THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION

by:
Gaoiran Renz
Bugarin Johnred
Ravina Bianca
Tadena Princess Nicole
Savellano Danniela Valerie
OBJECTIVES:
1.To know what is Philippine Constitution
2.The history of Philippine Constitution and the other
constitution.
3.What are the Philippine Constitution
4. The importance and roles of Philippine Constitution
in the nation.
5. Express the thoughts on the Philippine constitution
What is the Philippine Constitution?
The Philippine Constitution serves as the supreme law of the
land, outlining the fundamental principles, rights, and
responsibilities of the government and its citizens. It establishes the
framework for governance, delineates the powers and limitations of
different branches of government, and ensures the protection of
individual rights and liberties. Additionally, it provides mechanisms
for governance, such as elections, and serves as a foundation for the
rule of law and democracy in the Philippines.
THE FORMER CONSTITUTION
OF THE PHILIPPINES
Malolos Constitution (1899)
Background: Drafted and ratified during the First Philippine Republic under
President Emilio Aguinaldo, amidst the Philippine struggle for independence from
Spanish colonial rule.
Key Features: Modeled after other revolutionary constitutions of the time, it
established a democratic republic with three branches of government: executive,
legislative, and judicial. It emphasized the protection of civil liberties and outlined the
structure of the government, including the role of the president and the powers of the
Congress.
Significance: Despite being short-lived, lasting only until the end of the Philippine-
American War, it symbolized the aspirations of Filipinos for self-determination and laid
the groundwork for subsequent attempts at self-governance.
1935 Constitution
Background: Enacted during the Commonwealth Period, a transitional period
leading to Philippine independence from the United States.
Key Features: Established the Commonwealth Government, with a presidential
system of government similar to that of the United States. It provided for a Bill of
Rights, separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial
branches, and mechanisms for elections and democratic governance.
Significance: Served as the legal framework for the transition to full
independence in 1946, shaping the political landscape and institutions of the
newly independent Philippines.
1973 Constitution
Background: Enacted during the martial law regime of President Ferdinand
Marcos, following the declaration of martial law in 1972.
Key Features: Instituted a parliamentary form of government with a strong
presidency. It expanded the powers of the executive and limited civil liberties in
the name of national security. The constitution also abolished the bicameral
Congress and replaced it with a unicameral legislature known as the Batasang
Pambansa.
Significance: Consolidated power in the hands of President Marcos, enabling
authoritarian rule and the suppression of dissent. It was heavily criticized for its
lack of safeguards against abuse of power and violations of human rights.
1987 Constitution
Background: Drafted after the ousting of President Marcos and the restoration of
democracy through the People Power Revolution of 1986.
Key Features: Restored democratic institutions, enshrined human rights
protections, and established mechanisms for checks and balances. It reestablished the
presidential form of government, with a strong emphasis on decentralization,
transparency, and accountability.
Significance: Addressed the abuses of the Marcos regime, provided a legal
framework for democratic governance, and sought to prevent the recurrence of
authoritarian rule. It remains in effect as the current constitution of the Philippines,
embodying the principles of democracy and rule of law.
THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION
 PREAMBLE

We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid

of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society, and
establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and
aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our
patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity, the blessings
of independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime
of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and
promulgate this Constitution.
 Article II - Declaration of Principles and State Policies

Article I - National Territory

Defines the territorial

Outlines the
boundaries of the Philippines, which
fundamental principles that guide the
include the Philippine archipelago,
government, including sovereignty of the
territorial sea, and other territories over
people, social justice, democracy, and the
which the country has sovereignty or
promotion of a just and dynamic social
jurisdiction.
order.
 Article III - Bill of Rights
Guarantees civil liberties and
fundamental rights such as freedom
of speech, religion, and assembly,
as well as protections against
unlawful searches and seizures, and
due process of law.
Article IV - Citizenship
Defines who are citizens of the
Philippines and outlines the laws
governing citizenship, including
naturalization and dual
citizenship.

Article V - Suffrage
Establishes the electoral system and
qualifications for voters, as well as
the procedures for elections and the
holding of political offices.
Article VI - The Legislative Department
Establishes the Congress of the
Philippines, which consists of the
Senate and the House of
Representatives, and outlines their
powers, composition, and
procedures.
 Article VII - The Executive
Department
Establishes the presidency and
outlines the powers and
responsibilities of the President,
including the authority to enforce
laws, command the armed forces,
and conduct foreign relations.
Article VIII - The Judicial Department
Establishes the judiciary as a
separate and independent branch
of government, outlines the
structure of the judicial system,
and defines the powers and
jurisdiction of the courts.
 Article IX - Constitutional
Commissions
Establishes several independent
constitutional bodies tasked with
ensuring transparency, accountability,
and integrity in government, including
the Commission on Elections, the
Commission on Audit, and the Civil
Service Commission.
Article X - Local Government
Provides for the establishment of
autonomous regions and local
government units, and outlines the
distribution of powers and resources
between the national government and
local authorities.

Article XI - Accountability of
Public Officers
Sets forth principles of public
accountability, including provisions
for impeachment and the
investigation and prosecution of
corrupt public officials.
Article XII - National Economy and Patrimony
Contains provisions on the regulation
and development of the national
economy, including the protection of
natural resources and the promotion
of Filipino-owned businesses.
 Article XIV - Education, Science, and Technology, Arts,
Culture, and Sports

Article XIII - Social Justice and

Human Rights
Mandates the promotion of social
Contains provisions for the
justice, equality, and human rights, promotion of education, science, and
including provisions for the technology, as well as the protection
protection of workers, indigenous and preservation of Filipino culture
peoples, women, children, and and heritage.
other vulnerable sectors of society.

Article XV - The Family
Recognizes the importance of the
family as the foundation of the
nation and outlines the state's role
in protecting and strengthening
family relations.
Article XVI - General Provisions
Contains miscellaneous provisions
on subjects such as the national
language, the flag and anthem, and
the official seal of the Philippines.
 Article XVII - Amendments or
Revisions

Specifies the procedures for amending or revising the

Constitution.
The importance and roles of
Philippine Constitution in the
nation.
 Establishing the Rule of Law
The Constitution sets the legal principles that
guide the actions of government officials,
ensuring they operate within legal boundaries.
 Protection of Rights
It guarantees fundamental rights and freedoms such as
freedom of speech, religion, and due process, protecting
citizens from potential abuses by the government.
 Division of Powers
The Constitution outlines the separation of powers among
the executive, legislative, and judicial branches,
preventing any one branch from becoming too powerful.
 Checks and Balances
It creates mechanisms for each branch to check
the powers of the others, preventing any branch
from abusing its authority.
 Ensuring Accountability
By outlining the structure of government and its
responsibilities, the Constitution promotes transparency
and accountability among public officials.
 National Identity and Unity
It embodies the aspirations and values of the
Filipino people, fostering a sense of national
identity and unity.
 THE END
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