21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

LESSON 2:
REPRESENTATIVE TEXTS
FROM THE REGIONS

By: Lily Mae De Chavez- Lapura

 REVIEW

• Pre-Spanish Literature is characterized by Legends, Folk

Tales, The Epic Age, and Folk Songs.
• The Propaganda Movement (1872-1896) was spearheaded
mostly by the intellectual middle-class like Jose Rizal,
Marcelo del Pilar, Graciano Lopez Jaena, Antonio Luna,
Mariano Ponce, Jose Ma. Panganiban and Pedro Paterno.
• In the American Regime, Americans influenced Filipino
writers to write using the English language. English as a
medium of instruction was introduced in the schools as the
intellectual language of education.
• In the Period of Activism, campus newspapers were written
to show their protest. They held pens and wrote on placards
in red paint the equivalent of the word MAKIBAKA (To dare!).
 REVIEW

• Period of the New Society poems dealt with

patience, regard for native culture, customs, and
the beauties of nature and surroundings.
• The period of the Third Republic was romantic
and revolutionary.
• Post EDSA I noticed in the new Filipino songs, in
the newspapers, in the speeches, and even in the
television programs.
 LESSON 2

• The country’s rich repertoire of literary masterpieces

may be rooted in the diverse cultural heritage of the
Filipino people.
• They have produced varied texts because of differences.
The mighty roar of the North and the fiery temperament
of the South blended well. The Filipinos speak of the
collective experiences from the people who have gone
through difficulties, triumphs, struggles, successes,
armed conflicts, bloodless revolutions, and others. It is
the reason why these masterpieces resonated loud and
clear in the Philippine archipelago.
 LITERATURE OF LUZON

Luzon, being the largest and most populous island

in the Philippines with eight regions, has a
diverse and colorful culture. Located in the
northern portion of the archipelago, it is the
economic and political center of the nation, being
home to the country's capital city, Manila.
Its literature ranges from the folktales, myths,
legends, epics, poems, riddles, and proverbs both
ritualistic and non-ritualistic.
• Imagery is a poetic element that
tries to create a picture in the mind
of the reader or a mental image
through the use of figural language.
It represents objects, places,
ideas, or even actions that appeal
to the senses of the readers.
 A TASTE OF PHILIPPINE POETRY

• Located in the northwest of Luzon, the Ilocos Region

or Region 1 is comprised of four provinces, namely:
Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, and Pangasinan.
• It is bordered to the west by the turbulent South
China Sea, to the east by the Cordillera
Administrative Region, the northeast and southeast
by Cagayan Valley and the South by Central Luzon.
• Most of the inhabitants of the Ilocano homeland are
concentrated along a narrow coastal plain. Because
of geographical boundaries, these people often
experience heavy rains and violent typhoons,
 A TASTE OF PHILIPPINE POETRY

• The region, then, takes pride in long

stretches of white sand and clear waters
alongside its rich cultural heritage. The
author of the poem “Gabu” is a Carlos
Palanca Memorial Awardee in Poetry in 1964,
Carlos A. Angeles. His collection of poems
entitled, Stun of Jewels, also bagged him the
Republic Cultural Heritage Award in
Literature in the same year.
 A TASTE OF PHILIPPINE POETRY

• Gabu depicts a coastline in Ilocos that is

constantly experiencing the battering
restlessness of the sea. The water that
comes back to the shore seems furious and
ruthless with its daylong bashing, which
havocs the wasteland. Being an archipelagic
country, the Philippines knows the
importance of water and the sea.
 A TASTE OF TAGALOG ESSAY

• More popularly known now as the CALABARZON

referring to the provinces of Cavite, Laguna,
Batangas, Rizal, and Quezon, Region IV-A is home to
Tagalog-speaking people in the Philippines.
• Recognized all over the country for their bravery and
fearlessness in battles, CALABARZON has
participated actively in the country’s fight for
freedom and democracy. It is home to many
Philippine heroes foremost, and among them are
Rizal of Laguna, Mabini of Batangas, and Aguinaldo of
Cavite.
 A TASTE OF CREATIVE NONFICTION

• The Visayas largely practice farming as a means of livelihood although the

people also engage in fishing, weaving, mining, and basket making. They have
strong Roman Catholic traditions merged with cultural elements through
centuries of interaction and inter-migrations. Some of the earliest known
works were documented by a Spanish Jesuit named Ignacio Francisco Alzina
during the Spanish colonial period. Some of the widely known and the only
existing literature describing ancient Visayan society are the Hinilawod and
the Maragtas which were in a combination of Kinaray-a and Hiligaynon.
• The island of Visayas is one of the major geographical divisions in the
Philippines, the other two being Luzon and Mindanao. It is divided into Western,
Central, and Eastern Visayas. The Visayas region is comprised of several
islands circling the Visayan Sea. Its people, therefore, share a sea-based
culture and tradition that may be rooted in a strong religious foundation.
• The dwelling place of many festivals such as the Ati-Atihan, Di-nagyang,
Sinulog, Pintados, and Maskara, the Visayas may indeed be considered as one
of the cradles of Philippine civilization.
 LITERATURE OF MINDANAO

• The literature of Mindanao is a diverse culture which

displays the features and culture of the Muslim
people in the Philippines. Mindanao has thirty-three
ethno-linguistic groups, which thirteen of them are
Islamized; nineteen are Lumads and third and fourth
are Christian settlers. Literature in Mindanao,
especially the folk literature in cultural communities
as in other Filipino groups, follow the oral tradition in
that folktales, myths, legends, epics, poems, riddles
and proverbs are handed down by word of mouth
from generation to generation.
 W H A T I C A N D O

Directions: Read the following and answer the questions in two sentences on your answer sheet (5 points each=30 points).

• A. Dead Stars

• 1. How are women depicted in the story?

• __________________________________________________________________

• __________________________________________________________________

• 2. What lesson about courtship and marriage has the story taught you?

• __________________________________________________________________

• __________________________________________________________________

• B. Farol de Combate

• 3. What scenery do you see as you read Farol de Combate?

• __________________________________________________________________

• __________________________________________________________________

• 4. What do Visayans value in the poem?

• __________________________________________________________________

• __________________________________________________________________

• C. Buyayang Buyayang

• 5. What are being affected negatively in Buyayang Buyayang?

• __________________________________________________________________

• __________________________________________________________________

• 6. What does the water strider symbolize in the folksong in relation to peace?

• __________________________________________________________________

• __________________________________________________________________
 TA S K 1

This is my Stand!
• In Dead Stars by Paz Marquez Benitez , love is the dominant theme of the story. It conveys the theme that pertains to forbidden love.
After reading the story, we can conclude that “Love is not an emotion; it is a choice and commitment.” What is your stand on love?
Do you agree or disagree on the statement?
• Directions: Write a position paper to express your arguments. A position paper is a written report outlining your attitude or
intentions regarding a particular matter. Follow the format and be guided by the rubric for scoring (30 points

FORMAT OF THE POSITION PAPER

I. Introduction
___ A. Introduce the topic B. Provide
background on the topic to explain why it is
important
___C. Assert your view of the topic.
II. Your Position
___A. Assert point #1 of your position
1. Give your educated and informed opinion
_____2. Provide support/proof using more than
one source (preferably three)
III. Conclusion
___A. Restate your position
___B. Provide a plan of action but do not
introduce new information
 TASK 2: KEEP CALM AND SAY IT!

Buyayang Buyayang shows how the people in Mindanao continue their struggle for
peace. Oftentimes, peace is not achieved because of differences in perspectives and
unwillingness to understand others. Even with our family members and classmates, we
may engage in petty fights. It is important, however, to be at peace because it brings
with it contentment, harmony, order, and fulfillment. If you were to promote peace, what
would you say?
Directions: Check the sample on the next page and create a slogan with 5-8 words. Be
guided by the rubric for scoring (30 points).
RUBRIC FOR EXCELLENT ACCOMPLISHE DEVELOPING
SCORING IN (10 points) D (6 points)
MAKING A (8 points)
SLOGAN
CATEGORY
Content The slogan The slogan The slogan
shows a clear somewhat shows an
phrase shows a phrase unclear phrase
promoting promoting for promoting
peace. peace. peace.
Creativity The student The student The student
shows an shows an shows an
original artistic original work artistic work
work. that lacks that may not be
artistry. original or
unoriginal work
that lacks
artistry.
Neatness The poster is The poster is The poster is
very neat. somewhat not neat.
neat.
 TASK 3: MY HOMETOWN,MY PRIDE

In Farol de Combate by Marjorie Evasco, the line “Once a local, always a local” is
evident as the persona goes back home and appreciates her hometown and the
neighborhood’s simple acts of kindness. This poem is a great reminder for us to
always treasure our roots no matter how far we have gone. What about you? Where
are your roots? How beautiful are your roots? Suppose you are to promote your
hometown to non-locals, how would you do it?
Directions: Create an infographic showcasing your hometown . An infographic is a
collection of imagery, charts, and minimal text that gives an easy-to-understand
overview of a topic. Follow the format below. Be guided by the rubric for scoring (30
points).
• WHAT TO INCLUDE IN YOUR INFOGRAPHIC
Notes to the Student
• • Name of Hometown
To make your infographic, use one of the
• • Reasons for Being the Best Hometown following:
• • Characteristics of the People canva.com (ONLINE)
• • Foods to Try
Paint application (OFFLINE)
Art materials (for students without gadgets)
• • Places to Visit
• • Travel Tips
TASK 3: MY HOMETOWN,MY PRIDE

RUBRIC FOR EXCELLENT ACCOMPLISHED DEVELOPING

SCORING IN (10 points) (8 points) (6 points)
CREATING AN
INFOGRAPHIC
CATEGORY
Content The content of the The content was The content of the
infographic was somewhat broad infographic was
clear and and did not allow not clear and
concise. viewer to concise.
understand the
infographic.
Creativity The student shows The student shows The student shows
an original artistic an original work an artistic work
work. that lacks that may not be
artistry. original or
unoriginal work
that lacks
artistry.
Images The infographic The images were The images had
has applicable somewhat nothing to do with
images. applicable to the the content. There
infographic. was an overload of