The Muslims

Lesson 4: Cultural Communities in Mindanao

 Maguindanao
Maranao
Tausug
Sama

Muslims Yakan
Ilanon or Iranun
Kolibugan
They largely stay outside the mainstream of national
Sangil
consciousness, distinguished by their faith and manner of
life. Muslims are adherents of Islam. Kalagan
Muslim Inhabitants of Palawan
Jama Mapun
Badjao
Subanun
Lesson 4: Cultural Communities in Mindanao
Islam has had a profound impact on their culture.
Islam entails total surrender to Allah's will.

● Daily Affairs
● Business
● Government
● Education
● Social Life
● Arts
● Culture

Lesson 4: Cultural Communities in Mindanao

There’s no god but the God;
Mohammed is His messenger.
THE MUSLIMS’ CREED

Lesson 4: Cultural Communities in Mindanao

Philippine Muslim
Subgroups
Lesson 4: Cultural Communities in Mindanao /The Muslims/
Philippine Muslim Subgroups

Maguindanao also known as

Manguindanaon, Magindanaw

Pulangi Area: North Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Maguindanao

Provinces; South-Central Mindanao

"people of flooded plain”

● named after the Sultanate or dynasty that

ruled the area
● the largest group of Muslim Filipinos
● believed to have converted to Islam around
the 15th and 16th centuries.
● Their language is of the same group as most
Philippine languages, including Tagalog.

Lesson 4: Cultural Communities in Mindanao /The Muslims/

Philippine Muslim Subgroups

Maranao
Oldest settlement started around Lanao or “lake”
and highly populated communities still reside presently

"people of the lake”

● those from an ancestry of "royalty" still maintain

● they form the largest Muslim community
some political position or prominence in their
and cultural minority in the Philippines
areas
● Language is similar to Maguindanaon and
● Traditionally been fishermen and farmers in
Iranun
villages with few households
● Families are traditionally large and close-
● Households have often been large with several
knit.
families living together.

Lesson 4: Cultural Communities in Mindanao /The Muslims/

Philippine Muslim Subgroups

Tausug
Found in Sulu Islands

"people of the current”

or
“brave people”
● Ÿhad their own system of government ● Ÿtheir leaders spread Islam and its government
● Ÿopenly welcomed Islam and the system of system to other places in the country
government that came with it in which bred
to the establishment of the Sulu sultanate

Lesson 4: Cultural Communities in Mindanao /The Muslims/

Philippine Muslim Subgroups
Sama
located at
Sulu Archipelago
● Ÿconsidered as boat-people
● Ÿspending most time in constant movement
throughout the islands or living on the
water
● Ÿalso considered as sea-gypsies
Lesson 4: Cultural Communities in Mindanao /The Muslims/
Yakan
located at
Basilan & Zamboanga City
● Ÿthe majority Muslim group in Basilan
south of Mindanao
● Ÿhave two spheres of belief integrating
Islamic principles and traditional beliefs
referred as "folk Islam"
● Ÿhave remained separate from any rule
other than that of Sultanates their Data
follows
Philippine Muslim Subgroups

Iranun
also known as
Kolibugan
llanon
"half breeds"
● Ÿare said to have started the ethnic groups
within Lanao del Sur to the Maguindanao ● Ÿrefers to all people who have accepted Islam
areas through intermarriage
● Ÿtheir language are seen in Maranao and ● Ÿoriginally from Subanon tribes
Maguindanao languages ● Ÿtheir culture are said to be half breed
● Ÿsaid to have fought under the ● Ÿcame into Islam through intermarriage with
Maguindanao sultanate Muslim communities
● ŸMaguindanaon sultans were said to have ● Ÿthe people live the Subanun organization and
been from the Iranuns language

Lesson 4: Cultural Communities in Mindanao /The Muslims/

Philippine Muslim Subgroups

Sangil Kalagan
Balut Sarangani, parts of South Cotabato, & mostly found in
Davao Del Sur Davao provinces

● Ÿname originated from and are said to ● ŸIslamization achieved through arrival of
came from Sanghe ( islands between the Maguindanaon and Tausug
Indonesia and Celebes) ● Ÿbecame marginalized and with less
● Ÿalready Muslims before came to improvement in their social organization
Philippine shore after Maguindanaon and Tausug left.
● Ÿknown for boat making
● Ÿhave said to be buccaneers who attacked
Spanish territories in some parts of the
Philippines

Lesson 4: Cultural Communities in Mindanao /The Muslims/

Philippine Muslim Subgroups

Muslim Inhabitants of
Palawan also known as
Panimusan

Palawan
(Batarasa, Quezon, Brooke's Point, Espanola, Narra, Roxas,
Taytay, and Aborlan)

● ŸIslamized through the Sulu sultanate

● ŸTausug who went there introduced Islam
to the local people

Lesson 4: Cultural Communities in Mindanao /The Muslims/

Philippine Muslim Subgroups
Jama Mapun
located at
Cagayan de Sulu
● Ÿmore oriented in land-based existence
● Ÿheavily oriented on maritime trade on
copra and forest products
● Received many consumer products through
barter with Northern Borneo cities
● Ÿkinship is traced bilaterally and unilineal
features and inheritance of titles are present
● ŸPolitical structure revolves around the
Sultanate
● Ÿancestor-based grouping called lungun
● Ÿelaborate music and dance are related to those
of Southeast Asia
Lesson 4: Cultural Communities in Mindanao /The Muslims/
Philippine Muslim Subgroups

Badjao
also known as
Sea Gypsies of the Sulu & Celebes Seas,
Sama Laus (Sea Sama)

Tawi Tawi, Sulu, Basilan, &

some coastal municipalities in Zamboanga Del Sur

● found living in houseboats ● Ÿbarters their harvest for fruits and cassava and
● their livelihood is solely on the sea, comes to replenish supplies and repair houseboats
to shore to barter for produce & supplies ● ŸUnique to their Cultural rituals is the concept
of life and relationship to the sea

Lesson 4: Cultural Communities in Mindanao /The Muslims/

Philippine Muslim Subgroups

Subanun also known as

Subanen (Eastern Subanun), Subano,
Subanon (Western Subanun)
located at
Forest Interior in Southern Mindanao

● group of animist slash-and burn ● A history of being exploited and taken as

agriculturists slaves by their coastal Muslim neighbors.
● widely scattered settlements and raise crops ● Division of labor between men and women
almost totally by hand is very equal.

Lesson 4: Cultural Communities in Mindanao /The Muslims/