Geo-Thermal Power Plant

21251A1749
Contents

 Introduction
 Working principle
 Dry stream power plant
 Flash stream power plant
 Binary cycle power plant
 Uses of Geothermal Power Plant
 Advantages and Disadvantages
 Introduction

 Geothermal comes from Greek word Geo means Earth and thermal means Heat
 Geothermal power plants harness the Earth's natural heat to generate electricity,
offering a sustainable and renewable source of energy. Unlike traditional power plants
that rely on burning fossil fuels, geothermal power plants utilize the heat stored
beneath the Earth's surface to produce electricity with minimal environmental impact.
 History

 The first geothermal power plant was invented

by Prince Piero Ginori Conti in Larderello, Italy.
 Introduction

 Geothermal Powerplant:
Geothermal power is electrical power
generated from Thermal Energy.
Geothermal Energy:

Geothermal energy is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth.

Thermal energy is the energy that determines the temperature of matter.
Earth’s geothermal energy originates formation of the planet (20%) and from
radioactive decay of minerate (80%)
Uses of Geothermal Energy

 Aquaculture
 Desalination
 Electricity generation
 Industrial process
 Agriculture
 Working Principle

 Components of Geothermal Powerplant:

1. Injection well
2. Generators
3. Turbines
4. Steam
5. Hotwater
6. Cooling Tower
Power generation process

 Dry steam power plant

 Flash steam power plant
 Binary cycle power plant
Dry steam

 Steam plants use hydrothermal fluids that are primarily steam. The steam
goes directly to a turbine, which drives a generator that produces electricity.
 The steam eliminates the need to burn fossil fuels to run the turbine. (Also
eliminating the need to transport and store fuels!)
 The dry steam power plant system was the very first geothermal power
production plant built in Italy at Lardarello in 1904.
Dry steam
Flash steam

 Hydrothermal fluids above 360°F (182°C) can be used in flash

plants to make electricity.
 Fluid is sprayed into a tank held at a much lower pressure than the
fluid, causing some of the fluid to rapidly vaporize, or "flash." The
vapor then drives a turbine, which drives a generator.
 If any liquid remains in the tank, it can be flashed again in a second
tank (double flash) to extract even more energy.
Flash steam
Flash steam

 Flash Steam Power Plants are the most common form of geothermal
power plant.
 The hot water is pumped under great pressure to the surface. The
water is sometimes called 'brine', as it contains impurities such as salt.
 When it reaches the surface the pressure is reduced and as a result
some of the water changes to steam. This produces a ‘blast’ of steam.
 The cooled water is returned to the reservoir to be heated by
geothermal rocks again.
Binary steam

 Most geothermal areas contain moderate-temperature

water (below 400°F). Energy is extracted from these fluids
in binary-cycle power plants.
 Hot geothermal fluid and a secondary (hence, "binary")
fluid with a much lower boiling point than water pass
through a heat exchanger. Heat from the geothermal fluid
causes the secondary fluid to flash to vapor, which then
drives the turbines.
Binary steam
 Binary steam

 Geothermal power plants harness the Earth's natural heat to

generate electricity, offering a sustainable and renewable source of
energy.
 Unlike traditional power plants that rely on burning fossil fuels,
geothermal power plants utilize the heat stored beneath the Earth's
surface to produce electricity with minimal environmental impact.
Uses of Geothermal power plant

 Electricity generation
 Greenhouse Agriculture
 District Heating Systems
 Aquaculture
 Desalination
Advantages

 Renewable
 Low Emissions
 Reliable
 Low operating costs
Disadvantages

 Limited location
 Resource depletion and decline
 High initial investments
 Geological risks
 Water consumption and contamination
THANK YOU