their seats. In
attendance were the Chief Justices of the High Courts of Allahabad,
Bombay, Madras, Orissa, Assam, Nagpur, Punjab, Saurashtra, Patiala and
the East Punjab States Union, Mysore, Hyderabad, Madhya Bharat and
Travancore-Cochin. Along with the Attorney General for India, M.C.
Setalvad were present the Advocate Generals of Bombay, Madras, Uttar
Pradesh, Bihar, East Punjab, Orissa, Mysore, Hyderabad and Madhya
Bharat. Present too, were the Prime Minister, other Ministers,
Ambassadors and diplomatic representatives of foreign States, a large
number of Senior and other Advocates of the Court and other
distinguished visitors.Taking care to ensure that the Rules of the Supreme
Court were published and the names of all the Advocates and agents of
the Federal Court were brought on the rolls of the Supreme Court, the
inaugural proceedings were over and put under part of the record of the
Supreme Court.
• After its inauguration on January 28, 1950, the Supreme Court
commenced its sittings in a part of the Parliament House. The
Court moved into the present building in 1958. The building is
shaped to project the image of scales of justice. The Central
Wing of the building is the Centre Beam of the Scales. In 1979,
two New Wings - the East Wing and the West Wing - were
added to the complex. In all there are 19 Court Rooms in the
various wings of the building. The Chief Justice's Court is the
largest of the Courts located in the Centre of the Central Wing.
The Constitution seeks to ensure the
independence of Supreme Court Judges in
various ways. A Judge of the Supreme Court
cannot be removed from office except by an
order of the President passed after an address
in each House of Parliament supported by a
majority of the total membership of that
House and by a majority of not less than two-
thirds of members present and voting, and
presented to the President in the same Session
for such removal on the ground of proved
misbehaviour or incapacity. A person who has
been a Judge of the Supreme Court is debarred
from practising in any court of law or before
any other authority in India.The proceedings of
the Supreme Court are conducted in English
only. Supreme Court Rules, 1966 and Supreme
Court Rules 2013 are framed under Article 145
of the Constitution to regulate the practice and
procedure of the Supreme Court.
The Supreme Court of India :An emperical
overview of the Instituion
• The Supreme Court has been called “the most powerful court in the
world” for its wide jurisdiction, its expansive understanding of its own
powers and the billion plus people under its authority. Yet scholars and
policy makers have a very uneven picture of the courts functioning:
deep knowledge about the more visible, “high profile” cases but very
little about more mundane, but far more numerous and potentially
equally important, decision. This chapter aims to address this
imbalance with a rigorous, empirical account of the courts decision
from 2010 to 2015. We use the most extensive original dataset of the
indian supreme court opinions yet created to provide a broad,
quantitative overview of the social identity of the litigants that
approach the court, the levels of success that different groups of
litiganrs have before the court, and the opinion-writing patterns of the
various judges of the supreme court. This analysis provides
foundational facts for the study of the court and its role in progressive
social change.
Globalization, Rights and Judicial review in the
Supreme Court of india
• This arricle examines This article examines the broader and evolving
role of the Supreme Court of India in an era of globalization by
examining the Court’s decisionmaking in rights-based challenges to
economic liberalization, privatization, and development policies over
the past three decades. While the Court has been mostly deferential
in its review of these policies and projects, it has in many cases been
active and instrumental in remaking and reshaping regulatory
frameworks, bureaucratic structures, accountability norms, and in
redefining the terrain of fundamental rights that non-governmental
organizations (NGOs) and other litigants have invoked in challenges
to these policies. This article argues that the Court has deployed
rights as “structuring principles” in order to evaluate and review
liberalization and privatization policies, based on constitutional or
statutory illegality, arbitrariness or unreasonableness, or corruption,
and framed rights as “substantive-normative principles” to assess
development policies.
This article argues that the Court’s particular approach
to rights-based judicial review has resulted in the
creation of “asymmetrical rights terrains” that privilege
the rights and interests of private commercial and
industrial stakeholders and government officials and
agencies, above the rights and interests of labor,
villagers, farmers, and tribes. The article concludes by
suggesting that the Court’s approach to judicial review
reflects a unique model of adjudication in which high
courts play an active role in shaping the meaning of
rights, regulatory structure and norms, and the legal-
constitutional discourse of globalization.
The rise of judicial governance
in the Supreme Court of India
•
This article analyzes how the Supreme Court of India, through its activism
and assertiveness, has emerged as arguably the most powerful court among
democratic polities. Over the past four and a half decades, the Court
dramatically expanded its role in the realm of rights and governance,
asserting the power to invalidate constitutional amendments under the
basic structure doctrine, control judicial appointments, and govern in the
areas of environmental policy, monitoring and investigating government
corruption, and promoting electoral transparency and accountability. In this
article, I argue that the Court’s shift toward greater, yet selective,
assertiveness in India’s governance can most adequately be explained by a
new theoretical approach — elite institutionalism. This theory posits that
the unique institutional and intellectual atmosphere of the Court shaped
the institutional perspectives and policy worldviews that drove activism and
selective assertiveness in governance. Elite institutionalism expands the
scope of regime politics and institutional theories by situating judicial
decision-making within the larger intellectual context of Indian
 The identities of justices on the Indian Supreme Court
are a subset of their overall intellectual identity and
worldviews, which they share with professional and
intellectual elites in India. This article illustrates how
“elite meta-regimes” of opinion — the collective values
and currents of professional and intellectual elite opinion
on sets of constitutional or political issues — shaped
justices’ worldviews. The broader shifts in the Court’s
activism and assertiveness reflected a shift from the
meta-regime of “social justice” to one of “liberal reform.”
The first Chief Justice of India, Hon'ble
Justice Harilal J. Kania with other
Judges of the Supreme Court on the
dais and the Chief Justices of all High
Courts on the inaugural sitting of the
Supreme Court on 28 January 1950.
The Constitution of 1950 envisaged a
Supreme Court with one chief justice
and 7 puisne Judges. The number of
SC judges was increased by the
Parliament and currently, there are
34 judges including the Chief Justice
of India (CJI).
Who built Supreme Court of
India?
• He was succeeded by Shridher Krishna Joglekar. The
foundation stone of the Supreme Court Building was laid by
the first President of India, Dr. Rajendra Prasad on 29th
October 1954.
Who is the next Chief Justice of
India?
• CJI Chandrachud will be succeeded by Justice Sanjiv Khanna,
who will take over as the next Chief Justice of India.
What’s the Chief Justice?
• Chief Justice is the title of thr presiding judge of a supreme
court. The term can apply to state or federal chief justice, but
is mostly used in reference to the Chief Justice of the U.S.
Supreme court. Chief Justices are the most senior member of
the court, regardless of how many years they served on the
bench.
Who named the Supreme
Court?
• President George Washington named six Supreme Court
justices who were approved within two days by Congress. The
date of February 1, 1790 was set for the Court's first meeting.
Who is the first female Chief
Justice of India?
• B.V. Nagarathna
What is the old name of the
Supreme Court?
• The old name of Supreme Court was Federal Court.
• After independence, the Federal Court and the Judicial
Committee of the Privy Council were replaced by the Supreme
Court of India, which came into being in January 1950.
Which is the biggest case of the
supreme court of India?
• The KESAVANANDA BHARTI case dealt with the issue of
whether constituional amendments were beyond the scope of
judicial review. The constitution of India on this day 50 years
ago the supreme court of India delivered what would come to
be known as the greatest case in independent India.
Who appoints chief justice of
india?
• The Chief Justice of India is appointed by the President of
India with the advice and consent of the Parliament to serve
until they reach the age of sixty-five, resign, are impeached or
die. The current chief justice of India is Dhananjaya Y.
Chandrachud.