Computing Fundamentals

Ch.E- 111

Muhammad Umar Mushtaq

2 Introduction
 Microsoft Visio is software for drawing a variety of diagrams
 These include flowcharts, building plans, floor plans, data
flow diagrams, process flow diagrams, business process
modeling, 3D maps, and many more
 It’s a Microsoft product, sold as an addition to MS Office
 Visio can be used in a variety of settings to create
professional looking diagrams
 Visio includes a big library of shapes/symbols used in dozens
of diagram types
 You can also make your own shapes and import them if
you’re willing to do all that extra work
 The driving idea behind Visio is to make diagramming as
easy as possible for the user
Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111
3
Applications in Chemical Engineering
field
 MS Visio is mainly used to draw simple Block Flow
Diagrams (BFD), Process Flow Diagram (PFD) and
Process & Instrumentation Diagrams (P&ID) in
chemical engineering field.

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

4
Block Flow Diagrams (BFD)
 The block flow diagram is introduced early in the education
of chemical engineers. In the first courses in material and
energy balances, often the initial step is to convert a word
problem into a simple visual block flow diagram.
 This diagram is a series of blocks connected with input and
output flow streams. It includes operating conditions
(temperature and pressure) and other important information
such as conversion and recovery, given in the problem
statement.
 It does not provide details regarding what is involved within
the blocks, but concentrated on the main flow of streams
through the process.

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

5
Block Flow Diagrams (BFD)

 The block flow diagram can take one of two forms:

 A block flow process diagram may be drawn for a single
process.
 A block flow plant diagram may be drawn for a complete
chemical complex involving many different chemical
processes.

Analysis, Synthesis, and Design of Chemical Processes

Book by Richard Turton and Wallace B. Whiting

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

 6
Block Flow Process Diagram
 An example of a block flow process diagram is shown in
Figure for the Production of Benzene:

Analysis, Synthesis, and Design

of Chemical Processes
Book by Richard Turton and
Wallace B. Whiting

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

 7
Block Flow Process Diagram
 Each block in the diagram represents a process function
and may, in reality, consist of several pieces of equipment.

Analysis, Synthesis, and Design of

Chemical Processes
Book by Richard Turton and Wallace
B. Whiting

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

8
Block Flow Process Diagram
 The general format and conventions used in preparing block flow
process diagrams are presented in Table 1.1.

Analysis, Synthesis, and Design of Chemical Processes

Book by Richard Turton and Wallace B. Whiting
Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111
 9
Block Flow Process Diagram
 An example of a block flow plant diagram for a complete chemical complex
is illustrated in Figure for a coal to higher alcohol fuels plant.

Analysis, Synthesis, and Design of Chemical Processes

Book by Richard Turton and Wallace B. Whiting Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111
10
Process Flow Diagrams (PFD)
 The process flow diagram (PFD) represents a quantum
step up from the BFD in terms of the amount of
information that it contains.
 The PFD contains the bulk of the chemical engineering
data necessary for the design of a chemical process.

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

11
Process Flow Diagrams (PFD)

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

12
Process Flow Diagrams (PFD)
 A typical commercial PFD will contain the following information:
1. All the major pieces of equipment in the process will be represented on the
diagram along with a description of the equipment. Each piece of equipment
will have assigned a unique equipment number and a descriptive name.
2. All process flow streams will be shown and identified by a number. A
description of the process conditions and chemical composition of each stream
will be included. These data will be displayed either directly on the PFD or
included in an accompanying flow summary table.
3. All utility streams supplied to major equipment that provides a process
function will be shown.
4. Basic control loops, illustrating the control strategy used to operate the
process during normal operations, will be shown.

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

 Piping and Instrumentation Diagram
13 (P&ID)
 The piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID) or mechanical flow
diagram (MFD) provides information needed by engineers to begin
planning for the construction of the plant. The P&ID includes every
mechanical aspect of the plant except the information given in Table 1.8.

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

 P&ID
14  Each PFD will require many P&IDs to provide the necessary data. Figure
below is a representative P&ID for the distillation section of the benzene
process shown in previous Figure.

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

 Getting started with Visio 2013

15 The Visio 2013 welcome screen features a number of different templates to get you
started.

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

 Getting started with Visio 2013

16
 When you have a diagram open and click the File tab,
Visio presents the Info page. The right side of the page
provides information about the open document, along with
a Properties list that you can use to view and set additional
document properties.
 The New page provides access to both built-in templates
and online templates.
 The Open page provides access to previously stored Visio
diagrams.
 Clicking Save for a previously unsaved diagram displays
the Save As page shown in the following section. Clicking
Save for a previously saved diagram simply saves the
changes.
 On the Save As page, you can choose a local or remote
location and then either select a recent folder or use the
Browse button to navigate to the desired location.
 The Print page provides a print preview and printing
options.
Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111
 Exploring the Visio ribbon

17
 Click the Home tab if it is not already selected.
 You’ll find sets of related buttons organized into groups called Clipboard,
Font, Paragraph, Tools, Shape Styles, Arrange, and Editing.

 Click the Insert tab to access the Pages, Illustrations, Diagram Parts,
Links, and Text groups.

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

 Exploring the Visio ribbon

18
 Click the Design tab to change Page Setup, select Themes or Variants,
create or edit page Backgrounds, and change page Layout.

 On the Data tab, you can establish and maintain links to External Data,
Display Data using data graphics, and Show/Hide both the Shape Data
and External Data windows.

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

 Exploring the Visio ribbon

19
 Click the Review tab for access to functions for Proofing, Language,
Comments, and Reports.

 Click the View tab.

 As the name suggests, most of the buttons on this tab affect which Visio
features are visible on the screen:

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

 Exploring the drawing window

20
 When you start Visio, two windows normally appear below the ribbon.

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

 Exploring the drawing window

21
 The Shapes window on the left contains one or more stencils, each
represented by a header bar containing the name of the stencil.
Depending on the number of open stencils in the Shapes window, a scroll
bar might appear at the right of the headers.
 The larger window on the right is called the drawing window because it
contains the drawing page. The drawing window is bounded on the top
and left by rulers that display inches, millimeters, or whatever units you
have selected (or your template has selected) for measuring page
dimensions.
 Visio templates are provided in two different sets of measurement units.
 Metric Metric drawings are sized using International Standards Organization
(ISO) specified paper sizes; the default size is usually A4. All measurements
are in millimeters or other metric measurement units.
 US Units Diagrams created with US Units use the 8.5-by-11-inch, letter-sized
paper that is common in the United States and parts of Canada and Mexico.
The default measurement units are inches and feet.

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111

 Exploring the drawing window

22
 At the lower left of the drawing window is a set of page controls.

 A Page name tabs display the name of each page and the active page
name is displayed in a different color. Click any tab to change to that
page. Right-click any page name tab to access page management
functions including the new Duplicate Page function.
 B Click the All button to display a list of all pages in the diagram. The
name of the active page is highlighted in the list.
 C Click the Insert Page button to add a new page.

Computing Fundamentals Ch.E-111