1 DAY OF INTERNSHIP FROM

ST

WEST BENGAL HIGHWAY

DEVELOPMENT OF CONCRETE
(WBHDC)

DATE :- 7TH JULY 2023

WBHDCL is converting 40 km Kalyani Expressway connecting Kolkata to Kalyani to a 4/6 lane Super
Highway
The work is being done in phases:->
Elevated corridor connecting Belgharia Eway to Kalyani Eway at Nimta - 6 lane>
Nimta to Muragacha - 6 lane>
Muragacha to Kampa - 4 lane

ROAD TRIP
June 24, 20XX – July 7, 20XX
MAP
 What is BOX GIRDER?
A box girder or tubular girder (or box beam) is a girder that forms an enclosed tube with
multiple walls, as opposed to an I- or H-beam. Originally constructed of riveted wrought
iron, they are now made of rolled or welded steel, aluminium extrusions or prestressed
concrete.
 What are the two types of underpass?

(1) V.U.P (Vehicles Under Pass) :- It is constructed for

the vehicles passes under roadway or railway. It is
known as vehicles under pass.

(2) P.U.P (Pedestrian Under Pass) :- It is constructed

for the pedestrian passes under roadway or railway
What is a box girder used for?

Box girders are used for highway bridges, railway bridges and
footbridges.

What is the strength of box girder?

A mild steel is used in the box girder with a yield strength of 278 MPa.

A box girder consists of:

A concrete deck or an orthotropic steel deck as the top flange, and
sometimes a combination of the two,
a stiffened plate or a bracing as a bottom flange,
webs, vertical or inclined,
stiff diaphragms or bracings at the supports and lighter cross bracings
between the supports at distances of about 2,5 times the construction
depth.
 What is Vehicle underpass? (VUP)
A subway, also known as an underpass, is a grade-separated pedestrian
crossing which crosses underneath a road or railway in order to entirely
separate pedestrians and cyclists from motor traffic or trains respectively.

Minimum Clearance Height :- 5.5M

 What is pedestrian underpass?

A subway, also known as an underpass, is a grade-separated

pedestrian crossing which crosses underneath a road or
railway in order to entirely separate pedestrians and cyclists
from motor traffic or trains respectively.

It is constructed for the pedestrian passes under

roadway or railway.
What is the height of pedestrian underpass?
PADESTRAIN UNDERPASS
Vertical clearance at underpasses shall be at least 5
metres.
 What is Lvup in road
picture
construction?
Light Vehicular Underpass (LVUP):- A
pedestrian/cattle underpass through which
light vehicles of height up to 3m can also
pass.

6-Lane Light Vehicular Underpass (Lvup)

Standard Penetration Test (SPT)
The standard penetration test is an in-situ test that is coming under the category of penetrometer
tests. The standard penetration tests are carried out in borehole. The test will measure the
resistance of the soil strata to the penetration undergone. A penetration emphirical correlation is
derived between the soil properties and the penetration resistance. The test is extremely useful for
determining the relative density and the angle of shearing resistance of cohesionless soils. It can
also be used to determine the unconfined compressive strength of cohesive soils.
Tools for Standard Penetration Test
The requirements to conduct SPT are:
Standard Split Spoon Sampler
Drop Hammer weighing 63.5kg
Guiding rod
Drilling Rig.
Driving head (anvil).
Procedure for Standard Penetration Test
The test is conducted in a bore hole by means of a standard split spoon sampler. Once the drilling
is done to the desired depth, the drilling tool is removed and the sampler is placed inside the bore
hole. By means of a drop hammer of 63.5kg mass falling through a height of 750mm at the rate of
30 blows per minute, the sampler is driven into the soil. This is as per IS -2131:1963. The number
of blows of hammer required to drive a depth of 150mm is counted. Further it is driven by 150
mm and the blows are counted. Similarly, the sampler is once again further driven by 150mm and
the number of blows recorded. The number of blows recorded for the first 150mm not taken into
consideration.. The number of blows recorded for last two 150mm intervals are added to give
the standard penetration number (N). In other words, N = No: of blows required for
150mm penetration beyond seating drive of 150mm.
If the number of blows for 150mm drive exceeds 50, it is taken as refusal and the test is
discontinued. The standard penetration number is corrected for dilatancy correction and
overburden correction.
Precautions taken for Standard Penetration Test
Split spoon sampler must be in good condition.
The cutting shoe must be free from wear and tear
The height of fall must be 750mm. Any change from this will affect the ‘N’ value.
The drill rods used must be in standard condition. Bent drill rods are not used.
Before conducting the test, the bottom of the borehole must be cleaned.
Advantages of Standard Penetration Test
The advantages of standard penetration test are:The test is simple and economical
The test provides representative samples for visual inspection, classification tests and for moisture
content.
Actual soil behaviour is obtained through SPT values
The method helps to penetrate dense layers and fills
Test can be applied for variety of soil conditions

Disadvantages of Standard Penetration Test

The limitations of standard penetration tests are:The results will vary due to any mechanical or
operator variability or drilling disturbances.
Test is costly and time consuming.
The samples retrieved for testing is disturbed.
The test results from SPT cannot be reproduced
The application of SPT in gravels, cobbles and cohesive soils are limited.

How would you determine standard penetration number in SPT test ?

The standard penetration number is equal to the number of blows required for 300 mm of
penetration beyond a seating drive of 150 mm. If the number of blows for 150 mm drive exceeds
50, it is taken as refusal and the test is discontinued.

Purpose of the SPT test?

The standard penetration test (SPT) is an in-situ dynamic penetration test designed to provide
information on the geotechnical engineering properties of soil. This test is the most frequently used
subsurface exploration drilling test performed worldwide.

MAINLY USE FOR PILE DESIGN.

PILE LENGTH:- 35M (SODEPUR – MADHYAMGRAM CROSSING)

PROCEDUR DEAIL
E OF PROJECT TENDERING
PROJECT REPORT

CENTRE PLAN & DETAILS

LINE PROFILE SURVEY
 FULL FORMS
• SAND REPLACEMENT
SRM METHOD

FDD • FEILD DRY DENSITY

FSI • FREE SOIL INDEX

CBR CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO

 COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF
CONCRETE
SPECIMEN DIMENSION :- 150 MM
AREA:- 150X150=22500 MM2
VOLUME:- 150X150X150=3375 CM3
DENSITY :- MASS/VOLUME = GM/CC
STRENGTH:- LOAD/AREA= KNX1000/150X150
GRADE OF CONCRETE :- M25, M30, M35, M40,
1 SAMPLE:- 3 SPECIMEN
1 CUBE:- 1 SPECIMEN
UNIT:- N/MM2
WE GET READING FROM MACHINE IN KN
DOC:- DATE OF CASTING
DOT:- DATE OF TESTING
COMPRESSIVE OF CONCRETE AS PER IS-
516(1959)
This is PDF File

Microsoft Edge
PDF Document
 COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OFCONCRETE [AS PER - IS :516-1959]
GRADE OF CONCRETE:- M25 GRADE OF CONCRETE :- M30

DOC:- 09/06/23 DOC:- 09/06/23

DOT:- 07/07/23 DOT:- 07/07/23

AGE OF CONCRETE:- 28 DAYS AGE OF CONCRETE:- 28 DAYS

DIMENSION OF CUBE :- 150MM DIMENSION OF CUBE :- 150MM

AREA OF CUBE:- 150X150= 22500 MM2 AREA OF CUBE:- 150X150= 22500 MM2

VOLUME OF CUBE:- 150X150X150=3375000/1000=3375 CM3 VOLUME OF CUBE:- 150X150X150=3375000/1000=3375 CM3

SL NO WEIGHT DENSITY LOAD AT FAILURE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AVERAGE SL NO WEIGHT DENSITY LOAD AT FAILURE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AVERAGE
(GM) (GM/CC) (KN) (MPA) (MPA) (GM) (GM/CC) (KN) (MPA) (MPA)

1 8568 2.54 710 31.56 33.04 1 8485 2.51 1140 50.67 52.00
2 8471 2.51 800 35.56 2 8615 2.55 1210 53.78
3 8521 2.52 720 32.00 3 8441 2.50 1160 51.56
4 8669 2.57 770 34.22 33.78
5 8450 2.50 760 33.78
6 8451 2.50 750 33.33
7 8383 2.48 800 35.56 33.19
8 8405 2.49 730 32.44
9 8502 2.52 710 31.56
GRADE OF CONCRETE:- M40
GRADE OF CONCRETE:- M35
DOC:- 09/06/23
DOC:- 09/06/23
DOT:- 07/07/23
DOT:- 07/07/23
AGE OF CONCRETE:- 28 DAYS
AGE OF CONCRETE:- 28 DAYS
DIMENSION OF CUBE :- 150MM
DIMENSION OF CUBE :- 150MM
AREA OF CUBE:- 150X150= 22500 MM2
AREA OF CUBE:- 150X150= 22500 MM2
VOLUME OF CUBE:- 150X150X150=3375000/1000=3375 CM3
VOLUME OF CUBE:- 150X150X150=3375000/1000=3375 CM3

SL NO WEIGHT DENSITY LOAD AT FAILURE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AVERAGE

SL NO WEIGHT DENSITY LOAD AT FAILURE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AVERAGE (GM) (GM/CC) (KN) (MPA) (MPA)
(GM) (GM/CC) (KN) (MPA) (MPA)
1 8487 2.51 1240 55.11 172.89
1 8508 2.52 1140 50.67 52.74 2 8405 2.49 1310 58.22
2 8501 2.52 1210 53.78 3 8419 2.49 1340 59.56
3 8426 2.50 1210 53.78
4 8372 2.48 1180 52.44 51.26
5 8350 2.47 1100 48.89
6 8312 2.46 1180 52.44
THIS IS EXCEL FILE

Microsoft Excel
Worksheet
 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE

1. AVERAGE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH NOT LESS THAN CHARACTERISTICS STRENGTH IN MPA (N/MM2)
2. VARIATION OF SET OF CONCRETE CUBE APPLICABLE = 15% OF AVERAGE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH.

COARSE AGGREGATES
 Coarse aggregates are particulates that are greater than 4.75mm.
 The usual range employed is between 9.5mm and 37.5mm in diameter.- Fine aggregates are usually sand or
crushed stone that are less than 9.55mm in diameter.
 Typically the most common size of aggregate used in construction is 20mm. A larger size, 40mm, is more
common in mass concrete
 The size of the aggregate accepted as suitable for R.C.C. construction work is about 5mm to 20mm.

Why do we use 150mm concrete cubes?

The primary reason of setting 150mm as standard size is : For concrete testing be it Cube, Beam, Cylinder the
dimensions selected are such that MINIMUM DIMENSION WHICH WILL EXIBIT SAME STRENGTH AS THAT
FOR ANY OTHER DIMENSION AT ACTUAL SITE.
Which size of aggregate used in 150mm concrete cubes?
We must use 150mm size cubes for the aggregate size above 25mm and below 40mm aggregates.
Which size of aggregate used in 100mm concrete cubes?
100mm cubes and 100mm by 200mm cylinders for maximum size aggregates up to 20mm.
Which size of aggregate used in 50mm concrete cubes?
50mm cubes could be used if the maximum aggregate size is 10mm.
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the great ESCAPE