KINEMATICS

IN ONE
DIMENSION
 Section 1 :
Displacement
 Section 2 :
Speed and Velocity
11,988
 Emma travels from her home to her office, a distance of 20
miles. She drives at a speed of 40 miles per hour for the first half
of the journey but hits some traffic and can only manage 20
miles per hour for the second half. What is her average speed
for the entire journey?
Total distance =20 miles
Initial Speed = 40 miles/hour
Final Speed = 20 miles/hour
Average Speed = ?
Initial time = ?
Final time = ?
Total time = ?
First, we find the time taken for each half of the journey:

Initial Time = Distance / Speed = 10 miles / 40 mph = 0.25 hours

Final Time = Distance / Speed = 10 miles / 20 mph = 0.5 hours

Total Time = 0.25 hours + 0.5 hours = 0.75 hours

Now, we find the total distance traveled:

Total Distance = Initial Distance + Final Distance

= 10 miles + 10 miles = 20 miles

Average Speed = Total distance / Total time

= 20 miles / 0.75 hours = 26.67 mph
 Tom rides his bike from his house to the park, which
is 5 miles away. He rides at a constant speed of 10 miles
per hour for the first half of the journey. Then, he
increases his speed to 15 miles per hour for the second
half of the journey. What is his average speed for the
entire trip?
Total distance = 5 miles
Initial Speed = 10 miles/hour
Final Speed = 15 miles/per hour
Average Speed = ?
Initial time = ?
Final time = ?
Total time = ?
First, we find the time taken for each half of the journey:

Ti = Di / Si = 2.5 miles / 10 mph = 0.25 hours

Tf = Df / Sf = 2.5 miles / 15 mph = 0.17 hours

Total Time = 0.25 hours + 0.17 hours = 0.42 hours

Now, we find the total distance traveled:

Total Distance = Initial Distance + Final Distance

= 2.5 miles + 2.5 miles = 5 miles

Average Speed = Total distance / Total time

= 5 miles / 0.42 hours = 11.90 mph
Car Journey: A car travels 120 miles at a speed
of 60 mph for the first half of the journey and 40
mph for the second half. What is the average
speed for the entire trip?
Total distance =
Initial Speed =
Final Speed =
Average Speed =
Initial time =
Final time =
Total time =
1. Bike Ride: John rides his bike 15 miles to his friend's house at a speed of 10
mph. On the return journey, he rides at a speed of 15 mph. What is his
average speed for the round trip?
2. Train Travel: A train travels 200 miles at a speed of 50 mph for the first half
of the journey and 75 mph for the second half. What is the average speed for
the entire trip?
3. Hiking Adventure: Sarah hikes 10 miles at a speed of 2 mph, then she
speeds up to 3 mph for the next 5 miles. What is her average speed for the
entire hike?
4. Running Race: In a race, Sam runs the first 2 kilometers at a speed of 8
km/h and the next 3 kilometers at a speed of 10 km/h. What is his average
speed for the entire race?
5. Delivery Route: A delivery truck travels 80 miles at a speed of 40 mph for
the first half of the route and 60 mph for the second half. What is the average
speed for the entire route?
A car travels 150 kilometers in 3 hours.
What is its average velocity?

Solution:
Average velocity = Total distance / Total
time
Average velocity = 150 km/ 3 hr.
Average velocity = 50km/h
A cyclist rides for 2 hours at a speed of 15 km/h and then
for 1 hour at a speed of 20 km/h. What is the average
velocity for the entire journey?
Solution:
Total distance = ?
Initial velocity = 15 km/hr.
Final velocity = 20 km/hr.
Average velocity = ?
Initial time = 2 hr.
Final time = 1 hr.
Total time = ?
A train travels 240 kilometers in 4 hours. If it travels the first 3 hours
at a velocity of 60 km/h, what is its speed during the last hour?

Solution:
Total distance = 240 km
Initial distance = ?
Final distance = ?
Initial velocity = 60 km/hr.
Final velocity = ?
Average velocity = ?
Initial time = 3 hr.
Final time = ?
Total time = 4 hr.
A boat travels upstream for 2 hours at a velocity of 5 km/h and
then downstream for 3 hours at a velocity of 8 km/h. If the
distance between the two points is 34 kilometers, what is the
average velocity of the boat?
Total distance = ?
Initial distance =
Final distance =
Initial velocity = 5 km/hr.
Final velocity = 8 km/hr.
Average velocity = ?
Initial time = 2 hr.
Final time = 3
Total time =
A jogger runs for 30 minutes at a velocity of 8 km/h and
then walks for 20 minutes at a velocity of 4 km/h. What is
the average velocity for the entire journey?
Total distance = ?
Initial distance = ?
Final distance = ?
Initial velocity = 8 km/hr.
Final velocity = 4 km/hr.
Average velocity = ?
Initial time = 30 minutes
Final time = 20 minutes
Total time = ?
Average Speed:
Average Speed = Total Distance Traveled / Total Time Taken

Average speed is the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken.
It gives an indication of the overall rate at which an object has covered distance
over a given period.

Average Velocity:
Average Velocity = Total Displacement / Total Time Taken

Average velocity is the total displacement (change in position) divided by the

total time taken. It indicates both the magnitude and direction of motion over a
given period.
 Section 3 :
Acceleration
Vf= Vi + Acceleration (a)×Time (t)
1. A car accelerates from rest at a constant rate
of 2 m/s² for 5 seconds. What is its final
velocity?
Initial Velocity = 0
Final velocity =
Initial time = 0
Final time = 5 s.
Acceleration = 2 m/s2
2. A ball is dropped from a height of 20 meters.
If its initial velocity is 0 m/s, and it experiences
constant acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s²),
what is its velocity after 2 seconds?
Initial Velocity = 0
Final velocity = ?
Initial time = 0
Final time = 2 s.
Acceleration = 9.8 m/s2
3. An object accelerates from an initial velocity
of 10 m/s to a final velocity of 25m/s in 5
seconds. What is its acceleration?

Initial Velocity = 10 m/s

Final velocity = 25 m/s
Initial time = 0
Final time = 5s.
Acceleration = 9.8 m/s2
4. A car decelerates from 20 m/s to 10 m/s in 4
seconds. What is its deceleration (negative
acceleration)?

Initial Velocity = 20 m/s

Final velocity = 10 m/s
Initial time = 0
Final time = 4s.
Acceleration =?
5. A bicycle slows down from 15 m/s to 5 m/s in 6
seconds. What is its deceleration?

Initial Velocity =
Final velocity =
Initial time =
Final time =
Acceleration =?
6. A train slows down uniformly from 30 m/s to 20
m/s in 10 seconds. What is its deceleration?

Initial Velocity =
Final velocity =
Initial time =
Final time =
Acceleration =?
7. A ball slows down from 10 m/s to 2 m/s
in 5 seconds. What is its deceleration?

Initial Velocity =
Final velocity =
Initial time =
Final time =
Acceleration =?
8. A car slows down uniformly
from 25 m/s to 10 m/s in 8
seconds. What is its deceleration?