ITS232

Introduction To Database Management Systems

CHAPTER 7
An Introduction To SQL
Lab 2: Retriving Data From Multiple Tables

Siti Nurbaya Ismail

Faculty of Computer Science & Mathematics,
Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Kedah
| A2-3039 | ext:2561 | sitinurbaya@kedah.uitm.edu.my | 012-7760562 |
DML: Queries: SELECT Statement

SELECT Statement
• The SELECT statement allows you to find, retrieve, and display data.
• To execute the SELECT statement on a table, you must be the table owner,
have DBA or SYSADM security privileges, or have the SELECT privilege for
that table.
• The result of SELECT statement is a set of rows known as the result set,
which meets the conditions specified in the SELECT statement
SQL SELECT Syntax
SELECT column_name(s) SELECT *
FROM table_name; FROM table_name;

Note
SQL is not case sensitive { SELECT is the same as select }
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DML: Queries: SQL Alias

• You can give a table or a column another name by using an alias.

This can be a good thing to do if you have very long or complex
table names or column names.
• An alias name could be anything, but usually it is short.
• Usually it is used in multiple table joint.

SQL Alias Syntax For Tables

SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name AS alias_name

SQL Alias Syntax For Columns

SELECT column_name AS alias_name

FROM table_name
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DML: Queries: SELECT Statement

staff department
staffNO name city salary departNO departNO name
ABC987 Nadz Kuala 2300 0001 0001 IT
Lumpur 0002 Network
ABC988 Aina Jerantut 2500 0002 0003 Management
ABC989 Halimaton Jerantut 2200 0001
ABC990 Norain Johor 2000 0003
How do you list
staff name and
The following statement list all the staff name. which deparment
they work with?
SELECT name
FROM staff;

The following statement list all the department name.

SELECT name
FROM department; 4
DML: Queries: SELECT Statement

• In order to list staff name with the corresponding department name

they work with, the data must be retrieve from 2 table which is, table
staff and department.
• In order to do so, both the table must be join, using either:
– join predicate
– JOIN keyword

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DML: Queries: SELECT Statement
with join predicate
staff department
staffNO name city salary departNO departNO name
ABC987 Nadz Kuala 2300 0001 0001 IT
Lumpur 0002 Network
ABC988 Aina Jerantut 2500 0002 0003 Management
ABC989 Halimaton Jerantut 2200 0001
ABC990 Norain Johor 2000 0003

The following statement list all the name with the

coresponding deparment name they work with.
name name
SELECT s.name, d.name
Nadz IT
FROM staff AS s, department AS d
Aina Network
WHERE d.departNO = s.departNO;
Halimaton IT
Norain Management
join predicate
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DML: Queries: SELECT Statement
with JOIN keyword
staff department
staffNO name city salary departNO departNO name
ABC987 Nadz Kuala 2300 0001 0001 IT
Lumpur 0002 Network
ABC988 Aina Jerantut 2500 0002 0003 Management
ABC989 Halimaton Jerantut 2200 0001
ABC990 Norain Johor 2000 0003

The following statement list all the name with the

coresponding deparment name they work with.
name name
SELECT s.name, d.name
Nadz IT
FROM staff AS s
Aina Network
JOIN department AS d
Halimaton IT
ON d.departNO = s.departNO; Norain Management

JOIN keyword 7
SQL JOINs

• The JOIN keyword is used in an SQL statement to query data from

two or more tables, based on a relationship between certain
columns in these tables.

• Tables in a database are often related to each other with keys.

• A primary key is a column (or a combination of columns) with a

unique value for each row. Each primary key value must be unique
within the table. The purpose is to bind data together, across tables,
without repeating all of the data in every table.

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SQL JOINs

Different SQL JOINs

• JOIN / INNER JOIN

Return rows when there is at least one match in both tables
• LEFT JOIN
Return all rows from the left table, even if there are no matches in
the right table
• RIGHT JOIN
Return all rows from the right table, even if there are no matches in
the left table
• FULL JOIN
Return rows when there is a match in one of the tables

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SQL INNER JOIN

SQL INNER JOIN Syntax

SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
INNER JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name = table_name2.column_name

NOTE
INNER JOIN is the same as JOIN.

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DML: Two-Table Joins

Besides INNER JOIN, you can also use the following statements to combines
two tables with join conditions.

staff(staffNO, staffNAME, city, salary, departmentNO*)

department(departNO, departNAME)

SELECT s.staffNAME
FROM staff AS s, department AS d
WHERE (d.departNO=s.departNO) AND d.departNAME=“IT”;

SELECT staff.staffNAME,department.departNAME
FROM staff
INNER JOIN department
ON department.departNO=staff.departNO;
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DML: Multiple-Table Joins

A multiple table join is a join of more than two tables with join conditions
for pairs of table.
– A join condition is a comparison (relational operators) on two columns from
each table.

Following is a three table joins which selects all the customer name that order
biscuit Tart Nenas Gunting.

customer(custNO, custNAME, custEMAIL)

biscuit(bisNO, bisNAME, bisFLAVOUR, bisPRICE)
order(orderNO,*custNO,*bisNO, orderadate, qty, status)

SELECT custNAME
FROM customer AS c, biscuit AS b, order AS o
WHERE c.custNO=o.custNO AND o.bisNO=b.bisNO
AND b.bisNAME=“Tart Nenas Gunting“;

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DML: Multiple-Table Joins

tblcustomer(custNO, custNAME, custEMAIL)

tblbiscuit(bisNO, bisNAME, bisFLAVOUR, bisPRICE)
tblorder(orderNO,*custNO,*bisNO, orderadate, qty, status)

List down all customer name, biscuit name and order quantity that
customer had order with confirm status.

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