HOLY TRINITY COLLEGE OF GENERAL SANTOS CITY

ECE and GSE Department

Balancing of Chemical Equations

Prepared by: REYNOLD M. OCTAVIO JR., LPT

Law of Conservation of Matter


…states that no matter can ever be created
nor destroyed.

In other words, the number and type of
atoms going INTO a reaction must be the
same as the number and type of atoms
coming OUT.
If an equation obeys the Law of
Conservation, it is balanced.
Law of Conservation of Matter
Chemical equation - Describes a chemical change.
Parts of an equation:

Reactant Product

2Ag + H2S Ag2S + H2

Reaction symbol
Subscript - shows how many atoms of an
element are in a molecule.
EX: H2O
2 atoms of hydrogen (H)
1 atom of oxygen (O)
Coefficient - shows how many molecules
there are of a particular chemical.
EX: 3 H2O
Means there are 3 water molecules.
 2H2 + O2  2H2O
Rules of Balancing Equations
1. Matter cannot be created or
destroyed.
2. Subscripts cannot be added,
removed, or changed.
3. You can only change coefficients.
4. Coefficients can only go in front of
chem. formulas...NEVER in the middle
of a formula.
 CH4 + O2  CO2 + H2O

Reactant Side Product Side

1 carbon atom 1 carbon atom

4 hydrogen atoms 2 hydrogen atoms
2 oxygen atoms 3 oxygen atoms
 A Balanced Equation

CH4 + 2O2  CO2 + 2H2O

Reactant Side Product Side

1 carbon atom 1 carbon atom

4 hydrogen atoms 4 hydrogen atoms
4 oxygen atoms 4 oxygen atoms
Balance the following equation by adjusting
coefficients.

N2 + 3 H2  2NH3
reactants products

N 2 21
H 6
2 63
 Balance the following equation by adjusting
coefficients.

2 KClO3  2 KCl + 3 O2
reactants products

K 1
2 12
Cl 1
2 1
2
O 3
6 2
6
Balance the following equation:
2 C2H6 + 7O2  4CO2 + 6H2O
C=2 4 C=1 4
H=6 12 H=2 12
O=2 14 O=3 14

√ Balanced
Balance the following equation:
 Fe + O2  Fe2O3
4 3 2
_Na3PO4 + _CaCl2  Ca3 (PO4)2 + _NaCl

_Fe(NO3)3 + _Ca  _Ca(NO3)2 + _Fe

Questions?
1. Xe + _F2  XeF6
2. _Ag + H2S  Ag2S + H2

3. _KOH + CO2  K2CO3 + H2O

4. _Na + Cl2  _NaCl

5. _FeO + C  _Fe + CO2

1.)___ K + ___ B2O3  ___ K2O + ___ B

2.) ___ HCl + ___ NaOH  ___ NaCl + ___ H2O

3.) ___ Na + ___ NaNO3  ___ Na2O + ___ N2

4.) ___ C + ___ S8  ___ CS2

5.) ___ Na + ___ O2  ___ Na2O

1. FeCl3 + _NaOH  Fe(OH)3 + _NaCl

2. _Al + _H2SO4  Al2 (SO4)3 + _H2

3. _NH3 + _CuO  _Cu + N2 + _H2O

4. C3H8 + _O2  _CO2 + _H2O

5. _C4H10 + _O2  _CO2 + _H2O