INDICATORS OF SOCIAL

STRATIFICATION
 STATUSES
The higher or lower positions that come about
through the social stratifications.
 2 TYPES of STATUSES
BIEDACSR
 2 TYPES of STATUSES
BIEDACSR - ASCRIBED
 2 TYPES of STATUSES
IEEVDCHA
 2 TYPES of STATUSES
IEEVDCHA - ACHIEVED
 ASCRIBED STATUSES

It is assigned or given by the society or

group on the basis of some fixed category,
without regard to a person’s abilities or
performance. These include sex, family
background, race, and ethnic heritage.
 ACHIEVED STATUSES

It is earned by the individual because of

his/her talent, skills, occupation, and
perseverance. These include, degree or
educational attainment, promotion, position,
earned wealth and the like
 According to Weber, these three would determine a person’s
standing in his/her community:
POWER- refers to the ability to influence other people.

PRESTIGE- refers to the person’s position in the

society.

WEALTH- refers to the amount of resources that a

person has.
 DIMENSIONS

1. Source of Income
2. Occupation
3. Education
4. Types of house dwellings
5. Location of residence
6. Kinship or family
 SOURCE OF INCOME

There are different source of income. These are the

inherited wealth, earned wealth, profits,
professional fees, salaries, wages, private relief,
among others. Wealth is everything that is owned
by a person. Inherited wealth is acquired since birth
and without effort.
 OCCUPATION

What people do for a living determines, to a large

extent, the social position of the person.
Occupation may be classified into professionals,
non- professionals (clerks, driver, etc.) proprietors
of small business, skilled workers, and unskilled
workers.
 EDUCATION

Educational attainment of a person may be

categorized as masteral or doctoral degree holder,
college graduate, high school graduate, elementary
school drop- out, among others.
 TYPES OF HOUSE DWELLINGS
Dwellings can be categorized as permanent house
(concrete and excellent in appearance), semi-
permanent house (semi- concrete and very good in
appearance and construction), temporary house
(wood and fair in appearance and construction), and
poorly constructed house (houses found in squatter
areas, or those considered below-the-bridge houses).
 LOCATION OF RESIDENCE

Power, prestige, and wealth are also attached to the

location of residence.
 KINSHIP OR FAMILY

In the Philippines, when a person belongs to the

Ayala’s, Soriano’s, Zobel’s, Villar’s, that person is
regarded as belonging to the upper class (rich)
status.
 TYPES OF SOCIAL
STRATIFICATION AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS
Open System

Closed Systems

Ethnic Systems
 OPEN SYSTEM

UPPER CLASS- the people in this class have great

wealth and sources of income. They constitute the
elite wealthy group in the society. They have high
reputation in terms of power and prestige.
 OPEN SYSTEM

MIDDLE CLASS- the people in this class may

belong to the upper- middle class which is often
made up of highly educated business and
professional people with high incomes such as
doctors and lawyers.
 OPEN SYSTEM

LOWER CLASS- it is typified by poverty,

homelessness, and unemployment. The people in
this class belong to the bottom of socio- economic
ladder.
 CLOSED SYSTEM

CASTE SYSTEM- it is regarded as closed

stratification system in which people can do little
or nothing to change their social standing.
 CLOSED SYSTEM

ESTATE SYSTEM- it is somewhat a closed system

in which the person’s social standing is based on
ownership of land, birth, or military strength.
 ETHNIC SYSTEM

This type of social stratification is based on

national origin, language and religion. Ethnicity
sets segments of society apart and each group has a
sense of identity. People interact more freely with
those people belonging to the same ethnic category.
 SOCIAL
STRATIFICATION AND
SOCIAL MOBILITY
 SOCIAL MOBILITY

It refers to the movement within the social

structure, from one social position to another. It
means a change in social status. All societies
provide some opportunity for social mobility. But
the societies differ from each other to extent in
which individuals can move from one class or
status level to another.
 KINDS OF SOCIAL MOBILITY

1. SOCIAL MOBILITY

2. GEOGRAPHICAL MOBILITY

3. ROLE MOBILITY
 SOCIAL MOBILITY

It refers to the movement upward or downward

among the social positions in any given social
stratification. It may be upward (vertical) mobility
and downward (horizontal) mobility.
 GEOGRAPHICAL MOBILITY

It is otherwise known as physical mobility. It may

be a voluntary movement of people from one
geographical area to another due to change in
residence, commuting from home to office, making
business trips, and voluntary migration from one
country to another.
 ROLE MOBILITY

It is the individual’s shifting from role to role.

Every member of a society has roles to play.
Different situations call for enactment of various
roles.
THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE
AND ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL
STRATIFICATION
 THEORETICAL MAJOR ASSUMPTIONS/
ANALYSIS
PERSPECTIVE
Stratification is necessary to induce people with
STRUCTURAL- FUNCTIONALISM special intelligence, knowledge, and skills to
enter the most important occupations. For this
reason, stratification is necessary and
inevitable.
Stratification results from lack of opportunity
CONFLICT and from discrimination and prejudice against
the poor, women, and people of color. It is
neither necessary nor inevitable.

Stratification affects people’s beliefs, lifestyles,

SYMBOLIC- INTERACTIONISM daily interaction, and conceptions of
themselves.